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Grammatically Correct: The writer's essential guide to punctuation ...

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GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT<br />

This program enables you <strong>to</strong>: move text around, change its appearance,<br />

add graphics and run a spell-check.<br />

She's particularly good at sports such as: tennis, squash and racquetball.<br />

<strong>The</strong> next section presents: an overview of our last study, a review of the<br />

background literature and a detailed rationale for our current work.<br />

STRENGTHENING CONNECTIONS<br />

OR ADDING El\1PHASIS<br />

This section describes a subtler role of the colon: that of clarifying<br />

relationships or underlining a point.<br />

RECOMMENDATION: USE A COLON<br />

TO MAKE CONNECTIONS CLEARER<br />

When one unit of information expands on or derives from another,<br />

you can make their relationship more obvious by linking them with<br />

a colon. <strong>The</strong> colon alerts the reader <strong>to</strong> the fact that whatever was<br />

just said has some special significance, so particular attention should<br />

be paid <strong>to</strong> what follows.<br />

Compare the following two passages:<br />

Glancing at the calendar, Mor<strong>to</strong>n made a mental note <strong>to</strong> buy a card that<br />

afternoon. He had not forgotten Great-Aunt Alma's birthday in eight<br />

years. <strong>The</strong> one time he had, she had temporarily cut him out of her will.<br />

Glancing at the calendar, Mor<strong>to</strong>n made a mental note <strong>to</strong> buy a card that<br />

afternoon. He had not forgotten Great-Aunt Alma's birthday in eight<br />

years: <strong>The</strong> one time he had, she had temporarily cut him out of her will.<br />

In version A, the reader has no way of anticipating that the<br />

information in the second sentence-Mor<strong>to</strong>n's keeping track of the<br />

birthday-has any particular significance. He's apparently a thoughtful<br />

guy who remembers old ladies' birthdays, that's all. But then the<br />

next sentence comes along and forces a reinterpretation of this<br />

impression. In version B, while the reader still won't know Mor<strong>to</strong>n's<br />

motive until the end, the colon makes it clear that there is a motive;<br />

that is, there's more <strong>to</strong> Mor<strong>to</strong>n's card-giving than just being a good<br />

nephew. Unlike version A, the reader will not have <strong>to</strong> s<strong>to</strong>p and<br />

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