Phi-features and the Modular Architecture of - UMR 7023 - CNRS
Phi-features and the Modular Architecture of - UMR 7023 - CNRS
Phi-features and the Modular Architecture of - UMR 7023 - CNRS
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118<br />
4.5.4 Connaître-class causee datives<br />
(literary; * with lui or à lui for en)<br />
There is a h<strong>and</strong>ful <strong>of</strong> verbs that appear to contravene <strong>the</strong> generalizations so<br />
far, mostly connaître 'know' <strong>and</strong> voir 'see', as in (180). They combine<br />
1 st /2 nd /reflexive accusative clitics with causee à-phrases but not with dative clitics,<br />
<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>y permit <strong>the</strong> PCC repair by strong pronouns <strong>and</strong> locative clitics. 80<br />
(180) a. Jacques vous/se fera connaître / voir à ses chefs.<br />
Jacques you/SE.A will.make know / see to his bosses<br />
Jacques will get his bosses to see/become aware <strong>of</strong> you/himself.<br />
b. On pourrait vous faire voir/connaître à ELLE mais pas à LUI.<br />
one could you.A make see/know to her but not to him<br />
One could get HER but not HIM see/become aware <strong>of</strong> you.<br />
c. *Jean me leur a fait connaître.<br />
Jean m' y a fait connaître.<br />
Jean m' a fait connaître à eux.<br />
Jean made *<strong>the</strong>m.D (leur) / LOC (y) / <strong>the</strong>m (à eux) know me.A (me).<br />
((a) Postal 1989: 4, adapted; (b), (c) resume (143), (142))<br />
According to <strong>the</strong> PCC in (122), dative à-phrases that do not create <strong>the</strong> PCC<br />
should be ei<strong>the</strong>r too high or too low to intervene between v <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> direct object.<br />
Postal (1989) undertakes a detailed study <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> connaître class <strong>of</strong> verbs, <strong>and</strong><br />
shows that precisely <strong>the</strong>se verbs allow a special low position for à-causees, below<br />
<strong>the</strong> direct object, <strong>and</strong> require it when <strong>the</strong> direct object is a 1 st /2 nd /reflexive accusative<br />
clitic. One <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> reflexes <strong>of</strong> this that Postal uncovers is in control into sans<br />
'without' adjuncts, (181). Their controller can be <strong>the</strong> transitive subject but not <strong>the</strong><br />
direct or indirect object. Causees also can control, including for <strong>the</strong> connaître<br />
class. However, when <strong>the</strong> connaître class combines a 1 st /2 nd /reflexive accusative<br />
clitic with an à-phrase causee, <strong>the</strong> causee loses <strong>the</strong> capacity to control.<br />
(181) a. Cela les fera connaître/choisir à Hervéi (sans PROi le regretter).<br />
That will make Hervei know/choose <strong>the</strong>m.A (without PROi regretting<br />
it).<br />
b. Cela vous fera connaître/*choisir à Hervéi (*sans PROi le regretter).<br />
That will make Hervei know/*choose you.A (*without PROi regretting<br />
it).<br />
(Postal 1989: 95f.; % )<br />
80 The repair by strong pronoun is subject to an independent factor. Some do not allow even focussed<br />
à + strong pronoun to code causees, while o<strong>the</strong>rs do (Postal 1981: 312, 1984: 122, 1990:<br />
174; Kayne 1975: 296 note 24, 298 note 25). Those that do not <strong>the</strong>n also do not allow <strong>the</strong> repair.<br />
Most speakers surveyed do allow such causees; on <strong>the</strong> questionnaire, 9/10 speakers assigned report<br />
it as natural or only slightly unnatural in <strong>the</strong>ir French. Similarly in (176)a, replacing à Ilse<br />
with à NOUS 'to US' gives rise to variation, although it is less commonly good.
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