An Ocean Blueprint for the 21st Century - California Ocean ...

Table 30.1 (continued) Summary of Costs Associated withRecommendations of the U.S. Commission on Ocean PolicyFirst Year Cost(millions of dollars)OngoingAnnual Cost(millions of dollars)Chapter 27: Enhancing Ocean Infrastructure and Technology DevelopmentChapter Total $ 205.900 $ 191.800 ■Science infrastructure $ 200.000 $ 150.000Some costsin otherchaptersOther ocean-related infrastructure – – ■Technology development and implementation $ 5.900 $ 41.800Chapter 28: Modernizing Ocean Data and Information SystemsChapter Total $ 14.000 $ 24.000 ■Chapter 29: Advancing International Ocean Science and PolicyChapter Total $ 3.260 $ 7.850 Ch. 25State Department science capacity and support $ 1.260 $ 2.850International capacity building $ 2.000 $ 5.000 Ch. 25Chapter 30: Funding Needs and Possible SourcesChapter Total $ 500.000 $ 1,000.000Support for additional state, territorial, and $ 500.000 $ 1,000.000tribal responsibilitiesGRAND TOTAL $ 1,536.072 $ 3,869.944Somecosts notshownresponsibilities. (Throughout this chapter we use the term coastal states to include statesbordering any ocean or the Great Lakes, all U.S. territories, and federally-recognized tribeswith coastal resource treaty rights.) The different types of costs are not distinguished inthe table. Moreover, costs borne directly by nonfederal entities, including state and localgovernments, private companies, and individuals, are not included, although in somecases they may be substantial. The importance of state-level action is discussed furtherbelow, with a recommendation for additional federal assistance in carrying out theseresponsibilities.Some costs in Table 30.1 are associated with recommendations for distinct, highvisibilityprojects, such as the IOOS, the national monitoring network, or new ships andother infrastructure. Others costs are linked to recommendations for large, exciting newprograms, like the Oceans and Human Health Initiative, or a new program of global oceanexploration. It can be tempting for policy makers to focus on these big-ticket items, butdoing so exclusively would not serve the cause of improving ocean and coastal vitality.Most of the problems identified throughout this report are linked to human activities andthe cumulative impacts of those activities on ocean and coastal resources. As a result, thesolutions generally involve improvements to the management of human activities.Overall, the majority of the costs presented in this chapter are not connected with large,visible new projects, but with less tangible—but equally important—everyday improvementsin existing programs to manage ocean and coastal resources.Deferred CostsThe costs for a number of recommendations could not be assessed at this time and theyare noted as “TBD” in Appendix G. Often, this is because the Commission’s recommendationcalls for the National Ocean Council or certain federal agencies to study an issue anddevelop more detailed plans and strategies for addressing it. Until such plans are in place,the scope of needed action is not known, although implementation of the proposed plansis likely to have significant costs. For example, the cost of achieving better regional coor-462 A N O CEAN B LUEPRINT FOR THE 21ST C ENTURY