An Ocean Blueprint for the 21st Century - California Ocean ...

oil, 236, 246, 362–363science and technologycomponents, 416–425wastewater treatment, 207,211–212, 219–220inland waterways, 186, 196, 200Integrated Ocean DrillingProgram, 414, 417, 454Integrated Ocean ObservingSystem, 394–410capacity building, 409–410coastal and ocean systems,395–396commitment to creation of,396–397components, 82, 269, 396cost estimates, 407–408data management, 405,407–408, 434, 435, 437design elements 397, 400–406Earth Observation Summit,409end product development, 95,405–406environmental variables,400–402existing systems, 327, 328,394, 395–396, 409, 420fishery data, 281, 408funding, 397, 404, 406–408,459, 462governance structure,397–399implementation steps,396–397international cooperation, 396397, 403, 409–410, 453national planning, 397–398as national monitoring systemcomponent, 231–232, 234Ocean.US and, 127, 398, 375,397, 398–399, 400, 402, 407offshore infrastructure and,364outreach to user community,399–400partnerships, 396 397, 405,406, 409–410potential benefits, 164–165,394–395, 408product development, 95, 110397, 406regional structure, 95,398–399, 400, 405–406, 436research observatories and, 402satellite observations, 395,403–405, 407–408, 423, 424,425sensors, 346, 364, 402–403,423space–based observation missions,403–404user input for planning,405–406value of, 395–396, 408Interagency Committee for theMarine TransportationSystem, 84, 197–198, 478Intergovernmental OceanographicCommission, 449–450, 451,453intermodal connections, 196,198–199, 200internal waters, defined, 70International Coastal Cleanup,264, 266, 268International Convention for theConservation of AtlanticTunas, 445, 446International Convention for theControl and Management ofShips’ Ballast Water andSediments, 261International Convention for thePrevention of Pollution fromShips, 244, 245, 265, 270, 447International Convention for theRegulation of Whaling, 448international cooperation, 90 (seealso international ocean policy;LOS Convention)aquaculture, 302, 336biodiversity convention, 54conservation, 327coral reef management,326–327, 451debris management, 265–266,270in ecosystem–based approach,318, 473endangered species, 303, 308,318fishery management, 284,291, 293, 298, 299–303, 318,445, 446, 451Great Lakes region, 87, 93invasive species control,261–262on IOOS, 396 397, 403,409–410, 453pollution control, 222–223,224port state control, 240on research, 380, 454on trade policy, 445, 451vessel pollution control, 239,244, 245, 247, 451vessel safety and security, 237,238, 239, 240, 451International MaritimeOrganization, 237, 238, 239,244, 247, 261, 450, 451international ocean policy (seealso international cooperation;LOS Convention)agreements and treaties,444–449capacity building, 453,454–455challenges, 442–443, 449,450, 452collaboration, 291, 449–450developing and implementing,443–452Earth Summit and, 445, 448evolution of, 443freedom of the seas, 53, 72,99, 105, 443, 450, 454funding issues, 449GOOS and, 453governance structure,449–450, 451guiding principles, 444, 448,473recommendations, 479responsible internationalbodies, 451science programs, 452–454U.S. coordination, 300,449–450, 451U.S. research contributions,454interstate fisheries commissions,277, 278, 279, 283, 284, 299,334, 479intracoastal waterways, 186, 196,200I NDEXH 13