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Grammatically Correct: The writer's essential guide to punctuation ...

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GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT<br />

presented in Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary. Another<br />

source might differ on a few.)<br />

Since the language is constantly evolving, not every compound<br />

word will appear in the dictionary, and you will sometimes have <strong>to</strong><br />

make your own decisions. If the combination you want does not<br />

have its own dictionary entry, you may usually assume it should be<br />

written as two words. However, with compound words that are<br />

relatively new <strong>to</strong> the language, the rules aren't hard-and-fast. <strong>The</strong>re's<br />

a general trend for a new compound <strong>to</strong> start out as open, <strong>to</strong> acquire<br />

a hyphen as it becomes used more frequently and eventually <strong>to</strong><br />

merge in<strong>to</strong> one word. Before a consensus is reached, all three forms<br />

may be considered acceptable. For example, the computer terms<br />

soft copy, soft-copy and sojtcopy all are commonly seen as both<br />

noun and adjective.<br />

COMPOUND NOUNS<br />

With some compound nouns, more than one style may be acceptable.<br />

For example:<br />

carry-over or carryover<br />

lay-offs or layoffs<br />

make-up or makeup<br />

send-off or sen doff<br />

short-list or shortlist<br />

Compound nouns that comprise more than two words, such as<br />

idioms and phrases, usually take hyphens. This isn't invariable, however,<br />

so always check-a good dictionary includes multiword phrases<br />

and expressions. If a phrase does not have its own listing, assume<br />

it does not take hyphens.<br />

26<br />

She's such a stick-in-the-mud.<br />

He's a Johnny-come-lately.<br />

<strong>The</strong> place was just a hole-in-the-wall.<br />

But:<br />

<strong>The</strong> deal sounded like a pig in a poke.<br />

She was his partner in crime.<br />

<strong>The</strong> beach was just a hop, skip and jump from the hotel.

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