Effet chez le porcelet d'une exposition à un régime co-contaminé en ...

INTRODUCTIONc) effects of AF and OTA on microscopic lesionsMicroscopic lesions following ingestion of AF and OTA contaminated feed were mostly evaluatedin the liver and kidneys, their respective target organs (Huff and Doerr, 1981). Unfortunately, thedifferent studies are not in agreement one to each other. For example, in chicken, OTA in the dietsprevented hepatic fatty infiltration that was caused by AF (Huff and Doerr, 1981). Pigs fed the cocontaminateddiet, presented the same hepatic lesions than those fed diet contaminated with AFalone (Tapia and Seawright, 1985). By contrast, Sakhare et al. (2007) recorded more severe hepaticlesions in chicken receiving the co-contaminated diet, with granular and vacuolar degenerativechanges, necrosis of liver parenchyma and areas of hemorrhages.The same discrepancy was noticed for the histology of the kidney. In pigs, Tapia and Seawright(1985) observed less severe renal lesions in animal fed the co-contaminated diet that in animalreceiving the OTA-contaminated diet. This is in agreement with the data obtained in pigs, by Harveyet al. (1989a) on the relative weight of kidney, and the data obtained by Tapia and Seawright (1985)on the creatinine and blood urea nitrogen concentrations (Table 2). Conversely, Sakhare et al. (2007)indicated that renal injuries appeared earlier and were more developed in chicken fed multicontaminateddiet that in animal receiving the mono-contaminated diets. This led to destruction oftubular epithelium, with detachment of tubular cells from basement membrane. The species usedmay explain these discrepancies.One study focused on the effect of AF and OTA on bruising in broiler chickens (Huff et al., 1983),as bloody thigh syndrome has been suspected to be associated with mycotoxicoses. This studyrevealed a severe coagulopathy, as measured by elevated prothrombin times, and, an additive andan antagonistic interaction between AF and OTA were observed for the incidence and severity ofbreast and right thigh bruises, respectively (Table 2).d) effects of AF and OTA on immunityAtrophy of lymphoid organs were observed in several studies (Kalorey et al., 2005; Raju andDevegowda, 2002; Sakhare et al., 2007; Verma et al., 2004) (Table 2). This seems to be due tonecrosis and cellular depletion, as suggested by microscopical observations with necrotic areas ingerminal centre, depopulation of lymphocytes in spleen, or depletion and necrosis of lymphoid cellsfrom follicle in bursa of Fabricius (Sakhare et al. 2007). In the bursa of Fabricius, thesehistopathological changes were more pronounced in animals fed the co-contaminated diet comparedto animal receiving the mono-contaminated diets (Sakhare et al., 2007).29