Phi-features and the Modular Architecture of - UMR 7023 - CNRS

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with cliticization alone. This is a difference that permits separating them from the
PCC. The PCC groups with other problems of Agree/Case licensing, and thus with
other activations of Agree/Case loci to meet Full Interpretation. The cliticization
problems are purely a failure to meet the Σ-deficiency of clitics, a morphophonological
problem at PF along the lines sketched above.
In coordinations, modifications, DPs, modifier APs, and causatives of unergatives,
dative pronouns have no cliticization site, yet they cannot cliticize higher
because of islandhood. Let us start with coordinations and modifications in (335).
Their interior does not offer a cliticization host to satisfy Σ-deficiency, but they
are also strong islands. All other requirements are satisfactorily met in them, for
instance Case, as seen by replacing the pronoun with a demonstrative. 162
(335) a. *Elle vous parle.
??Elle parle à vous autres.
she you.D speaks to youstrong others
b. Elle parle à ces autres
she speaks to these others
(French, section 4.6)
Dative complements of nouns and adjectival and participial modifiers are
sketched in (336). These structures offer no cliticization site and are islands for
cliticization or other movement. That no other problems arise in them is suggested
by Belgian French, which permits dative clitics in past participle modifiers, une
lettre [vous addressée] 'a letter [you.D addressed]' (section 6.6). Other French varieties
seem to simply not offer a cliticization site. Its absence is a relatively superficial
parameter differentiating closely related systems.
(336) une fille [(*vous) reconnaissant (à Marie / *vous)]
a girl [(*her.D) grateful (to Marie / * youstrong)]
(French, section 4.6)
Causatives of unergatives in (337) may be analyzed similarly. The 'restructuring'
causative lacks a cliticization site within the infinitive, perhaps again with
variation across French (the 'mixed' causative' mentioned in section 4.5). An argument
of the infinitive can only cliticize in the matrix clause. However, the accusative
causee of an unergative intervenes to block cliticization in (337). 163
162 It may be that modification and coordination structures are creatd at Transfer by adjunction of
independently convergent phases (Chomsky 2004). The attempt to adjoin the two convergent
phases Elle vous parle 'I you.A see' and belle et souriante 'beautiful and smiling' then cannot attach
the modifier to the clitic vous; perhaps the result of the attempt is apposition, Elle vous
parle, belle et souriante. (The modifier autres is not a good candidate for this since it needs a D;
its structure may rather be [this/youD othersN], which continues to make the point in the text.)
163 The causative may illustrate an independent point about ℜ. Suppose that the infinitive InfP of
this type of causative is a phase (Bobaljik and Branigan 2006). Cliticization out of it must then
proceed through the edge of InfP in (337). Once the edge is built, InfP transfers, and it along with
its edge is embedded in the matrix phase. At this point the clitic proceeds into the matrix clause,