22.06.2013 Views

Grammatically Correct: The writer's essential guide to punctuation ...

Grammatically Correct: The writer's essential guide to punctuation ...

Grammatically Correct: The writer's essential guide to punctuation ...

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT<br />

Of little importance or lacking a nonissue, nonevent,<br />

normal positive aspect noninformation<br />

UN-, IN-, IL-, IM-, IR-<br />

Largely the same as non: the<br />

reverse of or absence of<br />

Some words take un<br />

Some take in<br />

Some words starting with I take il<br />

Some words starting with b, m or<br />

p take im<br />

Some words starting with r<br />

take ir<br />

undrinkable, unaltered,<br />

undressed, uninspiring,<br />

unenforced<br />

inattentive, inability, incapable<br />

illegal, illegitimate<br />

imbalance, immobile, implausible<br />

irrefutable, irrevocable<br />

Note, however, that many other words that begin with these<br />

letters take the prefixes in, un or non.<br />

-LESS<br />

Without, devoid of<br />

Unable <strong>to</strong> do or <strong>to</strong> be done<br />

-FREE<br />

Unencumbered with; not<br />

containing something<br />

undesirable<br />

witless, shoeless, peerless,<br />

motionless, classless<br />

helpless, countless, resistless<br />

crime-free, smoke-free, frost-free,<br />

caffeine-free<br />

<strong>The</strong>re is clearly a great deal of overlap, which is why you have<br />

<strong>to</strong> check the dictionary for any word you're not certain of. If no<br />

official negative construction for a word is given, it is usually most<br />

appropriate <strong>to</strong> create its negative by prefixing it with either un or<br />

non, sometimes adding a hyphen if the combination looks a bit<br />

shaky.<br />

To complicate matters further, in a few cases a negative prefix<br />

differs for different forms of a word: incomplete but uncompleted,<br />

unrepressed but irrepressible, undisputed but indisputable. And<br />

while some base words have more than one acceptable negative<br />

50

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!