Effet chez le porcelet d'une exposition à un régime co-contaminé en ...

TRAVAIL EXPERIMENTALABSTRACTAlthough low levels of multiple mycotoxins are frequently encountered in commodities, there is alack of data on the potential risk of mycotoxin multi-contamination, especially at low doses.Deoxynivalenol (DON) and Fumonisins (FB) are both produced by Fusarium species and naturally cooccurin animal diets. Individually, these mycotoxins exert numerous toxicological effects accordingto doses ingested, and are therefore of concern in terms of animal health. Because the gastrointestinaltract represents the first barrier met by exogenous food/feed compounds, the purpose ofthis study was to investigate the effects of DON and FB, alone and in combination on some intestinalparameters, including morphology, expression of tight junction or cytokines expression. Twenty-four5-wk-old piglets were randomly assigned to four different groups, receiving separate diets for 5weeks, a control diet, a diet contaminated with either DON (3mg/kg) or FB (6mg/kg) or both toxins.Chronic ingestion of these contaminated diets induced histological changes, as shown by thedecreased villi height and cell proliferation in jejunum, and by the reduced number of goblet cells inboth jejunum and ileum. The low doses used potentiated the cytokines secretion all along theintestine, especially IL-1β and TNF-α. Upregulation of these two cytokines could be the cause of thedefective expression observed in the ileal segment for two junction proteins, occludin and E-cadherin. This alteration in cell adhesion suggests that consumption of DON and FB could predisposeanimals to enteric infection through impairment of the intestinal barrier function. To conclude, theintestinal response observed for the co-contaminated diet was similar to the response to monocontaminateddiets for the majority of parameters evaluated, indicating no synergistic effect.109