5 r. a b a S i a (Tbilisi) bgeraTSesatyvisobis erTi rigisaTvis qarTvelur ...

adhering to strict standard requirements. These are native speakers of middleliterary
type of literary norms.
Linguists have different opinions on the existence of ethnolocal variants
of the Russian literary language. We consider, that the norms of the Russian
literary language are uniform and there can not be their variants. “If language in
general is necessary for communication“– wrote A.M. Peshkovsky, “then for
cultural dialogue it is necessary to have the language as if squared, the language
cultivated as special art, the language normalized“.
There will hardly be found at least one linguist, the philosopher or the
teacher among scientists, who would not be concerned about the decrease of the
general speech culture level. As N.G.Komlev mentioned that “the culture of
speech influence has fallen to the lowest point. Russian speech catastrophically
lags behind high canons of the Russian literature. It becomes more and more
primitive, stylisticly helpless and frequently vulgar”.
If such situation is in Russia as a whole, it is easy to imagine the state of
Russian speech in regions where in the conditions of national – Russian
bilingualism different sorts of factors have an adverse effect on culture of
communication: socialinguistic, demographic, confessional.
The general level of speech culture in the Caucasus is low, this results
from the fact that negative influence on it is formidable. The external factors
reducing level of culture of Russian speech the influence of mass-media
language, lack of speech culture of telecasts, low level of language culture in
the country.
The negative factor decreasing quality of a standard of speech of
Daghestanian-bilingual is a nearly absolute absence of the social control of a
correctness of communication. It is caused by considerable reduction of the
number of Russian population, by whose speech bilinguals are guided. Besides,
Daghestanian-bilinguals have a low threshold of bilingual sensitivity to speech
error.
From the point of view of socialinguistic a major factor causing a
phonetico-phonologic interference, is insufficient development of phonologic
consciousness and the phonetic hearing based on it. The characteristic
phenomenon of bilingualism is rigidness. That is the difficulty of switching of
mechanisms of speech-apprehensional process and an organs of articulation.
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