An introductory text-book of logic - Mellone, Sydney - Rare Books at ...

192
THE CATEGORIES OR PREDICAMENTS.
considered that these real qualities or kinds of existence
which are predicable of the
"
substance
"
fall into nine
classes. We give the Greek, Latin, and English
words :
TTOO-OV quantitas quantity.
TTOIOV qualitas quality.
7T/305 rt rdatio relation.
TTOV iibi place.
Trore quando time.
situs posture.
habitus having.
actio doing.
passio suffering.
For example, if the "primary substance," the subject
of discourse, is Socrates, we may say of him, taking
Aristotle s illustrations of the categories in the order
given, that he
scholarly,"
"is
"
is five feet five
bigger,"
day," that he "reclines,"
(in height),"
"was in the Lyceum," "yester
"has shoes on," "cuts,"
"is cut" (Categories, ch. iv.) Two or three of the
words are used in a narrower sense than their English
renderings suggest.
"
"
Relation consists chiefly of
comparatives of adjectives and of ideas which are
strictly correlative.
"
"
Posture does not mean position
in the sense of place but "attitude."
signifies condition e.g., "armed,"
"
is
"Having" sig-
"sandalled."
The categories correspond closely with a possible
arrangement of the grammatical "parts of speech,"
substantive and adjective, verb and adverb. Thus,
"
substance," in its secondary form, is expressed by
the Common Noun; "quantity," "quality," and "re
lation
"
by the Adjective; "condition," "doing,"
fering," by the Verb ;
"
"
place
and
"
time
"
"suf
by the
Adverb. Nevertheless the categories are not merely