Effet chez le porcelet d'une exposition Ã un rÃ©gime co-contaminÃ© en ...

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TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALintestinal level, the first compartment of the organism to be exposed to natural contaminants.Furthermore, the number of publications on the effects of FB1 and especially its hydrolyzed form onthe gastrointestinal tract is very poor.129
TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALMATERIAL & METHODS1) AnimalsAll animal experimentation procedures were carried out in accordance with the EuropeanGuidelines for the Care and Use of Animals for Research Purposes (Directive 86/609/EEC). Eighteen,4-week-old weaned female pigs (Pietrain/Duroc/Large-white) were obtained locally. Animals wereacclimatized for 1 week in the animal facility of the INRA Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology(Toulouse, France), prior to being used in experimental protocols. Six pigs were allocated to eachtreatment on the basis of body weight. During the 14-day experimental period, animals were givenfree access to water and were fed with a basal diet ad libitum, as previously described (Grenier et al.,2011).2) Experimental treatmentsThree solutions were prepared and orally administered to piglets. These solutions consisted toone control solution, one FB1 solution and one HFB1 solution. Lyophilized culture material ofFusarium verticillioides, containing 13.7 g FB1/kg, was used to prepare the FB1 solution (Biopure –Romer Labs Diagnostic GmbH, Tulln, Austria). Briefly, culture material was resuspended in sodiumphosphate buffer, centrifuged and supernatant collected. This supernatant extract was separatedinto two equal volumes. From one of this extract, the HFB1 solution was obtained by hydrolysis ofthe FB1 with a carboxylesterase, FumD. This fumonisin carboxylesterase was first prepared byfermentation of recombinant Pichia pastoris as previously described (Heinl et al., 2010), and thelyophilized fermentation supernatant containing the FumD enzyme was dissolved in water at 100mg/mL, and added to one of the FB1 extract. Both extracts (FB1 and HFB1) were incubated overnightand heat-inactivated by boiling in a microwave. A portion of the FumD solution was heat-inactivated,and the same amount of enzyme that was used for preparation of HFB1 extract was added to theintact FB1 extract. Samples of both extracts were analyzed by LC-MS to confirm that the FB1 washydrolyzed and intact, respectively, in the two extracts. The extracts were found to contain 530 mgFB1/L and HFB1 equimolar to this concentration. The control solution contained sodium phosphatebuffer and the same concentration of heat-inactivated FumD as added to the two extracts.The three solutions were administered to animals by gavage at 3.77 mL/kg body weight/day,concentration equivalent to 2 mg FB1/kg b.w/day (equals HFB1 equimolar to 2 mg FB1/kg b.w/day).130
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AUTEUR : Bertrand GRENIERTITRE : Ef
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REMERCIEMENTSLe travail ici présen
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J’ai une pensée particulière po
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Grenier, B., Loureiro-Bracarense, A
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TABLE DES MATIERES ................
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LISTE DES ABREVIATIONSAFAflatoxineD
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FIGURES ET TABLEAUXFigure 1 : Mycot
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INTRODUCTION8
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INTRODUCTIONCONTEXTE DE L’ETUDELe
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INTRODUCTIONElle se présentait sou
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INTRODUCTIONl’utilisation de ce m
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INTRODUCTION1. Les mycotoxines : g
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INTRODUCTIONc) La zéaralénone (vo
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INTRODUCTIONleucoencéphalomalacies
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INTRODUCTIONMycotoxins co-contamina
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONFood safety
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INTRODUCTIONCHARACTERIZATION OF THE
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Quail(140 d)AF-FBRabbit(21 d)AF-FBR
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INTRODUCTIONdue to the ingestion of
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Table 2 : Interaction between Aflat
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(49 d) - RW-L ↗- Ab SRBC ↘- RW-
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INTRODUCTIONb) effects AF and OTA o
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INTRODUCTIONThe depletion of lympho
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AF-T2Chicken 0.3 - 3.0(35 d)AF-T2Ra
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INTRODUCTIONonly seen in birds give
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(30 d) 2AF-RUBGuinea pig 0.02 bw -(
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INTRODUCTIONbetween AF and CPA on t
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(21 day) - RBC, hemoglobin ↗- AST
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INTRODUCTIONII. INTERACTIONS BETWEE
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INTRODUCTIONwhereas in the experime
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INTRODUCTION2.2) TCT type A and BTw
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Table 6 : Interaction between Ochra
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T2-CPAChicken(28 d)T2-CPAChicken(21
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INTRODUCTIONexposed group (Brown et
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INTRODUCTION2.3) Interaction betwee
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INTRODUCTIONeffects in comparison t
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INTRODUCTION3. Procédés de décon
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INTRODUCTIONPhysical and chemical m
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONConsumption
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INTRODUCTIONmm screen shows that fr
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INTRODUCTIONseparate the grain into
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Table 7 : toxicological evaluation
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INTRODUCTIONextrusion parameters ra
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INTRODUCTION- an important loss of
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INTRODUCTIONal., 2005). The fate of
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INTRODUCTIONby a steeping period. S
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INTRODUCTIONon cell tissue cultures
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INTRODUCTIONCONCLUSIONDetoxificatio
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INTRODUCTIONMycotoxin Reduction in
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONMycotoxin-p
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INTRODUCTIONI. ADSORPTION OF MYCOTO
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Rats3000 ppb 0.5 %2500 ppb 0.5 %250
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INTRODUCTIONIn studies of the poten
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INTRODUCTIONSubstances investigated
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Table 9 : Outcome of yeast cell wal
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INTRODUCTIONFurthermore, cholestyra
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INTRODUCTIONwall peptidoglycans and
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INTRODUCTIONII. BIOLOGICAL DETOXIFI
Page 118 and 119: INTRODUCTIONdecrease in toxin-conce
Page 120 and 121: INTRODUCTIONCONCLUSIONPrevention an
Page 122 and 123: TRAVAILEXPERIMENTAL90
Page 124 and 125: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALtoxicité gén
Page 126 and 127: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALRESUME DES ETUD
Page 128 and 129: These are not the final page number
Page 140 and 141: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALChronic ingesti
Page 142 and 143: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALINTRODUCTIONMyc
Page 144 and 145: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALMATERIAL & METH
Page 146 and 147: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALthrough a grade
Page 148 and 149: Figure 5ABCDVilli height (µm)5432a
Page 150 and 151: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALRESULTS1) Histo
Page 152 and 153: Figure 8ILEUM2.01.6TNF-αbbb2.52.0I
Page 154 and 155: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTAL3) Intestinal i
Page 156 and 157: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALtreated group t
Page 158 and 159: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALThe potencial e
Page 160 and 161: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALQuantification
Page 162 and 163: Figure 10 :(a) Réaction de deesté
Page 164 and 165: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALrévélé de l
Page 166 and 167: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALABSTRACTFumonis
Page 170 and 171: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTAL3) Experimental
Page 172 and 173: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALthe importance
Page 174 and 175: Figure 11 : Effects of FB1 and HFB1
Page 176 and 177: Table 15 : Effects of FB1 and HFB1
Page 178 and 179: Table 17 : Effects of FB1 and HFB1
Page 180 and 181: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALDISCUSSIONThe a
Page 182 and 183: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALassociated lymp
Page 184 and 185: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALHartinger et al
Page 186 and 187: Figure 13 :(a) Transformation par v
Page 188 and 189: Figure 14 :Illustrations de la proc
Page 190 and 191: Figure 15 :Plan expérimental de la
Page 192 and 193: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTAL4) Analyses du
Page 194 and 195: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTAL9) Analyses sta
Page 196 and 197: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALRESULTATS1) Eff
Page 198 and 199: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTAL2) Effet des ag
Page 200 and 201: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALb,cca,ba,b,da,d
Page 202 and 203: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALL’exposition
Page 204 and 205: Figure 21 : Effet de l’exposition
Page 206 and 207: 1,41,21,00,80,60,40,20,0IL‐8a,cc
Page 208 and 209: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALDISCUSSIONLes o
Page 210 and 211: TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALœdèmes pulmon
Page 212 and 213: DISCUSSIONGENERALE160
Page 214 and 215: DISCUSSION GENERALEDans ce travail
Page 216 and 217: DISCUSSION GENERALEdes vaches laiti
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Tableau 24 : Analyse de denrées ag
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DISCUSSION GENERALEet al., 2008b).
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DISCUSSION GENERALE• une réactio
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DISCUSSION GENERALE2. Les systèmes
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DISCUSSION GENERALEMycoplasma agala
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DISCUSSION GENERALEoptimale. Les au
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DISCUSSION GENERALEsphingomyéline
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DISCUSSION GENERALEsignalisation ce
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DISCUSSION GENERALEL’IMMUNITÉ IN
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DISCUSSION GENERALEplus spécifique
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DISCUSSION GENERALEsouligner que le
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DISCUSSION GENERALELA CARBOXYLESTER
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DISCUSSION GENERALEde HFB1. Toutefo
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CONCLUSIONS184
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CONCLUSIONSLes effets d’expositio
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CONCLUSIONSest utilisée lorsque la
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESAABDEL-W
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESBHANDARI
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESCASADO,
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESDEGIRMEN
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESETIENNE,
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESGRENIER,
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESHERZALLA
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESKERKADI,
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESKUMAR, M
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESMARZOCCO
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESODHAV, B
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESPFOHL-LE
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESREFAI, M
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESSCHWARTZ
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESSWANSON,
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESVEKIRU,
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REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUESYAN, D.,
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