Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects - EcoPort

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References 359 Beattie, G.A.C. and Smith, D. 1993. Citrus leafminer. Agfacts, H2.AE.4. NSW Agriculture. 6pp. Beattie, G.A.C., Somsook, V., Watson, D.M., Clift, A.D. and Jiang, L. 1995b. Field evaluation of Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and selected pesticides and enhancers for control of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 34: 335Ð342. Beauhaire, J., Ducrot, P.H., Malosse, C., Rochat, D., Ndiege, I.O. and Otieno, D.O. 1995. Identification and synthesis of sordidin, a male pheromone emitted by Cosmopolites sordidus. Tetrahedron Letters 36: 1043Ð1046. Becarri, F. 1967. Contributo alla conoscenza del Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Revista di Agricultura Subtropicale e Tropicale 61: 51Ð93. Bedford, E.C.G. 1964. Recent biological control projects and the further application of biological control. Symposium on entomological problems. Technical Communication, Department of Agriculture. Technical Services, South Africa 12: 188Ð195. Bedford, E.C.G. 1976. Citrus pest management in South Africa. Proceedings Tall Timbers Conference on Ecological Animal Control by Habitat Management. No 6. Feb. 28ÐMarch 1, 1974, Gainsville, Florida 19Ð42. Beegle, C.C. and Oatman, E.R. 1974. Differential susceptibility of parasitised and nonparasitised larvae of Trichoplusia ni to a nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 24: 188Ð193. Beegle, C.C. and Oatman, E.R. 1975. Effect of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus on the relationship between Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and the parasite, Hyposoter exiguae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 25: 59Ð71. Begemann, H. 1926. Report of the entomologist of the Coffee Berry Borer Fund for the period 3 December 1924Ð31 December 1925. Mededelingen van het Koffiebessenboeboek-Fonds, No. 14: 194Ð207 (Review of Applied Entomology (A) 14: 437, 1926). Begunov, V.I. and Storozhkov, Y.V. 1986. We are developing the biological method (in Russian). Zashchita Rastenii 9: 8Ð9 (Review of Applied Entomology (A) 77: 9934, 1989). Behrendt, K. 1968. Das Abwandern parasitierter Aphiden von ihren Wirtspflanzen und eine Methode zu ihren Erfassung. Beitrage zŸr Entomologie 18: 293Ð298. Beingolea, G.O. 1969. Biological control of citrus pests in Peru. Proceedings, 1st International Citrus Symposium 2: 827Ð838.
360 Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects Beirne, B.P. 1942. Observations on the life history of Praon volucre Halliday (Hym: Braconidae) a parasite of the mealy plum aphis (Hyalopterus arundinis Fab.). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (A) 17: 42Ð47. Belikova, E.V. and Kosaev, E.M. 1985. The biology of the most important species of Coccinellidae and their role in controlling aphids in a cotton-lucerne rotation (in Russian). Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Turkmenskoi-SSR 5: 61Ð63 (Review of Applied Entomology (A) 75: 5047, 1987). Beller, S. and Bhenchitr, P. 1936. A preliminary list of insect pests and their host plants in Siam. Technical Bulletin 1. Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Bangkok, Siam. Benassi, V.R.L.M. 1995. Survey of natural enemies of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferr.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in northern Esperito Santo. (in Portuguese, English summary). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil 24: 635Ð638. Benassi, V.R.L.M. and Berti-Filho 1989. Note on the occurrence of Cephalonomia sp. (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) parasitising the coffee borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari 1867) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Esperito Santo State (in Portuguese). Revista de Agricultura 64: 105Ð106. Benfatto, D. 1995. The citrus leaf-miner: a new pest present in Italy. Informatore Agrario 51(4): 79Ð80. Bennett, F.D. 1955. Encyrtidae from Trinidad B.W.I. 1. Three species of Pseudaphycus reared from mealybugs. Canadian Entomologist 87: 413Ð416. Bennett, F.D. 1985. First records of hymenopterous parasites of aphids from Trinidad, West Indies. Florida Entomologist 68: 227Ð228. Bennett, F.D. 1990. Potential for biological control of the stink bug Nezara viridula, a pest of macadamias. Acta Horticulture: Tropical and Subtropical Fruits pp. 679Ð684. Bennett, F.D. and Hughes, I.W. 1959. Biological control of insect pests in Bermuda. Bulletin of Entomological Research 50: 423Ð436. Bennett, F.D., Rosen, D., Cochereau, P. and Wood, B.J. 1976. Biological control of pests of tropical fruits and nuts. (pp. 359Ð395 in Huffaker and Messenger 1976). Benoit, P.L.G. 1957. A new Sclerodermus harmful to man in Central Africa. Bulletin et Annales de la SociŽtŽ Royale Entomologique de Belgique 93, I.II: 42Ð46. Bergamin, J. 1943. Contribution to the knowledge of the biology of the coffee borer. Archivos do Instituto Biol—gico 14: 31Ð72 (Review of Applied Entomology (A) 33: 203, 1945). Bergmann, E.C., Fernandes, S.C.S. and De Faria, A.M. 1994. Outbreak of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, 1908 (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), in citrus orchards in the state of S‹o Paulo (In Portuguese). Biologico 56: 22Ð25.
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Biological Control of Insect Pests:
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ii The Australian Centre for Intern
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iv 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Natural enem
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vi 4.14 4.15 4.16 Phyllocnistis cit
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1 Abstract Introduction 1 Biologica
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3 Introduction Introduction 3 Water
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Figure 1. Introduction 5 integratio
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Introduction 7 necessary those used
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10 Biological Control of Insect Pes
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Table 4.1.1 Natural enemies of Agri
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Table 4.2.1 Average figures (days)
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Table 4.2.2 Natural enemies of Anom
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Table 4.2.2 (contÕd) Natural enemi
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Table 3 Order No. of +s 26 1. 41 2.
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4.4 Aphis gossypii India Myanmar ++
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Host plants Damage 4.4 Aphis gossyp
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4.4 Aphis gossypii the abundance of
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 59 Under humid c
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Table 4.4.3 Releases for the biolog
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 63 that the lyco
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IRAQ ISRAEL 4.4 Aphis gossypii 65 d
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 67 Lysiphlebus t
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USA USSR 4.4 Aphis gossypii 69 Lysi
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 71 the posterior
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 73 Aphidius cole
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 75 Ephedrus plag
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 77 as attacking
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Diptera 4.4 Aphis gossypii 79 insta
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 81 probing) of s
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 83 open fields w
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Table 4.5.1 Insect predators of Cos
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Table 4.5.1 (contÕd) Insect predat
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Table 4.5.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.5.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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100 Biological Control of Insect Pe
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Table 4.7.2 (contÕd) Diaphorina ci
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Table 4.7.4 (contÕd) Hyperparasito
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Table 4.7.5 (contÕd) Hyperparsitoi
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes India 20°
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Biology 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 14
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Natural enemies 4.9 Dysmicoccus bre
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Table 4.9.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.9.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 153 INDONE
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TRINIDAD USA 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevip
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei India 20°
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Biology 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 15
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 161 tissue
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Host plants 4.10 Hypothenemus hampe
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 165 the en
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 167 remain
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Table 4.10.1 (contÕd) Natural enem
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Asia 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 171 C
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Table 4.10.2 (contÕd) Introduction
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 175 relati
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 177 to 30%
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 179 P. nas
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 181 Planta
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 183 Asian
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Table 4.11.1 Development times, and
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Table 4.11.2 Natural enemies of Leu
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4.12 Nezara viridula India Myanmar
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Biology Damage 4.12 Nezara viridula
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4.12 Nezara viridula 201 which cons
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Table 4.12.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids
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4.12 Nezara viridula 209 attracted
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Table 4.12.2 Introductions for the
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4.12 Nezara viridula 217 Doubt has
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4.12 Nezara viridula 219 Africa and
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BRAZIL 4.12 Nezara viridula 221 par
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4.12 Nezara viridula 223 parasitisa
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4.12 Nezara viridula 225 Anastatus
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THAILAND TONGA USA VANUATU 4.12 Nez
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4.12 Nezara viridula 229 Gryon sp.
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4.12 Nezara viridula 231 reproducti
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4.12 Nezara viridula 233 Ectophasio
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli India Myanm
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Biology Host plants 4.13 Ophiomyia
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Natural enemies 4.13 Ophiomyia phas
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EGYPT ETHIOPIA 4.13 Ophiomyia phase
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 247 Three a
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Attempts at biological control 4.13
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The more important parasitoids 4.13
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 253 its hos
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Comment 4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 255
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The Major Invertebrate Pests and We
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4.15 Planococcus citri India 20° M
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Biology Host plants 4.15 Planococcu
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Table 4.15.1 Predators of Planococc
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.2 Parasitoids of Planoco
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4.15 Planococcus citri 299 The ency
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BRAZIL CHILE CHINA CUBA CYPRUS FRAN
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ISRAEL 4.15 Planococcus citri 303 R
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4.15 Planococcus citri 305 When the
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Table 4.15.4 Introductions for the
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Page 314 and 315: Table 4.16.6 Natural enemies of Tri
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Page 324 and 325: 5 References 349 Abasa, R.O. 1975.
Page 326 and 327: References 351 Alfaro, F., Garcia-M
Page 328 and 329: References 353 Argyriou, L.C. 1970.
Page 330 and 331: References 355 Ayoub, M.A. 1960. Ph
Page 332 and 333: References 357 Barrera, J.F., Gomez
Page 336 and 337: References 361 Berkani, A. 1995. Re
Page 338 and 339: References 363 Boling, J.C. and Pit
Page 340 and 341: References 365 Brun, L.O., Marcilla
Page 342 and 343: References 367 Cantrell, B.K. 1984.
Page 344 and 345: References 369 Cenda-a, S.M., Gabri
Page 346 and 347: References 371 Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.
Page 348 and 349: References 373 CIE 1985. Distributi
Page 350 and 351: References 375 Compere, H. 1939. Me
Page 352 and 353: References 377 Crouzel, I.S. and Sa
Page 354 and 355: References 379 De Oliveira Filho, M
Page 356 and 357: References 381 Ding, Y., Li, M. and
Page 358 and 359: References 383 Elliott, N.C., Frenc
Page 360 and 361: References 385 Ferreira, A.J. and B
Page 362 and 363: References 387 Foerster, L.A., Quei
Page 364 and 365: References 389 Garcia, A. and Barri
Page 366 and 367: References 391 Godin, C. and Boivin
Page 368 and 369: References 393 Guido, A.S. and Ruff
Page 370 and 371: References 395 Hayat, M. and Lin, K
Page 372 and 373: References 397 Hofmaster, R.N. 1961
Page 374 and 375: References 399 Huo, S.T., Wei, Z.G.
Page 376 and 377: References 401 Jackson, C.G., Neema
Page 378 and 379: References 403 Jones, W.A. 1979. Th
Page 380 and 381: References 405 Kester, K.M., Smith,
Page 382 and 383: References 407 Komazaki, S. 1993. B
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References 409 Kushida, T., Katagir
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References 411 Lee, S.C., Yoo, J.K.
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References 413 Liljesthršm, G.G. 1
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References 415 Lo, K.C. and Chiu, S
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References 417 Manjunath, T.M. 1972
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References 419 McCutcheon, G.S. and
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References 421 Michael, P.J. 1981.
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References 423 Moreira, G.R.P. and
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References 425 Nakahara, M. and Kai
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References 427 Nixon, G.E.J. 1937.
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References 429 Oncuer, C. and Bayha
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References 431 Panis, A. 1977. Pseu
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References 433 Pe-a, J.E., Gilbin-D
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References 435 Prinsloo, G.L. 1985.
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References 437 Reddy, K.B. and Bhat
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References 439 Roepke, W. 1912. On
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References 441 Saha, J.L. and Agarw
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References 443 Schlinger, E.I. and
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References 445 Shi, D.S. 1984. Stud
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References 447 Singh, R. and Bhatt,
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References 449 Sinha, T.B. and Sing
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References 451 Soldevila, A.I. and
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References 453 Starù, P. and Ghosh
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References 455 Steinkraus, D.C., Sl
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References 457 Swezey, O.H. 1931. R
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References 459 Tewari, G.C. and Sar
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References 461 Tranfaglia, A. 1979.
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References 463 Ujiye, T. 1990. Stud
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References 465 van Steenis, M.J. 19
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References 467 Vinson, S.B. and Sto
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References 469 Waterston, J. 1915.
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References 471 Wilson, C.G. 1991. N
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References 473 Xu, C.F., Xia, Y.H.,
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References 475 Zhang, X.L. 1987. Pr
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