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Grammatically Correct: The writer's essential guide to punctuation ...

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GRAMMAR<br />

person plural. Many readers would be turned off by such phrasings as<br />

Now that we have defined our terms, let's work through an<br />

example. <strong>The</strong> focus of "user-friendliness" should be on clear communication<br />

and avoidance of bafflegab; not on a pretense that you're<br />

holding hands with your readers as they turn the pages.<br />

• Use of the second person is, of course, common in any writing<br />

that addresses the reader directly. Apart from this, sometimes an<br />

interesting strategy is <strong>to</strong> use it where the first person would normally<br />

go. This tends <strong>to</strong> generalize what the speaker is saying, inviting the<br />

reader or listener <strong>to</strong> relate more personally <strong>to</strong> the text even if it<br />

obviously is describing the experiences of the narra<strong>to</strong>r.<br />

A little smoke couldn't be noticed now, so we would take some<br />

fish off the lines and cook up a hot breakfast. And afterwards we would<br />

watch the lonesomeness of the river, and kind of lazy along, and by<br />

and by lazy off <strong>to</strong> sleep. Wake up by and by, and look <strong>to</strong> see what<br />

done it, and maybe see a steamboat coughing along upstream, so far<br />

off <strong>to</strong>ward the other side you couldn't tell nothing about her only<br />

whether she was a stern-wheel or a side-wheel; then for about an hour<br />

there wouldn't be nothing <strong>to</strong> hear nor nothing <strong>to</strong> see-just solid lone­<br />

someness. Next you'd see a raft sliding by, away off yonder, and maybe<br />

a galoot on it chopping, because they're most always doing it on a<br />

raft; you'd see the ax flash and come down-you don't hear nothing;<br />

you see that ax go up again, and by the time it's above the man's<br />

head then you hear the k'chunk!-it had <strong>to</strong>ok all that time <strong>to</strong> come<br />

over the water. Once there was a thick fog, and the rafts and things<br />

that went by was beating tin pans so the steamboats wouldn't run<br />

over them. A scow or a raft went by so close we could hear them<br />

talking and cussing and laughing-heard them plain; but we couldn't<br />

see no sign of them; it made you feel crawly; it was like spirits carrying<br />

on that way in the air. Jim said he believed it was spirits; but I says:<br />

"No; spirits wouldn't say, 'Dern the dern fog.' "<br />

-MARK TWAIN, <strong>The</strong> Adventures of Huckleberry Finn<br />

• Writers and speakers sometimes employ one instead of I <strong>to</strong><br />

refer <strong>to</strong> themselves, despite one actually being in the third person.<br />

In dialogue, you can use this strategy <strong>to</strong> impart certain nuances,<br />

such as self-consciousness or pomposity, <strong>to</strong> a character's words.<br />

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