Effet chez le porcelet d'une exposition à un régime co-contaminé en ...

INTRODUCTIONmm screen shows that fractions termed 'fines' (< 3 mm) had significantly higher total fumonisinsconcentrations and accounted for between 4.7 and 20.0% of the samples by mass (Sydenham et al.,1994). The data indicated that removal of the 'fines' resulted in overall reductions in total fumonisinlevels of between 26.2 and 69.4%.Regarding deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA), Trenholm et al. (1991) investigated theefficacy of sieving with a series of screens, on corn contaminated with 23 mg of DON/kg and with 1.2mg of ZEA/kg. Reduction of 73% and 79% of the total DON and ZEA respectively has been reported.c) Flotation and density segregationMould-damaged, mycotoxin-contaminated kernels may exhibit different physical properties thannon-damaged kernels. So they can be separated by density segregation in certain liquids, orfractionation according to specific gravity tables. Because fungi deriving nutrients from grainsthrough metabolism may alter the density of grains, it seems possible that fungal-infected grains canbe segregated from uninfected grains without specificity for any given fungus or grain. A 67%reduction in aflatoxin concentration of corn was obtained by removal of corn buoyant in water (Huff,1980; Huff and Hagler, 1982). The efficiency of density segregation was enhanced by increasing thespecific gravity of the suspending liquid. With the use of a 30% sucrose solution, the aflatoxinconcentration of corn was reduced by 87% (Huff, 1980). In another study, only 4 of 54 aflatoxincontaminatedsamples remained aflatoxin-positive after density segregation with 30% sucrose (Huffand Hagler, 1982). Similarly, density segregation using a saturated sodium chloride solution waseffective in reducing the aflatoxin concentration of contaminated corn (Huff and Hagler, 1985). Cornkernels which were buoyant in saturated sodium chloride represented 3% of the total sample, yetcontained 74% of the aflatoxin.Besides aflatoxin-contaminated grains removal, Huff and Hagler (1985) assessed their method ondeoxynivalenol-contaminated corn kernels and obtained for two naturally contaminated cornsamples, a reduction of 53% and 77% in DON concentration with water and 30% sucrose.The same principle was applied for fumonisins-contaminated maize (Shetty and Bhat, 1999). Withincreasing concentrations of NaCl, more maize entered the buoyant fraction and the removal offumonisins can reach 86% with saturated NaCl solution. The authors suggested washing grains withwater in order to remove the salty taste (Shetty and Bhat, 1999).54