Aircraft Operations. Volume II - Construction of Visual and Instrument ...

I-4-3-App A-2 Procedures — Aircraft Operations — Volume II
23/11/06
2. PARAMETERS
2.1 Aircraft speed
— Aircraft Categories A and B: Indicated airspeed (IAS) from 165 to 335 km/h (90 to 180 kt); and
— Aircraft Categories C, D and E: IAS from 335 to 465 km/h (180 to 250 kt).
The corresponding true airspeeds (TAS) are calculated taking into account the following factors:
a) temperature: International standard atmosphere (ISA) + 15°C; and
b) altitude: 1 500 m (5 000 ft) and 3 000 m (10 000 ft).
2.2 Wind speed
An omnidirectional wind shall be used. The wind speed (w) in km/h (kt) is determined by the formula:
w = (12 h + 87) km/h where h is in thousands of metres
w = (2 h + 47) kt where h is in thousands of feet.
However, for the straight part of the dead reckoning segment an omnidirectional wind of 56 km/h (30 kt) shall be taken
into account. This assumes that the pilot is given the wind speed at the aerodrome and has appraised the wind within
56 km/h (30 kt) on the previous leg, the length of which shall be specified on approach charts.
2.3 Flight technical tolerances
a) Bank angle. 25° or the angle corresponding to a rate of turn of 3° per second, whichever is the lesser.
b) Tolerances:
1) pilot reaction time: 0 to + 6 s;
2) bank establishment time: + 5 s; and
3) heading tolerance: ±5°.
2.4 Fix tolerances
These are established taking into account the accuracy of the facility used:
a) VOR facility providing track guidance: ±5.2°;
b) VOR intersecting facility: ±4.5°; and
c) DME distance indications: 0.46 km (0.25 NM) + 1.25 per cent of the distance to the antenna.