Effet chez le porcelet d'une exposition à un régime co-contaminé en ...

INTRODUCTION- an important loss of grain material has been reported in some cases for sieving and cleaningprocedures. In their study, Trenholm et al. (1991) observed a 73% and 79% reduction for DON andZEA respectively, however in these conditions up to 69% of the total weights of the corn wereremoved as well.- after flotation and washing, the cost of drying grains is a significant problem; unless these methodsare used prior manufacturing processes that require the grain to be wetted or tempered such as wetmilling or alkaline processing of corn.- the duration of grains treatment is also a parameter to take into account.It is also important to stress that contaminated waste (broken kernels, residues, dust…) resultingfrom these decontamination procedures are highly contaminated, thus they must be destroyed andnot used in animal feed.Processes (milling, thermal treatments) from the second category are commonly used in theindustry for food production, intended to the human consumption. Many reports have also showntheir ability to reduce mycotoxins content. Of note, a few methods are already used in feed industry,such as extrusion in pet food manufacturing.The problems met with milling process, concern the toxicity of the different fractions obtainedafter grain separation. Indeed, mycotoxins tend to be concentrated in these fractions (bran andgerm) that are used in animal feed. Accordingly, decontamination procedures need to be applied onthese fractions.Regarding heat treatments, it is important to emphasize that this process may lead to theformation of unknown biologically active mycotoxin degradation products or, to the reversiblebinding of the toxin to sugar or proteins in the food/feed matrix (Humpf and Voss, 2004). Additionalinvestigations using an integrated approach combining chemical studies and appropriate bioassaymethods are needed to identify and characterize these “hidden” mycotoxins.Finally, another point to mention is the blend of contaminated crops with batches of good-qualitymaterial. Despite the effectiveness of this method in decreasing mycotoxins concentration, thepractice is prohibited within the European Union (Commission Regulation, 2001).60