Aircraft Operations. Volume II - Construction of Visual and Instrument ...

Part I — Section 4, Chapter 3 I-4-3-5
c) a turn of more than 120° (90° for ILS, see Part II, Section 1, Chapter 1, 1.2.2, “Initial approach segment
alignment” would be required at the IF.
Specifics of each reversal procedure are described below.
3.5.2 Starting point
The starting point for a base turn shall be a facility. The starting point for a procedure turn shall be a facility or a fix.
The reversal procedure may be preceded by manoeuvring in a suitably located holding pattern.
3.5.3 Entry
Entry into a reversal procedure should be from a track within ± 30° of the outbound track (see Figures I-4-3-4 and
I-4-3-5). Where entry is desired from tracks outside these limits, suitably protected airspace must be provided to allow
the pilot to manoeuvre onto the outbound track. This manoeuvring will be in accordance with the entry procedures
associated with a suitably located holding pattern, which must be shown on the approach chart (see Figure I-4-3-6).
3.5.4 Types of reversal procedures
The types of procedures permitted are illustrated in Figure I-4-3-7 and are described as follows.
3.5.4.1 45°/180° procedure turns start at a facility or fix and consist of:
a) a straight leg with track guidance; this straight leg may be timed or may be limited by a radial or DME distance
(see 3.5.5, “Outbound time” and 3.5.6, “Limitation of length of outbound tracks”);
b) a 45° turn;
c) a straight leg without track guidance. This straight leg is timed; it shall be:
1) 1 minute from the start of the turn for Categories A, B and H aircraft; and
2) 1 minute and 15 seconds from the start of the turn for Categories C, D and E aircraft; and
d) a 180° turn in the opposite direction to intercept the inbound track.
3.5.4.2 80°/260° procedure turns start at a facility or fix and consist of:
a) a straight leg with track guidance; this straight leg may be timed or may be limited by a radial or DME distance
(see 3.5.5, “Outbound time” and 3.5.6, “Limitation of length of outbound tracks”);
b) an 80° turn; and
c) a 260° turn in the opposite direction to intercept the inbound track.
CAUTION: The 45°/180° and the 80°/260° procedure turns are alternatives to each other and the protection area should
be constructed to accommodate both procedures unless one is specifically excluded (see 3.6.4).
23/11/06