Global Report on Human Settlements 2007 - PoA-ISS

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Statistical annex
NOMENCLATURE AND
ORDER OF PRESENTATION
Tables A.1 to A.5 contain regional, income and development
aggregates data. Tables B.1 to B.13 and C.1 to C.7 contain
national- and city-level data, respectively. In these tables, the
countries or areas are listed in English alphabetical order
within the macro-regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin
America, Northern America and Oceania. Countries or area
names are presented in the form commonly used within the
United Nations Secretariat for statistical purposes. Due to
space limitations, the short name is used – for example, the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is
referred to as ‘United Kingdom’.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Assault: Physical attack against the body of another person,
including battery but excluding indecent assault. Some
criminal or penal codes distinguish between aggravated
assault and simple assault, depending on the degree of
resulting injury.
Automobile theft: The removal of a motor vehicle without
the consent of the owner of the vehicle.
Bribery: Requesting and/or accepting material or personal
benefits, or the promise thereof, in connection with the
performance of a public function for an action that may or
may not be a violation of law and/or promising as well as
giving material or personal benefits to a public officer in
exchange for a requested favor.
Burglary: Unlawful entry into someone else’s premises
with the intention to commit a crime.
Control of corruption: The extent to which public power is
exercised for private gain, including both petty and grand
forms of corruption, as well as ‘capture’ of the state by elites
and private interests.
Drug-related crimes: Intentional acts that involve the cultivation,
production, manufacture, extraction, preparation,
offering for sale, distribution, purchase, sale, delivery on any
terms whatsoever, brokerage, dispatch, dispatch in transit,
transport, importation, exportation and possession of internationally
controlled drugs.
Embezzlement: The wrongful appropriation of another
person’s property that is already in the possession of the
person doing the appropriating.
Expenditure on health: This covers expenditure on health
services (preventive and curative), family planning activities,
nutrition activities and emergency aid designated for health,
but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Fraud: The acquisition of another person’s property by
deception.
Gini index: This measures the extent to which the distribution
of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure)
among individuals or households within an economy deviates
from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the
cumulative percentages of total income received against the
cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest
individual or household. The Gini index measures the area
between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of
absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum
area under the line. Thus, a Gini index of 0 represents
perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies absolute
inequality.
Government effectiveness: The quality of public services,
the quality of the civil service and the degree of its
independence from political pressures, the quality of policy
formulation and implementation, and the credibility of the
government’s commitment to such policies.
GNI per capita (PPP): This is gross national income divided
by midyear population and converted to international dollars
using purchasing power parity rates.
Hospital beds: Include inpatient beds available in public,
private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation
centres. In most cases, beds for both acute and chronic care
are included.
Household: The concept of household is based on the
arrangements made by persons, individually or in groups, for
providing themselves with food or other essentials for living.
A household may be either:
• A one-person household – that is to say, a person who
makes provision for his or her own food or other essentials
for living without combining with any other person
to form a part of a multiperson household; or
• A multiperson household – that is to say, a group of two
or more persons living together who make common
provision for food or other essentials for living. The
persons in the group may pool their incomes and may,
to a greater or lesser extent, have a common budget;
they may be related or unrelated persons or constitute a
combination of persons both related and unrelated. This
concept of household is known as the ‘housekeeping’
concept. It does not assume that the number of households
and housing units is equal. Although the concept
of housing unit implies that it is a space occupied by
one household, it may also be occupied by more than
one household or by a part of a household (for example,
two nuclear households that share one housing unit for
economic reasons or one household in a polygamous
society routinely occupying two or more housing units).
Improved drinking water coverage: This is an indicator
expressed as the percentage of people using improved drink-