Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects - EcoPort

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References 447 Singh, R. and Bhatt, N. 1988. Bionomics of an aphidiid parasitoid Trioxys indicus Subba Rao and Sharma. 27. Impact of host plants on the functional interactions of the parasitoid with its host Aphis gossypii Glover. Himalayan Journal of Environment and Zoology 2: 10Ð15 (from Singh and Agarwala 1992). Singh, R. and Pandey, R.K. 1986. Bionomics of Trioxys (Binodoxys) indicus Subba Rao and Sharma, an aphidiid parasitoid of Aphis craccivora Koch. 21. Impact of host age on the proportion of females in F1 populations. Journal of Applied Entomology 101: 274Ð278. Singh, R. and Rao, S.N. 1995. Biological control of Aphis gossypii Glover on cucurbits by a parasitic wasp Trioxys indicus Subba Rao and Sharma. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 12: 227Ð236. Singh, R. and Sinha, T.B. 1980a. Bionomics of Trioxys (Binodoxys) indicus Subba Rao and Sharma, an aphidiid parasitoid of Aphis craccivora Koch. V. The extent of hyperparasitism. Journal of Applied Entomology 90: 141Ð146. Singh, R. and Sinha, T.B. 1980b. Bionomics of Trioxys (Binodoxys) indicus Subba Rao and Sharma, an aphidiid parasitoid of Aphis craccivora Koch. VI. Occurrence of non-productive mummies in the field population. Journal of Applied Entomology 90: 233Ð237. Singh, R. and Sinha, T.B. 1980c. Bionomics of Trioxys (Binodoxys) indicus Subba Rao and Sharma, an aphidiid parasitoid of Aphis craccivora Koch. VII. Sex ratio of the parasitoid in field populations. Entomon 5: 269Ð275. Singh, R. and Sinha, T.B. 1982a. Bionomics of Trioxys (Binodoxys) indicus Subba Rao and Sharma, an aphidiid parasitoid of Aphis craccivora Koch. XIII. Host selection by the parasitoid. Journal of Applied Entomology 93: 64Ð75. Singh, R. and Sinha, T.B. 1982b. Factors responsible for the superparasitic activity of the parasitoid wasp Trioxys indicus (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Entomologia Generalis 7: 295Ð300. Singh, R. and Sinha, T.B. 1983. Trioxys (Binodoxys) indicus Subba Rao and Sharma as a possible biological control of Aphis craccivora Koch. Pranikee 4: 245Ð250 (Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, 73: 886, 1985). Singh, R., Sinha, T.B. and Sinha, K.P. 1979. Studies on the bionomics of Trioxys (Binodoxys) indicus Subba Rao and Sharma (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), a parasitoid of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera, Aphididae) pest of pigeon peas. IV. Functional response of the parasitoid. Entomon 4: 331Ð334. Singh, R. and Srivastava, M. 1988a. Effect of cold storage on mummies of Aphis craccivora Koch subjected to different pre-storage temperatures on percent emergence of Trioxys indicus Subba Rao and Sharma. Insect Science and its Application 9: 655Ð657.
448 Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects Singh, R. and Srivastava, M. 1991. Effect of host extract on the life table of the parasitoid, Trioxys indicus Subba Rao and Sharma (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Journal of Aphidology 4: 93Ð97. Singh, R. and Srivastava, P.N. 1988b. Host-acceptance behaviour of Alloxysta pleuralis, a cynipoid hyperparasitoid of an aphidiid parasitoid Trioxys indicus on aphids. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 47: 89Ð94. Singh, R. and Tripathi, R.N. 1987. Records of aphid parasitoids from Terai belt of eastern Uttar Pradesh. Journal of Aphidology 1: 89Ð92 (from Singh and Agarwala 1992). Singh, S. 1982. Ecology of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) associated with leguminous crops in India. Memoirs of the School of Entomology, St Johns College, Agra, 8. 126pp (Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, 71: 3574, 1983). Singh, S.P. and Rao, N.S. 1978. Relative susceptibility of different species/varieties of citrus to leaf-miner, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton. Proceedings of the International Society for Citriculture 174Ð177 (Singh et al. 1988). Singh, S.P., Rao, N.S., Kumar, K.K. and Bhumannavar, B.S. 1988. Field screening of citrus germplasm against the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton. Indian Journal of Entomology 50: 69Ð75. Singh, S.R. and van Emden, H.F. 1979. Insect pests of grain legumes. Annual Review of Entomology 24: 255Ð278. Singh, S.R., van Emden, H.F. and Taylor. T.A., ed., 1978 Pests of Grain Legumes: Ecology and Control. Academic Press. 454pp. Singh, T.V.K., Satyanarayana, P. and Goud, T.R. 1991. Studies on the biology of French bean stem fly, Ophiomyia phaseoli (Tryon). Journal of Insect Science 4: 172Ð173. Singh, Z. 1973. Southern green stink bug and its relationship to soybeans. Metropolitan, Delhi (from Jones 1988). Sinha, M.K., Batra, R.C. and Uppal, D.K. 1972. Role of citrus leaf miner Phyllocnistis citrella on the prevalence and severity of citrus canker, Xanthomonas citri. Madras Agricultural Journal 59: 240Ð245. Sinha, N.K. and McLaren, D.G. 1989. Screening for resistance to tomato fruitworm and cabbage looper among tomato accessions. Crop Science 29: 861Ð868. Sinha, T.B. and Singh, R. 1980a. Bionomics of Trioxys (Binodoxys) indicus, an aphidiid parasitoid of Aphis craccivora. III. Numerical aspects of the interaction of the parasitoid and its host. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 28: 167Ð176.
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Biological Control of Insect Pests:
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ii The Australian Centre for Intern
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iv 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Natural enem
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vi 4.14 4.15 4.16 Phyllocnistis cit
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1 Abstract Introduction 1 Biologica
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3 Introduction Introduction 3 Water
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Figure 1. Introduction 5 integratio
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Introduction 7 necessary those used
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10 Biological Control of Insect Pes
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Table 4.1.1 Natural enemies of Agri
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Table 4.2.1 Average figures (days)
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Table 4.2.2 Natural enemies of Anom
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Table 4.2.2 (contÕd) Natural enemi
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Table 3 Order No. of +s 26 1. 41 2.
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4.4 Aphis gossypii India Myanmar ++
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Host plants Damage 4.4 Aphis gossyp
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4.4 Aphis gossypii the abundance of
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 59 Under humid c
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Table 4.4.3 Releases for the biolog
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 63 that the lyco
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IRAQ ISRAEL 4.4 Aphis gossypii 65 d
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 67 Lysiphlebus t
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USA USSR 4.4 Aphis gossypii 69 Lysi
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 71 the posterior
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 73 Aphidius cole
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 75 Ephedrus plag
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 77 as attacking
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Diptera 4.4 Aphis gossypii 79 insta
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 81 probing) of s
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 83 open fields w
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Table 4.5.1 Insect predators of Cos
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Table 4.5.1 (contÕd) Insect predat
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Table 4.5.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.5.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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100 Biological Control of Insect Pe
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Table 4.7.2 (contÕd) Diaphorina ci
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Table 4.7.4 (contÕd) Hyperparasito
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Table 4.7.5 (contÕd) Hyperparsitoi
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes India 20°
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Biology 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 14
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Natural enemies 4.9 Dysmicoccus bre
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Table 4.9.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.9.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 153 INDONE
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TRINIDAD USA 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevip
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei India 20°
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Biology 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 15
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 161 tissue
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Host plants 4.10 Hypothenemus hampe
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 165 the en
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 167 remain
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Table 4.10.1 (contÕd) Natural enem
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Asia 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 171 C
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Table 4.10.2 (contÕd) Introduction
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 175 relati
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 177 to 30%
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 179 P. nas
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 181 Planta
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 183 Asian
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Table 4.11.1 Development times, and
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Table 4.11.2 Natural enemies of Leu
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4.12 Nezara viridula India Myanmar
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Biology Damage 4.12 Nezara viridula
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4.12 Nezara viridula 201 which cons
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Table 4.12.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids
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4.12 Nezara viridula 209 attracted
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Table 4.12.2 Introductions for the
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4.12 Nezara viridula 217 Doubt has
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4.12 Nezara viridula 219 Africa and
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BRAZIL 4.12 Nezara viridula 221 par
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4.12 Nezara viridula 223 parasitisa
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4.12 Nezara viridula 225 Anastatus
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THAILAND TONGA USA VANUATU 4.12 Nez
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4.12 Nezara viridula 229 Gryon sp.
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4.12 Nezara viridula 231 reproducti
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4.12 Nezara viridula 233 Ectophasio
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli India Myanm
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Biology Host plants 4.13 Ophiomyia
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Natural enemies 4.13 Ophiomyia phas
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EGYPT ETHIOPIA 4.13 Ophiomyia phase
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 247 Three a
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Attempts at biological control 4.13
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The more important parasitoids 4.13
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 253 its hos
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Comment 4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 255
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The Major Invertebrate Pests and We
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4.15 Planococcus citri India 20° M
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Biology Host plants 4.15 Planococcu
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Table 4.15.1 Predators of Planococc
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.2 Parasitoids of Planoco
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4.15 Planococcus citri 299 The ency
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BRAZIL CHILE CHINA CUBA CYPRUS FRAN
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ISRAEL 4.15 Planococcus citri 303 R
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4.15 Planococcus citri 305 When the
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Table 4.15.4 Introductions for the
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Biology of important natural enemie
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4.15 Planococcus citri 313 Diomus p
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Comments 4.15 Planococcus citri 315
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni India 20° Mya
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Host plants 4.16 Trichoplusia ni 31
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 321 describing
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Table 4.16.2 (contÕd) Some predato
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Table 4.16.2 (contÕd) Some predato
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 335 Introducti
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 337 Table 4.16
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Table 4.16.6 Natural enemies of Tri
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 341 It was sug
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 343 13.85 days
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 345 Voria rura
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 347 when 2nd o
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5 References 349 Abasa, R.O. 1975.
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References 351 Alfaro, F., Garcia-M
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References 353 Argyriou, L.C. 1970.
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References 355 Ayoub, M.A. 1960. Ph
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References 357 Barrera, J.F., Gomez
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References 359 Beattie, G.A.C. and
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References 361 Berkani, A. 1995. Re
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References 363 Boling, J.C. and Pit
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References 365 Brun, L.O., Marcilla
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References 367 Cantrell, B.K. 1984.
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References 369 Cenda-a, S.M., Gabri
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References 371 Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.
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References 373 CIE 1985. Distributi
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References 375 Compere, H. 1939. Me
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References 377 Crouzel, I.S. and Sa
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References 379 De Oliveira Filho, M
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References 381 Ding, Y., Li, M. and
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References 383 Elliott, N.C., Frenc
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References 385 Ferreira, A.J. and B
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References 387 Foerster, L.A., Quei
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References 389 Garcia, A. and Barri
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References 391 Godin, C. and Boivin
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References 393 Guido, A.S. and Ruff
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References 395 Hayat, M. and Lin, K
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