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Grammatically Correct: The writer's essential guide to punctuation ...

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GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT<br />

Combining a question mark and an exclamation point may occasionally<br />

be appropriate, but should be kept <strong>to</strong> a minimum.<br />

STYLE CONVENTIONS<br />

<strong>The</strong> question mark and exclamation point follow similar rules when<br />

it comes <strong>to</strong> style conventions and so are reviewed <strong>to</strong>gether here.<br />

• When a question mark or exclamation point occurs in the<br />

middle of a sentence, do not follow it with a comma. This holds<br />

whether the text preceding the mark is dialogue, unvoiced thought<br />

with no surrounding quotation marks, or straight narrative.<br />

Bart said, "Nonsense!" and ambled off.<br />

"You don't really mean that?" she asked incredulously.<br />

Did he really mean it? she wondered.<br />

Now here was a pretty kettle of fish! I said <strong>to</strong> myself.<br />

Who would blink first? was the question.<br />

We had barely made it <strong>to</strong> the door when crash! everything collapsed.<br />

• When a question mark or exclamation point appears at the end<br />

of a sentence, do not follow it with a period, even if it applies only<br />

<strong>to</strong> the last words. <strong>The</strong> context will make it clear <strong>to</strong> readers whether<br />

or not the entire sentence is querying or exclama<strong>to</strong>ry. For illustrations<br />

of this, see the discussion under "Period" on page 108.<br />

• When a question mark or exclamation point follows quoted text,<br />

place it after the closing quotation mark if it applies <strong>to</strong> the entire<br />

sentence, and before if it applies <strong>to</strong> just the quoted part. For illustrations<br />

of this, see the section on style conventions under "Quotation<br />

Marks" on page 182.<br />

• When a question mark or exclamation point applies only <strong>to</strong><br />

text enclosed within parentheses, it does not affect the terminal<br />

<strong>punctuation</strong> for the remainder of the sentence. See the section on<br />

style conventions under "Parentheses" on page 150.<br />

• When a question mark or exclamation point immediately follows<br />

italicized text, italicize it as well.<br />

124<br />

Surely you didn't mean me?<br />

Come here immediately!

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