Effet chez le porcelet d'une exposition à un régime co-contaminé en ...

INTRODUCTIONon cell tissue cultures, on mice, on rats and on swine (Lu et al., 1997; Liu et al., 2001; Fernandez-Surumay et al., 2004). The products of FB1-reducing sugar reaction were characterized as N-(carboxymethyl) FB1, N-(1-deoxy-d-fructos-1-yl) FB1, N-methyl-FB1, N-(3-hydroxyacetonyl) FB1, andN-(2-hydroxy-2-carboxyethyl) FB1. In 2005, Fernandez-Surumay et al. examined the effects offumonisin B-glucose reaction products in swine fed with treated maize (see Table 7). The authorsuggested that dietary FB1-glucose might provide a detoxification approach in instances ofwidespread fumonisins grain contamination.7) Citric acidUp to 96% degradation of aflatoxin B1 occurred in maize contaminated with 93 ppb when treatedwith an aqueous citric acid (Mendez-Albores et al., 2005). In addition, they evaluated the toxicity ofacidified samples obtained in a bioassay (see Table 7). These results show the efficacy and safety ofthe acidification procedure in reducing aflatoxins levels in maize. The author suggested also that forwhole grain, it is likely that acid treatment may be less effective than for ground maize, since toxinsdeposited inside whole kernels are less likely to be exposed to acidic treatment than toxins in smallmaize particles. Toxicity of untreated aflatoxin-contaminated feed was reduced in ducks whenaqueous citric acid was applied to feed (Mendez-Albores et al., 2007; see Table 7).8) Other chemical treatmentsA complete destruction of deoxynivalenol was reported in corn contaminated with 1000 ppm ofDON, treated with 30% chlorine (v/v) for 30 min (Young, 1986). The author suggested that thetreatment might be too drastic for grains destined for human consumption but could be used inanimal feed production.Calcium hydroxide monomethylamine has been used successfully to decontaminate T-2 and HT-2toxin in maize (Bauer, 1994).Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) treatment significantly reduced the hepatocellular necrosis,biliary hyperplasia, and elevated serum enzymes commonly caused by aflatoxin B1 in turkeys. Thisdiminished pathology demonstrates a physiologic protective effect (Coulombe et al., 2005). Theseresults were supported by the fact that dietary BHT can cause significant reductions in AFB1bioavailability, AFB1-DNA adduct formation in the liver, and reduced AFB1 residues in tissues(Guarisco et al., 2008).66