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ORGAN KEYBOARD INTERFACE 317 SERCTL $0800 6850 SERIAL I/O CHIP CONTROL REGISTER SERSTS $0800 6850 STATUS REGISTER SEROTA $0801 6850 TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE DATA REGISTER ------ - --- --- ------------ ----- INIT LOA #$17 INITIALIZE 6850 SERIAL I/O CHIP STA SERCTL LOA #$15 STA SERCTL ----. - ----- - - - ------------ ---- STATIC SEI DISABLE INTERRUPTS WHILE STORING EVENT LOX QUIP OUTPUT AN EVENT, GET QUEUE INPUT POINTER LOA #$90 KEY DOWN EVENT ON MIDI CHANNEL MIOICH ORA MIOICH STA EVQU ,X STORE I N QUEUE INX INCREMENT QUEUE POINTER CPX #$20 WRAPAROUND THE POINTER IF NECESSARY BNE STATIO LOX #0 STATIO TYA GET KEY NUMBER CLC ADJUST TO MIDI STANDARD OF 60=MIOOLE C AOC #60-24 THIS GIVES 2 OCTAVES BELOW AND 3 ABOVE STA EVQU ,X ; STORE RESULT I N QUEUE INX ; INCREMENT AND WRAPAROUND QUEUE POINTER CPX #$20 BNE STATIE LOX #0 STATIE STX QUIP SAVE QUEUE POINTER TEMPORARILY LOA MKYBST, Y GET VELOCITY COUNT, RANGE 0-63 LSR A LSR A TAX LOOKUP APPROPRIATE MIDI VELOCITY LOA VELTAB,X IN A TABLE LOX QUIP RESTORE QUEUE POINTER STA EVQU ,X STORE THE VELOCITY IN THE QUEUE INX INCREMENT AND WRAPAROUND QUEUE POINTER CPX #$20 BNE STATlF LOX #0 STATIF STA QUIP STORE THE UPDATED QUEUE POINTER eLI RE-ENABLE INTERRUPTS LOA #2 SET KEY STATE TO 2 STA MKYBST. Y JMp· SCNREN RESUME SCANNING ------ --- ---- - - ------ ----- - --- STAnc SEI ; DISABLE INTERRUPTS WHILE STORING EVENT LOX QUIP ; OUTPUT AN EVENT, GET QUEUE INPUT POINTER LOA #$80 KEY UP EVENT ON MIDI CHANNEL MIOICH ORA MIDICH STA EVQU,X STORE IN QUEUE INX INCREMENT QUEUE POINTER CPX #$20 WRAPAROUND THE POINTER IF NECESSARY BNE STAnD LOX #0 STAno TVA GET KEY NUMBER CLC ADJUST TO MIDI STANDARD AOC #60-24 STA EVQU ,X ; STORE RESULT IN OUEUE INX ; INCREMENT AND WRAPAROUND QUEUE POINTER CPX #$20 BNE STAT3E LOX #0 STAnE STX QUIP SAVE QUEUE POINTER TEMPORARILY LOA MKYBST, Y GET VELOCITY COUNT, RANGE 0-63 LSR A LSR A TAX LOOKUP APPROPRIATE MIDI VELOCITY LOA VELTAB,X IN A TABLE LOX QUIP RESTORE OUEUE POINTER STA EVQU ,X ; STORE THE VELQCITY IN THE QUEUE INX ; INCREMENT AND WRAPAROUND OUEUE POINTER CPX #$20 8NE sTAnF LOX #0 STAnF STA QUIP STORE THE UPDATED DUEUE POINTfR CLl RE -ENABLE INTERRUPTS LOA #0 SET KEY STATE TO 0 (INACTIVE) STA MKYBST. Y JMP SCNREN RESUME SCANNING Fig. 9-12. Modified code segments for MIDI
318 MUSICAL ApPLICATIONS OF MICROPROCESSORS --- - - - - - -- - --- - - - - --------- --- TIMINT CMP TMRO ; CLEAR THE TIMER INTERRUPT REOUEST PHA ; SAVE A ON THE STACK LOA SERSTS ; CHECK 6850 TRANSMITTER STATUS AND #102 BEQ TIMI Nl ; JUMP AHEAD IF BUSY LOA QUOP ; IF FREE, TEST IF ANYTHING TO TRANSMIT CMP QUIP BEQ TIMINI ; JUMP AHEAD I F NOT TXA ; IF SO, SAVE X PHA LOX QUOP : AND GET THE QUEUE QUTPUT POINTER LOA EVQU ,X ; GET NEXT BYTE TO TRANSMIT STA SEROTA ; ANn TRANSMIT IT INX ; MOVE QUEUE OUTPUT POINTER CPX #120 ; AND WRAPAROUND I F NECESSARY BNE TIMINO LOX #0 TIMINO STX OUOP ; SAVE UPOATEn OUEUE OUTPUT POINTER PLA ; RESTORE X FROM THE STACK TAX ; AND CONTI NUE TIMINI PLA ; RESTORE A FROM STACK DEC TIMCNT ; TEST IF FIFTH TIMER INTERRUPT BEQ TIMINI ; SKIP AHEAD IF SO RTI ; I F NOT, RETURN FROM INTERRUPT TIMINI LOA #5 ; RESET 5 INTERRUPT COUNTER STA TIMCNT PLA ; CLEAN OFF STACK FROM INTERRUPT SEOUENCE PLA PLA JMP MLonp ; GO TO MAl N LOOP FOR ANOTHER TI ME PER I 00 VELTAB .BYTE 127,127,127,127,I
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Musical Applications of Microproces
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© 19B5 by Hayden Books A Division
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serve to acquaint the general reade
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SECfrON II. Computer-Controlled Ana
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17. Digital Hardware 589 AnalogModu
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1 Music Synthesis Principles Creati
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 5 own ar
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MusIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 7 Increa
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINGPLES 9 VERY SM
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINOPLES 11 repres
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 13 The w
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRlNCIPLES 15 was c
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRlNOPlES 17 In act
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 19 SIN (
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 21 lILt!
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 23 - ,--
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINOPLES 25 + or--
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 27 Human
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINOPLES 29 fundam
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 31 frequ
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 33 from
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 35 ever,
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 37 have
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 39 No li
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MUSIC SYNTHESIS PRINCIPLES 41 cropr
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44 MUSICAL ApPLICATIONS OF MICROPRO
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60 MUSICAL ApPLICATrONS OF MICROPRO
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68 MUSICAL ApPLICAnONS OF MICROPROC
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82 MUSICAL ApPUCATIONS OF MICROPROC
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84 MUSICAL ApPUCATIONS OF MICROPROC
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vvv·(B) 86 MUSICAL ApPLICATIONS OF
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100 MUSICAL ApPLICAnONS OF MICROPRO
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102 MUSICAL ApPLICATIONS OF MICROPR
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Table 5-1. 6502 Instruction Set Lis
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Coding Table 5-3. 68000 Addressing
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Table 5-4. 68000 Instruction Set Su
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Table 5-4. 68000 Instruction Set Su
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6 BasicAnalogModules Probably the m
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 179 tage remai
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 181 Op-amps ma
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 183 '0: :? u
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 185 with an id
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 187 EXPONENTIA
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 189 (or 0.9766
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 191 4R Vr'o'M
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 193 tooth with
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 195 +IOVrel PU
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 197 Table 6-1.
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 199 constants
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 201 12 ~ E 1-
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 203 R2 R3 100
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 205 fore, must
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 207 For peak p
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 209 22 pF RI S
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 211 INPUT~OUTP
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 213 Voltage-Tu
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 215 +20 +15 +1
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 217 100 ko. BA
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BASIC ANALOG MODULES 219 +15 V0----
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Digital-to-Analog and tlnalog-to-Di
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DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG AND ANALOG-TO-DIG
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Page 280 and 281: DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG AND ANALOG-TO-DIG
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Table 12·1. Design Data for Chebys
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~ o Table 12·1. (Cont.) Ripple = 1
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13 Digital Tone Generation Teehniqu
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DIGITAL TONE GENERATION TECHNIQUES
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Sample Number Harm. No. o 2 3 4 5 6
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Sample Spectrum Number 0 1 2 3 4 5
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1,0 0,8 0,6 0.4 0,2 °0 10 12 14 16
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1,o,-----------,----------" Y Ol---
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14 DigitalFiltering In analog synth
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DIGITAL FILTERING 483 Input Samples
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DIGITAL FILTERING 485 the input wav
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DIGITAL FILTERING 487 where 0 is no
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DIGITAL FILTERING 489 BAND REJECT >
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DIGITAL FILTERING 491 Next the inpu
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DIGITAL. FILTERING 493 circuits mak
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DIGITAL FILTERING 495 OUTPUT Fig. 1
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DIGITAL FILTERING 497 INPUT ~8~~~~~
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DIGITAL FILTERING 499 the turnover
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DIGITAL FILTERING 501 frequency is
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+ 3 1 oL-_-...l__---l__---L__---r-_
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DIGITAL FILTERING 505 When programm
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DIGITAL FILTERING 507 lowest freque
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DIGITAL FILTERING 509 Even with a p
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DIGITAL FILTERING 511 OUTPUT Fig. 1
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DIGITAL FILTERING 513 INPUT VARIABL
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DIGITAL FILTERING 515 INPUT (C) -(.
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DIGITAL FILTERING 517 NOTE: Xl, Y,
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DIGITAL FILTERING 519 AMPLITUDE, (d
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DIGITAL FILTERING 521 o ~ -10 ~ -20
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DIGITAL FILTERING 523 1.0 0.8 0.6
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DIGITAL FILTERING 525 When the outp
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16 Source-SignalAnalys,is One of th
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 545 nOdB T I
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--------, I I ! II i I I I I , , i"
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 549 3 IN -"
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 551 Data Rep
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 553 SIGNAL B
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 555 -5° FH
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 557 -5 -10 ~
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 559 Since th
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 561 o -5 -10
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 563 o -5 -10
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 565 overlapp
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 567 • ....
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 569 from an
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 571 componen
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 573 and some
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 575 185491 A
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 577 SYSTEM F
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 579 (AI (BI
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 581 (Gl II'
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 583 PULSE PE
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 585 again, t
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SOURCE-SIGNAL ANALYSIS 587 Quite ob
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17 DigitalHardware At this point, w
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 591 Lsa I N+I DIVI
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 593 (~OCK[ L _ LSB
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 595 FREQUENCY CONT
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 597 Fig. 17-7. Pha
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 599 MOST SIGNIFICA
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 601 waveform chang
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 603 As an example,
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 605 1. Sixteen ind
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 607 discussed, the
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 609 between the 41
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 611 8-BIT PORT I M
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FREOUENCY CONTROL IN I I 20 FREOUEN
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 615 TO MULTIPLEXED
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FREQ. :a.-8 CNTL. WRITE FREQ. I 20
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 619 effective freq
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 621 The signal mem
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 623 into a filter
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 625 made using con
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 627 A Hybrid Voice
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 629 o -5 -10 -15 ~
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 631 o -5 -10 -15 ~
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 633 D3 02 01 10 00
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 635 plementers on
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DIGITAL HARDWARE 637 taken care of
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SECTIONIV ProductApplications andth
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716 MUSICAL ApPLICATIONS OF MJCROPR
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RING MOD VCD A PITCHo--+lcNTL OUT A
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20 Low-CostSYllthesis Techniques Wh
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 759 g
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 761 i
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 763 0
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 765 S
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 767 c
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 769 O
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 771 +
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 773 F
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 775 F
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 777 f
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21 Future Frequently, when glvmg ta
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 781 T
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 783 t
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 785 "
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 787 m
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LOW-COST SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES 789 a
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Bibliography The following publicat
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 793 DMA DOS FET FFT FI
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(Communication) Minor - Computer Sc
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newsletter, writing numerous articl
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conversion subsystem, especially if
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In the beginning the company was su
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HAL : I really haven't kept up with
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was clear he was serious, I named m
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influences too like interrupts from
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SONIK : What activities do you do o
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as a homework assignment. So much o
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Musical Applications of Microproces
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