Aircraft Operations. Volume II - Construction of Visual and Instrument ...

Chapter 1
AREA NAVIGATION (RNAV) POINT-IN-SPACE (PinS)
APPROACH PROCEDURES FOR HELICOPTERS
USING BASIC GNSS RECEIVERS
1.1 GENERAL
1.1.1 The general criteria in Part I, Section 4, as well as Part III, Section 2, Chapter 2, as amplified or modified by
the criteria in this chapter apply to area navigation (RNAV) approach procedures for basic GNSS receivers. These
specified instrument procedures may be developed for the use of helicopters. It is intended that these specified
procedures be designed using the same conventional techniques and practices for aeroplane categories as those
explained elsewhere in this document.
1.1.2 Helicopter specific parameters. Parameters such as airspeed, fix tolerances, area widths and descent and
climb gradients are specified in this chapter for exclusive use in designing helicopter procedures. These specifications
have been defined in accordance with the helicopter performance characteristics and the operational requirements to
perform the procedure.
1.1.3 Approach speeds. When the helicopter reaches the obstacle clearance altitude/height (OCA/H), it must have
a sufficient distance to decelerate and transition to flight by visual reference. The greater the approach speed on final,
the larger the required deceleration distance. Criteria are provided in this chapter to accommodate helicopters flying the
final and missed approach segments at speeds not to exceed 90 KIAS and for those flying the final and missed
approach segments at speeds not to exceed 70 KIAS. The missed approach airspeed limitation applies until the
helicopter is established on the inbound course to the missed approach holding waypoint or clearance limit.
1.1.4 Fix identification. Part III, Section 1, Chapter 1, 1.1, “Fix identification” applies.
1.1.5 Secondary areas. The general criteria for secondary areas apply as modified or amplified in this chapter.
1.1.6 Certification/operational approval. The aircraft equipped with a basic GNSS receiver as described in Part
III, Section 1, Chapter 2, that have been approved by the national authority for the operator for the appropriate level of
GNSS operations may use these systems to carry out approaches.
1.2 GNSS RNAV SYSTEM ACCURACY
1.2.1 The criteria in Part III, Section 1, Chapter 2, apply as modified or amplified in this chapter. The total system
tolerance components are listed in Table IV-1-1.
IV-1-1 23/11/06