An Ocean Blueprint for the 21st Century - California Ocean ...

in marine transportation,192–193, 237NOAA–Navy, 435–436public–private, 172, 173, 176,192–193, 222, 237, 242, 270,323, 384, 405, 418research community and academia,49, 124, 125, 129, 130,132, 133, 135–136, 139watershed management, 222passenger ferries, 194, 236PCBs, 183, 210, 223, 264, 349peer review, 187, 278Pennsylvania, 88, 159permittingaquaculture, 333, 335for bioprospecting, 343coastal construction andrestoration, 184fishery, 287–288for marine mammals,311–314for offshore activities, 100,343pollution, 101, 207, 210, 211,212, 221programmatic, 312–314for research, 343, 454pesticides, 223, 234Pew Oceans Commission, 51, 55,77pharmaceuticalsbioproducts, 33, 339, 340,341pollutants, 209, 234, 349phosphates, 33, 368phytoplankton, 37, 229places of refuge, 247–248Plant Protection Act, 254plastic debris materials, 264–265,266, 267, 307point source pollutionanimal feeding operations,211enforcement programs, 212incentive–based controls, 212industrial facilities, 207, 210infrastructure investments,211–212major sources, 208–211management tools, 207septic systems, 210sewer system overflows, 39,208, 209–210, 211wastewater treatment plants,207, 208–209, 210, 211–212Polar–orbiting OperationalEnvironmental Satellites, 404,424polar regions, 297, 346–347, 364,365, 378, 387, 417, 450pollution (see nonpoint sourcepollution; point source pollution;water pollution)population growthcoastal pressures, 36, 41–42,43, 150–152environmental impacts,41–42, 43, 170porpoises, 306, 309portsclosures, 200–201commerce flows, 193–194economic value, 31, 32,193–194garbage reception facilities,270infrastructure, 193–194LNG, 33, 358planning and management,186, 193–194, 196, 198,200–201pollution control, 245, 270security, 32, 200sediment management, 187stewardship programs, 196precautionary approach, 65–66,80President’s Council of Advisors onOcean Policy (proposed), 79,80, 81, 87, 90, 102, 114, 115,476public awareness, education and,68–69, 90, 122–124, 130,142–143, 213, 220Puget Sound, habitat losses, 41,171Puerto Rico, 34, 70, 155, 164,321, 325Radonski, Gilbert, 281Reagan administration, 53–54, 72,354, 387recommendationsto Congress, 475context for, 472–474to Executive Branch leadership,475–476to federal government agencies,476–478on international policy implementation,479guiding principles for,472–473index to, 475–479list, by appearance in report,480–522to regional bodies, 479to states, 473–474, 479recreation/recreational, 99, 105boating, 32, 39, 66, 236, 241,243, 245, 248, 264, 267debris, 267diving, 37economic value, 31, 32,35–36, 150, 151, 382environmental impacts, 39,42, 248fishing, 31, 217, 275, 281, 321jobs, 31losses, 39shipwreck sites, 102threats to, 183vessel pollution, 236, 241,243, 245, 248water quality and, 213, 229,349–350reefs (see artificial reefs; coralecosystems)Regional Fishery ManagementCouncils, 90, 101 (see alsocommercial fishing; fisherymanagement)authority and jurisdiction,283–285creation, 52, 275delays in management plans,279–280, 280ecosystem–based approach,295–297, 326government relationship with,286, 291, 294Gulf of Mexico, 286input on research, 280–281membership, 285–286I NDEXH 21