REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESCASADO, J. M., THEUMER, M., MASIH, D. T., CHULZE, S. & RUBINSTEIN, H. R. 2001. Experim<strong>en</strong>talsubchronic my<strong>co</strong>toxi<strong>co</strong>ses in mice: individual and <strong>co</strong>mbined effects of dietary exposure tofumonisins and aflatoxin B1. Food and Chemical Toxi<strong>co</strong>logy, 39, 579-586.CAST 2003. My<strong>co</strong>toxins: risks in plant, animal, and human system. Report 139. 199 p. J.L. Richard andG.A. Payne, ed. CAST, Ames, USA.CASTELO, M. M. 1999. Stability of My<strong>co</strong>toxins in Thermally Processed Corn Products. Section IV. Lossof Fumonisin B1 during the Corn Flake Process with and without Sugars.CASTELO, M. M., JACKSON, L. S., HANNA, M. A., REYNOLDS, B. H. & BULLERMAN, L. B. 2001. Loss offuminosin B-1 in extruded and baked <strong>co</strong>rn-based foods with sugars. Journal of Food Sci<strong>en</strong>ce,66, 416-421.CASTELO, M. M., KATTA, S. K., SUMNER, S. S., HANNA, M. A. & BULLERMAN, L. B. 1998a. Extrusion<strong>co</strong>oking reduces re<strong>co</strong>verability of fumonisin B-1 from extruded <strong>co</strong>rn grits. Journal of FoodSci<strong>en</strong>ce, 63, 696-698.CASTELO, M. M., SUMNER, S. S. & BULLERMAN, L. B. 1998b. Stability of fumonisins in thermallyprocessed <strong>co</strong>rn products. Journal of Food Protection, 61, 1030-1033.CAZZANIGA, D., BASILICO, J. C., GONZALEZ, R. J., TORRES, R. L. & DE GREEF, D. M. 2001. My<strong>co</strong>toxinsinactivation by extrusion <strong>co</strong>oking of <strong>co</strong>rn flour. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 33, 144-147.CELIK, I., DEMET, O., DONMEZ, H. H., OGUZ, H. & BOYDAK, M. 1996. Determination of phagocytic andcandidacidal activities of peritoneal macrophages isolated from chick<strong>en</strong>s fed with aflatoxinand an aflatoxin adsorbing ag<strong>en</strong>t, polyvinylpolypyrrolidone. Veteriner Bilim<strong>le</strong>ri Dergisi, 12,145-151.CELIK, I., OGUZ, H., DEMET, O., DONMEZ, H. H., BOYDAK, M. & SUR, E. 2000. Efficacy ofpolyvinylpolypyrrolidone in reducing the imm<strong>un</strong>otoxicity of aflatoxin in growing broi<strong>le</strong>rs.British Poultry Sci<strong>en</strong>ce, 41, 430-439.CETIN, Y. & BULLERMAN, L. B. 2005. Evaluation of reduced toxicity of zeara<strong>le</strong>none by extrusionprocessing as measured by the MTT cell proliferation assay. Journal of Agricultural and FoodChemistry, 53, 6558-6563.CETIN, Y. & BULLERMAN, L. B. 2006. Confirmation of reduced toxicity of deoxyniva<strong>le</strong>nol in extrusionprocessed<strong>co</strong>rn grits by the MTT bioassay. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54,1949-1955.CHANG, C. H., YU, F. Y., WANG, L. T., LIN, Y. S. & LIU, B. H. 2009. Activation of ERK and JNK signalingpathways by my<strong>co</strong>toxin citrinin in human cells. Toxi<strong>co</strong>logy and Applied Pharma<strong>co</strong>logy, 237,281-287.CHATTERJEE, D. & MUKHERJEE, S. K. 1993. Destruction of Phagocytosis-Suppressing Activity ofAflatoxin-B(1) by Ozone. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 17, 52-54.CHELKOWSKI, J., GOLINSKI, P., GODLEWSKA, B., RADOMYSKA, W., SZEBIOTKO, K. & WIEWIOROWSKA,M. 1981. My<strong>co</strong>-Toxins in Cereal Grain .4. Inactivation of Ochratoxin-a and Other My<strong>co</strong>-ToxinsDuring Ammoniation. Nahr<strong>un</strong>g-Food, 25, 631-637.CHEN, F., MA, Y. L., XUE, C. Y., MA, J. Y., XIE, Q. M., BI, Y. Z. & CAO, Y. C. 2008. The <strong>co</strong>mbination ofdeoxyniva<strong>le</strong>nol and zeara<strong>le</strong>none at permitted feed <strong>co</strong>nc<strong>en</strong>trations causes seriousphysiological effects in yo<strong>un</strong>g pigs. Journal of Veterinary Sci<strong>en</strong>ce, 9, 39-44.CHENG, Y. H., WENG, C. F., CHEN, B. J. & CHANG, M. H. 2006. Toxicity of differ<strong>en</strong>t Fusariummy<strong>co</strong>toxins on growth performance, imm<strong>un</strong>e responses and efficacy of a my<strong>co</strong>toxindegrading <strong>en</strong>zyme in pigs. Animal Research, 55, 579-590.CHUNG, T. K. & BAKER, D. H. 1990. Phosphorus Utilization in Chicks Fed Hydrated Sodium CalciumAluminosilicate. Journal of Animal Sci<strong>en</strong>ce, 68, 1992-1998.CIEGLER, A., LILLEHOJ, E. B., PETERSON, R. E. & HALL, H. H. 1966. Microbial detoxification of aflatoxin.Applied microbiology, 14, 934-939.193
REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESCINAR, M., YILDIRIM, E., YALCINKAYA, I. & ERASLAN, G. 2008. The Effects of Yeast Glu<strong>co</strong>mannan(My<strong>co</strong>sorb) on Lipid Peroxidation and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidative Status in Experim<strong>en</strong>tallyInduced Aflatoxi<strong>co</strong>sis in Broi<strong>le</strong>rs. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 7, 539-544.COBB, M. H. 1999. MAP kinase pathways. Progress in Biophysics and Mo<strong>le</strong>cular Biology, 71, 479-500.COENEN, M. Capacity of zeolithe to depress the oestrog<strong>en</strong>ic effects of zeara<strong>le</strong>none. Proceedings ofthe Society of Nutrition and Physiology, 2001. 177.COLLINS, G. J. & ROSEN, J. D. 1981. Distribution of T-2 Toxin in Wet-Mil<strong>le</strong>d Corn Products. Journal ofFood Sci<strong>en</strong>ce, 46, 877-879.COLLINS, T. F. X., SPRANDO, R. L., BLACK, T. N., OLEJNIK, N., EPPLEY, R. M., SHACKELFORD, M. E.,HOWARD, P. C., RORIE, J. I., BRYANT, M. & RUGGLES, D. I. 2006. Effects of aminop<strong>en</strong>tol on inutero developm<strong>en</strong>t in rats. Food and Chemical Toxi<strong>co</strong>logy, 44, 161-169.COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) NO 466/2001 OF 8 MARCH 2001 SETTING MAXIMUM LEVELS FORCERTAIN CONTAMINANTS IN FOODSTUFFS, B.CONWAY, H. F., ANDERSON, R. A. & BAGLEY, E. B. 1978. Detoxification of Aflatoxin-ContaminatedCorn by Roasting. Cereal Chemistry, 55, 115-117.CORTEZ-ROCHA, M. O., TRIGO-STOCKLI, D. M., WETZEL, D. L. & REED, C. R. 2002. Effect of extrusionprocessing on fumonisin B-1 and hydrolyzed fumonisin B-1 in <strong>co</strong>ntaminated alkali-<strong>co</strong>oked<strong>co</strong>rn. Bul<strong>le</strong>tin of Environm<strong>en</strong>tal Contamination and Toxi<strong>co</strong>logy, 69, 471-478.COTE, L. M., BEASLEY, V. R., BRATICH, P. M., SWANSON, S. P., SHIVAPRASAD, H. L. & BUCK, W. B.1985. Sex-Related Reduced Weight Gains in Growing Swine Fed Diets ContainingDeoxyniva<strong>le</strong>nol. Journal of Animal Sci<strong>en</strong>ce, 61, 942-950.COULOMBE, R. A., GUARISCO, J. A., KLEIN, P. J. & HALL, J. O. 2005. Chemoprev<strong>en</strong>tion of aflatoxi<strong>co</strong>sisin poultry by dietary butylated hydroxytolu<strong>en</strong>e. Animal Feed Sci<strong>en</strong>ce and Technology, 121,217-225.CREPPY, E. E. 2002. Update of survey, regulation and toxic effects of my<strong>co</strong>toxins in Europe.Toxi<strong>co</strong>logy Letters, 127, 19-28.CUI, W., LI, L. X., SUN, C. M., WEN, Y., ZHOU, Y., DONG, Y. L. & LIU, P. 2010. Tumor necrosis factoralpha increases epithelial barrier permeability by disrupting tight j<strong>un</strong>ctions in Ca<strong>co</strong>-2 cells.Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 43, 330-337.DDAKOVIC, A., TOMASEVIC-CANOVIC, M., DONDUR, V., ROTTINGHAUS, G. E., MEDAKOVIC, V. & ZARIC,S. 2005. Adsorption of my<strong>co</strong>toxins by organozeolites. Colloids and Surfaces B-Biointerfaces,46, 20-25.DALVI, R. R. & ADEMOYERO, A. A. 1984. Toxic Effects of Aflatoxin-B1 in Chick<strong>en</strong>s Giv<strong>en</strong> FeedContaminated with Aspergillus-Flavus and Reduction of the Toxicity by Activated-Char<strong>co</strong>aland Some Chemical-Ag<strong>en</strong>ts. Avian Diseases, 28, 61-69.DALVI, R. R. & MCGOWAN, C. 1984. Experim<strong>en</strong>tal Induction of Chronic Aflatoxi<strong>co</strong>sis in Chick<strong>en</strong>s byPurified Aflatoxin-B1 and Its Reversal by Activated-Char<strong>co</strong>al, Ph<strong>en</strong>obarbital, and ReducedGlutathione. Poultry Sci<strong>en</strong>ce, 63, 485-491.DANICKE, S., GOYARTS, T. & VALENTA, H. 2007. On the specific and <strong>un</strong>specific effects of a polymericglu<strong>co</strong>mannan my<strong>co</strong>toxin adsorb<strong>en</strong>t on pig<strong>le</strong>ts wh<strong>en</strong> fed with <strong>un</strong><strong>co</strong>ntaminated or withFusarium toxins <strong>co</strong>ntaminated diets. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 61, 266-275.DE ANGELIS, I., FRIGGE, G., RAIMONDI, F., STAMMATI, A., ZUCCO, F. & CALONI, F. 2005. Absorptionof Fumonisin B-1 and aminop<strong>en</strong>tol on an in vitro model of intestinal epithelium; the ro<strong>le</strong> of P-gly<strong>co</strong>protein. Toxi<strong>co</strong>n, 45, 285-291.DE VRIES, J. E. 1995. Imm<strong>un</strong>osuppressive and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Inter<strong>le</strong>ukin 10. Annalsof Medicine, 27, 537-541.194
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AUTEUR : Bertrand GRENIERTITRE : Ef
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REMERCIEMENTSLe travail ici présen
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J’ai une pensée particulière po
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Grenier, B., Loureiro-Bracarense, A
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TABLE DES MATIERES ................
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LISTE DES ABREVIATIONSAFAflatoxineD
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FIGURES ET TABLEAUXFigure 1 : Mycot
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INTRODUCTION8
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INTRODUCTIONCONTEXTE DE L’ETUDELe
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INTRODUCTIONElle se présentait sou
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INTRODUCTIONl’utilisation de ce m
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INTRODUCTION1. Les mycotoxines : g
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INTRODUCTIONc) La zéaralénone (vo
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INTRODUCTIONleucoencéphalomalacies
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INTRODUCTIONMycotoxins co-contamina
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONFood safety
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INTRODUCTIONCHARACTERIZATION OF THE
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Quail(140 d)AF-FBRabbit(21 d)AF-FBR
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INTRODUCTIONdue to the ingestion of
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Table 2 : Interaction between Aflat
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(49 d) - RW-L ↗- Ab SRBC ↘- RW-
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INTRODUCTIONb) effects AF and OTA o
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INTRODUCTIONThe depletion of lympho
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AF-T2Chicken 0.3 - 3.0(35 d)AF-T2Ra
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INTRODUCTIONonly seen in birds give
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(30 d) 2AF-RUBGuinea pig 0.02 bw -(
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INTRODUCTIONbetween AF and CPA on t
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(21 day) - RBC, hemoglobin ↗- AST
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INTRODUCTIONII. INTERACTIONS BETWEE
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INTRODUCTIONwhereas in the experime
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INTRODUCTION2.2) TCT type A and BTw
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Table 6 : Interaction between Ochra
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T2-CPAChicken(28 d)T2-CPAChicken(21
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INTRODUCTIONexposed group (Brown et
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INTRODUCTION2.3) Interaction betwee
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INTRODUCTIONeffects in comparison t
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INTRODUCTION3. Procédés de décon
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INTRODUCTIONPhysical and chemical m
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONConsumption
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INTRODUCTIONmm screen shows that fr
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INTRODUCTIONseparate the grain into
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Table 7 : toxicological evaluation
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INTRODUCTIONextrusion parameters ra
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INTRODUCTION- an important loss of
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INTRODUCTIONal., 2005). The fate of
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INTRODUCTIONby a steeping period. S
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INTRODUCTIONon cell tissue cultures
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INTRODUCTIONCONCLUSIONDetoxificatio
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INTRODUCTIONMycotoxin Reduction in
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONMycotoxin-p
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INTRODUCTIONI. ADSORPTION OF MYCOTO
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Rats3000 ppb 0.5 %2500 ppb 0.5 %250
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INTRODUCTIONIn studies of the poten
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INTRODUCTIONSubstances investigated
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Table 9 : Outcome of yeast cell wal
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INTRODUCTIONFurthermore, cholestyra
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INTRODUCTIONwall peptidoglycans and
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INTRODUCTIONII. BIOLOGICAL DETOXIFI
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INTRODUCTIONdecrease in toxin-conce
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INTRODUCTIONCONCLUSIONPrevention an
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TRAVAILEXPERIMENTAL90
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALtoxicité gén
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALRESUME DES ETUD
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALChronic ingesti
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALINTRODUCTIONMyc
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALMATERIAL & METH
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALthrough a grade
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Figure 5ABCDVilli height (µm)5432a
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALRESULTS1) Histo
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Figure 8ILEUM2.01.6TNF-αbbb2.52.0I
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTAL3) Intestinal i
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALtreated group t
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALThe potencial e
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALQuantification
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Figure 10 :(a) Réaction de deesté
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALrévélé de l
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALABSTRACTFumonis
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALintestinal leve
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTAL3) Experimental
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALthe importance
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Figure 11 : Effects of FB1 and HFB1
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Table 15 : Effects of FB1 and HFB1
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Table 17 : Effects of FB1 and HFB1
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALDISCUSSIONThe a
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALassociated lymp
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALHartinger et al
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Figure 13 :(a) Transformation par v
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Figure 14 :Illustrations de la proc
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Figure 15 :Plan expérimental de la
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTAL4) Analyses du
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTAL9) Analyses sta
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALRESULTATS1) Eff
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTAL2) Effet des ag
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALb,cca,ba,b,da,d
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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALL’exposition
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