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Grammatically Correct: The writer's essential guide to punctuation ...

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GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT<br />

also works with them and they, but not with her and she, since<br />

there is nom in either of those words.) Thus: He is calling; I wish<br />

<strong>to</strong> speak <strong>to</strong> him; we wanted <strong>to</strong> support him; she said he is her<br />

masseur; he will win; they'll choose him; we figured they would be<br />

interested; we figured the cus<strong>to</strong>mers would believe them.<br />

You can use the same strategy <strong>to</strong> determine whether a sentence<br />

should take whoever or whomever. Thus,<br />

Would whoever borrowed the karaoke machine please keep it.<br />

[he borrowed it]<br />

Whoever is responsible for this mess should clean it up.<br />

[he is responsible]<br />

Please return that hideous lamps hade <strong>to</strong> whomever you got it from.<br />

[you got it from him]<br />

Feel free <strong>to</strong> go sky-surfing with whomever you want.<br />

[you want him]<br />

In everyday speech, most people would probably say Who do you<br />

think they'll choose? or Feel free <strong>to</strong> go sky-surfing with whoever<br />

you want. Whether or not you make the subjective/objective distinction<br />

in such cases should depend on the formality of your writing.<br />

WHEN DO YOU USE THAT AND WHEN WHICH?<br />

<strong>The</strong> issue here is how the information that follows the pronoun<br />

relates <strong>to</strong> the subject of the sentence.<br />

Use that when the dependent clause is providing identifying information<br />

about the subject. For example: Spiders that live underground<br />

do not spin webs. <strong>The</strong> subject of the sentence is spidersbut<br />

not all spiders. <strong>The</strong> dependent clause that live underground<br />

applies <strong>to</strong> only some species of spider, and hence is acting <strong>to</strong> further<br />

identify the subject.<br />

Use which when the clause is simply providing additional information<br />

about a subject that is already fully identified. For example:<br />

Spiders, which have eight legs, are not classified as insects.<br />

Again, the subject is spiders, and in this case we mean all spiders.<br />

<strong>The</strong> dependent clause which have eight legs applies <strong>to</strong> every species<br />

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