Phi-features and the Modular Architecture of - UMR 7023 - CNRS

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5.9.2 Person and Case licensing
Table 5.4 illustrates the close parallelism between the PCC and its repairs on
the one hand, and on the other the person hierarchy interaction of transitive subject
and object in chapter 3 (cf. Haspelmath 2007). In both, there is a regular coding of
the participating arguments in 'direct' contexts. It is banned when the lower argument
is [+person], 'inverse' contexts. In these, a more marked and otherwise unavailable
coding appears, the repair. A wider look across such transitives in Table
5.5 reveals transitivizations to both the ergative and accusative as repairs,
strengthening the parallelism with the PCC.
Table 5.4: PCC and Person Hierarchy interactions
French Chinook Arizona Tewa
High argument IO, dative IO, bare, agrees EA, bare, agrees
Low argument O, accusative S, bare, agrees O, bare, agrees
Direct *IO-1/2.O *IO-1/2.S *EA-1/2.O
Inverse IO → full PP IO → ergative case
and agreement
EA → marked case,
poorer agreement
Legend: S unaccusative subject, EA transitive subject, O direct object, IO applicative object
Table 5.5: Global case splits (Béjar and Rezac 2009, Georgi 2009)
Separate EA/O licensing
Normal/Direct Repair/Inverse Conditions on repair
Basque - EAERG ONOM 1/2/3EA→1/2/3O
Icelandic - EANOM OACC 1/2/3EA→1/2/3O
1/2>3 interaction
Ariz. Tewa EA∅ O∅ EAERG ONOM 3EA→1/2O, 1/2EA→1/2O
Yurok EANOM ONOM EANOM OACC 3EA→1/2O
1>2>3 interaction
Kashmiri EANOM ONOM EANOM OACC 2EA→1O, 1/2EA→3O, 3EA→3O
Mohawk EA∅/AGR O∅ EA∅ O∅/AGR 2EA→1O, 1/2EA→3O, 3EA→3O
This parallelism suggests that the transitive EA-O combinations of Arizona
Tewa behave essentially like unaccusatives IO-S combinations in the PCC. The
direct context has only one person licensing system, the EA is an intervener for
certain person relations, and the repair transitivizes the structure. This view of EA-
O and IO-S/O interactions is developed in Béjar and Rezac (2009) in a way compatible
with the present theory of repairs (using [-active] probes instead of ℜ). Albizu
(1997ab) is the seminal proposal for this one- vs. two-licenser view of transi-