Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects - EcoPort

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6 Index of scientific names of insects Abacetus optimus Peringuey Col.: Carabidae 90 abdominale, Dactylosternum abdominalis, Aphelinus abjectella, Drosica abjectum, Praon abnormis, Leptomastidea abrupta, Platysoma absinthii, Aphidius absinthii, Praon acaenovinae, Aphis acalephae, Trioxys acantha, Pediobius Acanthocoris concoloratus Uhler Hem.: Pentatomidae 233 Acaulona brasiliana Townsend Dip.: Tachinidae 139 achaeae, Trichogramma Achaetoneura archippivora (Williston) Dip.: Tachinidae 327, 348 achaetoneura, Lespesia Achrysocharis Hym.: Eulophidae 251 Achrysocharis douglasi, see Chrysonotomyia douglasi 251 Achrysocharoides Hym.: Eulophidae 266, 275, 277 Achrysophagus Hym.: Encyrtidae 294, 297 acrobates, Telenomus Acroclissoides Hym.: Pteromalidae 201, 228 Acrosternum Hem.: Pentatomidae 208 Acrosternum aseadum Rolston Hem.: Pentatomidae 208 Acrosternum gramineum (Fabricius) Hem.: Pentatomidae 205 Acrosternum hilare (Say) Hem.: Pentatomidae 205, 208, 230 Acrosternum marginatum Palisot de Beauvois Hem.: Pentatomidae 208 Acrosternum pennsylvanicum Palisot de Beauvois Hem.: Pentatomidae 208 acuminatus, Aenasius acuta, Chrysodeixis Adialytus salicaphis (Fitch) Hym.: Aphidiidae 37, 66 Adonia variegata (Goeze) Col.: Coccinellidae 43 aegyptiacus, Prochiloneurus aegyptius, Ischiodon 477
478 Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects aegyptius, Xanthogramma Aenasius Hym.: Encyrtidae 149 Aenasius acuminatus Kerrich Hym.: Encyrtidae 147 Aenasius colombiensis Compere Hym.: Encyrtidae 149 Aenasius theobromae Kerrich Hym.: Encyrtidae 147 aequalis, Pimpla affine, Calosoma affinis, Cryptolaemus africanus, Mesochorus africanus, Stictopisthus africanus, Syrphophagus Ageniaspis Hym.: Encyrtidae 123, 125, 265 Ageniaspis citricola Logvinovskaya Hym.: Encyrtidae 257, 265, 272Ð280, 282, 285 Agonoscelis rutila (Fabricius) Hem.: Pentatomidae 218 agraules, Pnigalio agrestoria, Echthromorpha agriae, Trichogramma Agrius convolvuli (Linnaeus) Lep.: Sphingidae 1, 2, 9Ð16 Agromyza Dip.: Agromyzidae 236 Agromyza obtusa, see Melanagromyza obtusa 236 Agromyza phaseoli, see Ophiomyia phaseoli 236 agromyzae, Neodimmockia agromyzae, Sphegigaster agromyzae, Trigonogastra alaskensis, Microplitis albiceps, Phytomyza albicollis, Hyperaspis albipes, Pleurotropitiella albizonalis, Autocharis albizonalis, Deanolis albizonalis, Noorda Alcaeorrhynchus grandis (Dallas) Col.: Pentatomidae 330 Aleiodes Hym.: Braconidae 21, 23, 28 Aleiodes aligharensi (Quadri) Hym.: Braconidae 21, 23, 28 aliberti, Brachymeria aligarhensis, Diaphorencyrtus aligharensi, Aleiodes Allograpta nasuta (Macquart) Dip.: Syrphidae 43
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Biological Control of Insect Pests:
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ii The Australian Centre for Intern
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iv 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Natural enem
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vi 4.14 4.15 4.16 Phyllocnistis cit
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1 Abstract Introduction 1 Biologica
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3 Introduction Introduction 3 Water
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Figure 1. Introduction 5 integratio
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Introduction 7 necessary those used
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10 Biological Control of Insect Pes
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Table 4.1.1 Natural enemies of Agri
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Table 4.2.1 Average figures (days)
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Table 4.2.2 Natural enemies of Anom
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Table 4.2.2 (contÕd) Natural enemi
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Table 3 Order No. of +s 26 1. 41 2.
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4.4 Aphis gossypii India Myanmar ++
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Host plants Damage 4.4 Aphis gossyp
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4.4 Aphis gossypii the abundance of
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 59 Under humid c
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Table 4.4.3 Releases for the biolog
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 63 that the lyco
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IRAQ ISRAEL 4.4 Aphis gossypii 65 d
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 67 Lysiphlebus t
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USA USSR 4.4 Aphis gossypii 69 Lysi
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 71 the posterior
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 73 Aphidius cole
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 75 Ephedrus plag
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 77 as attacking
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Diptera 4.4 Aphis gossypii 79 insta
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 81 probing) of s
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 83 open fields w
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Table 4.5.1 Insect predators of Cos
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Table 4.5.1 (contÕd) Insect predat
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Table 4.5.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.5.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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100 Biological Control of Insect Pe
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Table 4.7.2 (contÕd) Diaphorina ci
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Table 4.7.4 (contÕd) Hyperparasito
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Table 4.7.5 (contÕd) Hyperparsitoi
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes India 20°
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Biology 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 14
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Natural enemies 4.9 Dysmicoccus bre
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Table 4.9.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.9.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 153 INDONE
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TRINIDAD USA 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevip
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei India 20°
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Biology 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 15
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 161 tissue
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Host plants 4.10 Hypothenemus hampe
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 165 the en
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 167 remain
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Table 4.10.1 (contÕd) Natural enem
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Asia 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 171 C
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Table 4.10.2 (contÕd) Introduction
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 175 relati
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 177 to 30%
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 179 P. nas
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 181 Planta
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 183 Asian
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Table 4.11.1 Development times, and
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Table 4.11.2 Natural enemies of Leu
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4.12 Nezara viridula India Myanmar
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Biology Damage 4.12 Nezara viridula
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4.12 Nezara viridula 201 which cons
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Table 4.12.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids
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4.12 Nezara viridula 209 attracted
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Table 4.12.2 Introductions for the
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4.12 Nezara viridula 217 Doubt has
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4.12 Nezara viridula 219 Africa and
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BRAZIL 4.12 Nezara viridula 221 par
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4.12 Nezara viridula 223 parasitisa
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4.12 Nezara viridula 225 Anastatus
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THAILAND TONGA USA VANUATU 4.12 Nez
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4.12 Nezara viridula 229 Gryon sp.
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4.12 Nezara viridula 231 reproducti
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4.12 Nezara viridula 233 Ectophasio
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli India Myanm
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Biology Host plants 4.13 Ophiomyia
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Natural enemies 4.13 Ophiomyia phas
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EGYPT ETHIOPIA 4.13 Ophiomyia phase
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 247 Three a
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Attempts at biological control 4.13
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The more important parasitoids 4.13
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 253 its hos
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Comment 4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 255
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The Major Invertebrate Pests and We
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4.15 Planococcus citri India 20° M
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Biology Host plants 4.15 Planococcu
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Table 4.15.1 Predators of Planococc
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.2 Parasitoids of Planoco
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4.15 Planococcus citri 299 The ency
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BRAZIL CHILE CHINA CUBA CYPRUS FRAN
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ISRAEL 4.15 Planococcus citri 303 R
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4.15 Planococcus citri 305 When the
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Table 4.15.4 Introductions for the
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Biology of important natural enemie
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4.15 Planococcus citri 313 Diomus p
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Comments 4.15 Planococcus citri 315
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni India 20° Mya
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Host plants 4.16 Trichoplusia ni 31
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 321 describing
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Table 4.16.2 (contÕd) Some predato
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Table 4.16.2 (contÕd) Some predato
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 335 Introducti
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 337 Table 4.16
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Table 4.16.6 Natural enemies of Tri
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 341 It was sug
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 343 13.85 days
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 345 Voria rura
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 347 when 2nd o
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5 References 349 Abasa, R.O. 1975.
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References 351 Alfaro, F., Garcia-M
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References 353 Argyriou, L.C. 1970.
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References 355 Ayoub, M.A. 1960. Ph
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References 357 Barrera, J.F., Gomez
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References 359 Beattie, G.A.C. and
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References 361 Berkani, A. 1995. Re
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References 363 Boling, J.C. and Pit
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References 365 Brun, L.O., Marcilla
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References 367 Cantrell, B.K. 1984.
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References 369 Cenda-a, S.M., Gabri
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References 371 Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.
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References 373 CIE 1985. Distributi
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References 375 Compere, H. 1939. Me
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References 377 Crouzel, I.S. and Sa
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References 379 De Oliveira Filho, M
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References 381 Ding, Y., Li, M. and
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References 383 Elliott, N.C., Frenc
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References 385 Ferreira, A.J. and B
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References 387 Foerster, L.A., Quei
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References 389 Garcia, A. and Barri
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References 391 Godin, C. and Boivin
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References 393 Guido, A.S. and Ruff
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References 395 Hayat, M. and Lin, K
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References 397 Hofmaster, R.N. 1961
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References 399 Huo, S.T., Wei, Z.G.
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References 401 Jackson, C.G., Neema
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References 403 Jones, W.A. 1979. Th
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References 405 Kester, K.M., Smith,
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References 407 Komazaki, S. 1993. B
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References 409 Kushida, T., Katagir
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References 411 Lee, S.C., Yoo, J.K.
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References 413 Liljesthršm, G.G. 1
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References 415 Lo, K.C. and Chiu, S
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References 417 Manjunath, T.M. 1972
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References 419 McCutcheon, G.S. and
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References 421 Michael, P.J. 1981.
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References 423 Moreira, G.R.P. and
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