CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY DAREN BOWYER JUST WAR DOCTRINE

motivational factors, related to cause, have a contributory part in the ‘friction of war.’
This would support the ‘Montgomery’ view identified above; if belief in cause is not
actually fundamental (the ‘Slim’ view), then its absence is at least an inhibitor to
military effectiveness.
Figure 2-4 The HERO Model
To return briefly to Moran, his central thesis is that individuals have a well of courage
on which they can draw, but it is neither limitless nor easily refilled. There are things
that can add to the well, props a man can lean on, shoring up the walls of the well, to
continue the analogy, and it seems reasonable to argue that belief in cause and pride in
the morality of his own and his colleagues’ conduct will be among these. By contrast,
those things considered above as adding to ‘friction’ will have a negative effect on the
well’s depth: ‘The story of how courage was spent in France is a picture of sensitive
men using up their will power under discouraging circumstances while one by one their
moral props were knocked down.’ 236
In a political age that has become somewhat characterised by ‘spin’ it is perhaps worth
heeding also Moran’s experience that:
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