Effet chez le porcelet d'une exposition à un régime co-contaminé en ...

INTRODUCTIONCONCLUSIONPrevention and reduction of mycotoxin contamination during crop and feed production hasbecome more important, good agricultural practices and HACCP in the production process hasbecome more a requirement and the need of feed additives to prevent absorption and toxic effectsof mycotoxins in farm animals has increased significantly.Actually, there is already an excellent potential for organic and inorganic binders to help managethe mycotoxin problem in a safe, economic and easy way. Adsorbents can be used as a complement,acting in the animal´s organism, to physical and chemical methods used mainly in thedecontamination of raw materials.Since feedstuffs are commonly contaminated with more than one mycotoxin, it is important totake into account that a good mycotoxin inactivator has to be as effective as possible against severalmycotoxin contaminations, incorporated in a small amount in the complete diet, have a high bindingcapacity and be free of impurities and odors.It is now known that adsorbents belonging to the same category have different physical andchemical properties, thus their efficacy can vary markedly. To assure efficiency and safety, alladditives have to be carefully tested before coming into the market, being the in vitro tests mostlyimportant for their scientific development and improvement. Moreover, sensitive parameters haveto be measured such as biochemistry, gross pathology, histopathology and immune parameters.As adsorption is not a viable option regarding trichothecenes, zearalenone and ochratoxins,mycotoxin inactivation by biotransformation is a very promising strategy to detoxify thesemycotoxins. Indeed, biotransformation is currently the most recent and challenging process ofmycotoxin deactivation being under development and therefore, requiring further investigations.Another important target for the future is the development of products that are effective againstmulti-mycotoxin contaminations.There are many factors that negatively influence and complicate the setting of safe levels for thedifferent mycotoxins in different countries, however regulations exist worldwide and maximumlevels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs were already set by EU legislation.Currently, a large part of the feed industry has already applied for production standards, whichare often stricter than required by legislation. The HACCP analysis of the production practices that isrequired to comply with the EU Feed Hygiene legislation, and the quality systems it triggered such asFami-QS, is an obvious qualifier to operate in the European feed industry.Mycotoxin contamination, however, still occurs despite the most strenuous efforts of prevention,therefore there is an obvious need for mycotoxin inactivating products to complement it in the88