Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects - EcoPort

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References 371 Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.I. and Ku, S.C. 1991a. Biological control of citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, in Taiwan. II Evaluation of Tamarixia radiata and Diaphorencyrtus diaphorinae for the control of Diaphorina citri. Chinese Journal of Entomology 11: 26Ð38 (in Chinese, English summary). Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.I. and Ku, S.C. 1991b. Parasitic strategy, morphology and life history of Tamarixia radiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Chinese Journal of Entomology 11: 265Ð281 (in Chinese, English summary). Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.I. and Ku, S.C. 1993. Influence of temperature on the population increase, host-killing capacity and storage of Tamarixia radiata. Chinese Journal of Entomology 13: 111Ð123 (in Chinese, English summary). Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.I. and Ku, S.C. 1994a. Influence of food on longevity, egg production and population increase of the eulophid wasp, Tamarixia radiata. (in Chinese, English summary). Plant Protection Bulletin, Taipei 36: 97Ð105. Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.I. and Ku, S.C. 1994b. Oosorption and ovipositionÐregulating capability of the eulophid wasp, Tamarixia radiata, and its internal reproductive organs. Plant Protection Bulletin, Taipei 36: 19Ð30 (in Chinese, English summary). Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.I. and Ku, S.C. 1995. Influence of host densities on the population increase of the eulophid wasp Tamarixia radiata and its host killing ability (in Chinese, English summary). Plant Protection Bulletin, Taipei 37: 81Ð96. China, W.E. 1935. Hemipterous predators of the weevils Cosmopolites and Odoiporus. Bulletin of Entomological Research 26: 497Ð498. Chiu, S.C., Aubert, B. and Chien, S.C. 1988. Attempts to establish Tetrastichus radiatus Waterston a primary parasite of D. citri in Taiwan. In: L.W. Timmer, S.M. Garnsey and L. Navarr, ed., Proceedings of the X 10CV meeting. 265Ð268. Chiu, S.C. and Cheng, H.H. 1957. A field survey of the population density of the pineapple mealybug and red mite in Formosa (Taiwan). Agricultural Research 6: 41Ð57. Choi, S.Y. and Kim, G.H. 1985. Aphidivorus activity of a coccinellid beetle, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). (in Korean, English summary). Korean Journal of Plant Protection 24: 11Ð14 (Review of Applied Entomology (A) 74: 5592, 1986). Chong, G.F. 1975. The effects of host plants on the biology of Dysdercus cingulatus (Fabr.). Batchelor of Agricultural Science Project, University of Malaya. Chou, I. and Xiang, L. 1982. Seven new species of aphidiidae from Shaanxi Province (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) (in Chinese, English summary). Entomotaxonomia 4: 39Ð47. Chou, L.Y. 1981a. A preliminary list of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) of Taiwan. Journal of Agricultural Research of China 30: 71Ð88.
372 Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects Chou, L.Y. 1981b. The genera of Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in Taiwan. Journal of Agricultural Research of China 30: 308Ð323. Chou, L.Y. 1984. The Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera) of Taiwan. MSc Thesis, National Chung- Hsing University, Taiwan 143pp. Chu and Chou 1965. Quoted from Talekar 1990. Chu, J.T. 1934. Preliminary notes on the ichneumon flies in Kiangsu and Chekiang Provinces, China. Yearbook, Bureau of Entomology, Hangchow: 732. (Review of Applied Entomology (A) 24: 105, 1936). Chu, J.T. and Hsia, S.H. 1935. A list of the Chekiang and Kiangsu chalcids and proctotrupids in the Bureau of Entomology, Hangchow, with records of hosts. Entomology and Phytopathology 3(20): 394Ð398. (Review of Applied Entomology (A) 23: 622, 1935). Chu, Y.I. and Chien, C.C. 1991. Utilization of natural enemies to control psyllid vectors transmitting citrus greening. In: K. Kiritani, H. Su and Y. Chu, ed., Integrated Control of Plant Virus Diseases. FFTC 14 Wenchow St, Taipei 10616, Taiwan. 135Ð145 Chu, Y.I. and Chu, C.M. 1975. Life history and the effect of temperature on the growth of Eucanthecona furcellata (Wolff). Plant Protection Bulletin, Taiwan. 17: 99Ð114. CIBC 1987. CIBC Report AprilÐDecember 1986. C.A.B. International, Institute of Biological Control. CIBC 1988a. CIBC Annual Report 1987. C.A.B. International, Institute of Biological Control. CIBC 1988b. News from CIBC, No. 9, December 1988, 8pp. CIE 1974a. Distribution maps of pests: Ophiomyia phaseoli (Tryon). Commonwealth Institute of Entomology Map No. 130. CIE 1974b. Distribution maps of pests: Trichoplusia ni (Hb.). Commonwealth Institute of Entomology Map No. 328. CIE 1976. Distribution maps of pests, Series A (Agricultural) No. 364. Leucinodes orbonalis. Commonwealth Institute of Entomology. CIE 1978. Distribution map of Anomis flava (F.). Distribution Maps of Pests, Series A, Agricultural No. 379. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux. CIE 1981. Commonwealth Institute of Entomology. Distribution maps of pests. Series A (Agricultural). Map No. 70 (revised), January 1981. Hypothenemus hampei (Ferr.). CIE 1983. Distribution maps of pests. Agrius convolvuli (L.). Map No. 451. Commonwealth Institute of Entomology.
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Biological Control of Insect Pests:
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ii The Australian Centre for Intern
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iv 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Natural enem
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vi 4.14 4.15 4.16 Phyllocnistis cit
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1 Abstract Introduction 1 Biologica
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3 Introduction Introduction 3 Water
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Figure 1. Introduction 5 integratio
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Introduction 7 necessary those used
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10 Biological Control of Insect Pes
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Table 4.1.1 Natural enemies of Agri
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Table 4.2.1 Average figures (days)
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Table 4.2.2 Natural enemies of Anom
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Table 4.2.2 (contÕd) Natural enemi
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Table 3 Order No. of +s 26 1. 41 2.
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4.4 Aphis gossypii India Myanmar ++
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Host plants Damage 4.4 Aphis gossyp
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4.4 Aphis gossypii the abundance of
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 59 Under humid c
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Table 4.4.3 Releases for the biolog
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 63 that the lyco
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IRAQ ISRAEL 4.4 Aphis gossypii 65 d
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 67 Lysiphlebus t
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USA USSR 4.4 Aphis gossypii 69 Lysi
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 71 the posterior
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 73 Aphidius cole
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 75 Ephedrus plag
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 77 as attacking
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Diptera 4.4 Aphis gossypii 79 insta
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 81 probing) of s
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 83 open fields w
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Table 4.5.1 Insect predators of Cos
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Table 4.5.1 (contÕd) Insect predat
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Table 4.5.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.5.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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100 Biological Control of Insect Pe
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Table 4.7.2 (contÕd) Diaphorina ci
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Table 4.7.4 (contÕd) Hyperparasito
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Table 4.7.5 (contÕd) Hyperparsitoi
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes India 20°
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Biology 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 14
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Natural enemies 4.9 Dysmicoccus bre
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Table 4.9.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.9.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 153 INDONE
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TRINIDAD USA 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevip
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei India 20°
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Biology 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 15
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 161 tissue
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Host plants 4.10 Hypothenemus hampe
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 165 the en
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 167 remain
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Table 4.10.1 (contÕd) Natural enem
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Asia 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 171 C
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Table 4.10.2 (contÕd) Introduction
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 175 relati
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 177 to 30%
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 179 P. nas
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 181 Planta
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 183 Asian
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Table 4.11.1 Development times, and
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Table 4.11.2 Natural enemies of Leu
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4.12 Nezara viridula India Myanmar
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Biology Damage 4.12 Nezara viridula
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4.12 Nezara viridula 201 which cons
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Table 4.12.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids
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4.12 Nezara viridula 209 attracted
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Table 4.12.2 Introductions for the
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4.12 Nezara viridula 217 Doubt has
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4.12 Nezara viridula 219 Africa and
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BRAZIL 4.12 Nezara viridula 221 par
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4.12 Nezara viridula 223 parasitisa
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4.12 Nezara viridula 225 Anastatus
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THAILAND TONGA USA VANUATU 4.12 Nez
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4.12 Nezara viridula 229 Gryon sp.
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4.12 Nezara viridula 231 reproducti
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4.12 Nezara viridula 233 Ectophasio
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli India Myanm
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Biology Host plants 4.13 Ophiomyia
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Natural enemies 4.13 Ophiomyia phas
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EGYPT ETHIOPIA 4.13 Ophiomyia phase
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 247 Three a
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Attempts at biological control 4.13
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The more important parasitoids 4.13
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 253 its hos
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Comment 4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 255
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The Major Invertebrate Pests and We
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4.15 Planococcus citri India 20° M
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Biology Host plants 4.15 Planococcu
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Table 4.15.1 Predators of Planococc
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.2 Parasitoids of Planoco
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4.15 Planococcus citri 299 The ency
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BRAZIL CHILE CHINA CUBA CYPRUS FRAN
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ISRAEL 4.15 Planococcus citri 303 R
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4.15 Planococcus citri 305 When the
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Table 4.15.4 Introductions for the
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Biology of important natural enemie
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4.15 Planococcus citri 313 Diomus p
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Comments 4.15 Planococcus citri 315
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni India 20° Mya
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Host plants 4.16 Trichoplusia ni 31
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Page 324 and 325: 5 References 349 Abasa, R.O. 1975.
Page 326 and 327: References 351 Alfaro, F., Garcia-M
Page 328 and 329: References 353 Argyriou, L.C. 1970.
Page 330 and 331: References 355 Ayoub, M.A. 1960. Ph
Page 332 and 333: References 357 Barrera, J.F., Gomez
Page 334 and 335: References 359 Beattie, G.A.C. and
Page 336 and 337: References 361 Berkani, A. 1995. Re
Page 338 and 339: References 363 Boling, J.C. and Pit
Page 340 and 341: References 365 Brun, L.O., Marcilla
Page 342 and 343: References 367 Cantrell, B.K. 1984.
Page 344 and 345: References 369 Cenda-a, S.M., Gabri
Page 348 and 349: References 373 CIE 1985. Distributi
Page 350 and 351: References 375 Compere, H. 1939. Me
Page 352 and 353: References 377 Crouzel, I.S. and Sa
Page 354 and 355: References 379 De Oliveira Filho, M
Page 356 and 357: References 381 Ding, Y., Li, M. and
Page 358 and 359: References 383 Elliott, N.C., Frenc
Page 360 and 361: References 385 Ferreira, A.J. and B
Page 362 and 363: References 387 Foerster, L.A., Quei
Page 364 and 365: References 389 Garcia, A. and Barri
Page 366 and 367: References 391 Godin, C. and Boivin
Page 368 and 369: References 393 Guido, A.S. and Ruff
Page 370 and 371: References 395 Hayat, M. and Lin, K
Page 372 and 373: References 397 Hofmaster, R.N. 1961
Page 374 and 375: References 399 Huo, S.T., Wei, Z.G.
Page 376 and 377: References 401 Jackson, C.G., Neema
Page 378 and 379: References 403 Jones, W.A. 1979. Th
Page 380 and 381: References 405 Kester, K.M., Smith,
Page 382 and 383: References 407 Komazaki, S. 1993. B
Page 384 and 385: References 409 Kushida, T., Katagir
Page 386 and 387: References 411 Lee, S.C., Yoo, J.K.
Page 388 and 389: References 413 Liljesthršm, G.G. 1
Page 390 and 391: References 415 Lo, K.C. and Chiu, S
Page 392 and 393: References 417 Manjunath, T.M. 1972
Page 394 and 395: References 419 McCutcheon, G.S. and
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References 421 Michael, P.J. 1981.
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References 423 Moreira, G.R.P. and
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References 425 Nakahara, M. and Kai
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References 427 Nixon, G.E.J. 1937.
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References 429 Oncuer, C. and Bayha
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References 431 Panis, A. 1977. Pseu
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References 433 Pe-a, J.E., Gilbin-D
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References 435 Prinsloo, G.L. 1985.
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References 437 Reddy, K.B. and Bhat
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References 439 Roepke, W. 1912. On
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References 441 Saha, J.L. and Agarw
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References 443 Schlinger, E.I. and
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References 445 Shi, D.S. 1984. Stud
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References 447 Singh, R. and Bhatt,
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References 449 Sinha, T.B. and Sing
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References 451 Soldevila, A.I. and
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References 453 Starù, P. and Ghosh
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References 455 Steinkraus, D.C., Sl
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References 457 Swezey, O.H. 1931. R
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References 459 Tewari, G.C. and Sar
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References 461 Tranfaglia, A. 1979.
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References 463 Ujiye, T. 1990. Stud
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References 465 van Steenis, M.J. 19
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References 467 Vinson, S.B. and Sto
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References 469 Waterston, J. 1915.
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References 471 Wilson, C.G. 1991. N
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References 473 Xu, C.F., Xia, Y.H.,
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References 475 Zhang, X.L. 1987. Pr
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