5 r. a b a S i a (Tbilisi) bgeraTSesatyvisobis erTi rigisaTvis qarTvelur ...

guists take up the problem of the existence of the Future Tense in their own
ways. Some of them think that forms of the Future Tense are formed by grammaticalization
of the modal verbs shall and will which have modal meaning of
intention or obligation. That’s why grammatical forms of the Future Tense can’t
exist in English.
In spite of the different opinions it can’t be denied that forms of the Future
Tense express an action which refers to the Future, and the tendency to using
of the form will for the 1 st person bring to the loss of meaning of the modal
verbs. Therefore we can’t deny the existence of the forms of the Future Tense in
English.
There are two future forms in Dargwa: The Future Indicative Tense and
The Future Suppositional Tense.
At first there was only one form of the Present-Future Tense in Dargwa
which could express either a present or a future action depending on the context.
Later this form became the form of the Future Indicative Tense, e.g.: Nuni dursi
ja„jal h´jadurdiris «I’ll do the homework tomorrow». Though sometimes this
form is used to express recurrent or permanent actions in present, e.g.: Il nuSaCi
har barh´i vaSar «He visits us every day».
The Future Indicative Tense has no forms of perfective and imperfective
aspect. The aspect can be expressed in the context, e.g.: iS juz nuni h´ed
balTas «I’ll leave you this book» and nuni h´ed har barh´i iS STolixib Kawla
buta balTas «I’ll leave you a piece of bread on this table every day». The same
cases can be found in English. So the first and the second sentences correspond
to the Future Indefinite Tense in English, e.g.: I’ll leave you this book. – I’ll leave
you a piece of bread on this table every day.
In some cases in Dargwa the differentiation of perfective and imperfective
aspect forms is found in the Future Indicative Tense but it can be expressed by
means of the difference of thematic vowels, prefixes, etc., e.g.: ejavKjas «will
come» - vaSus «will go (regularly)»
In English the perfective aspect is obviously expressed in the Future Perfect
Tense which is used to show an action accomplished before a given future
moment, e.g.: I’ll have come by 5 o’clock tomorrow. In Dargwa such sentences
are rendered by means of Future Indicative forms, e.g.: iS hajanCi nuni bazla
axirdis Tamanbinis «This work will have been finished by the end of the month».
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