Global Report on Human Settlements 2007 - PoA-ISS

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422 Enhancing Urban Safety and Security Assessment <strong>Report</strong> of the IPCC, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, Switzerland, pp69–110 Munich Re (2004) Megacities: Megarisks: Trends and Challenges for Insurance and Risk Management, Munich Re, www.munichre.com/publications/ 302–04271_en.pdf Mura, P., C. Chatelain, V. Dumestre, J. M. Gaulier, M. H. Ghysel, C. Lacriox, M. F. Kergueris, M. Lhermitte, M. Moulsma, G. Pepin, F. Vincent and P. Kintz (2006) ‘Use of drugs of abuse in less than 30-year-old drivers killed in a road crash in France: A spectacular increase for cannabis, cocaine and amphetamines’, Forensic Science International 160: 168–172 Mycoo, M. (2006) ‘The retreat of the upper and middle classes to gated communities in the poststructural adjustment era: The case of Trinidad’, Environment and Planning A 38: 131–148 Nanning Municipal Government (2007) ‘Faster, better and safer: The introduction of Nanning city Emergency Communication Center’, paper prepared for <strong>Global</strong> <strong>Report</strong> on Human Settlements 2007 National Counterterrorism Center (2005) ‘A chronology of significant international terrorism for 2004’, http://www.tkb.org/documents/Downloads/NCTC_Re port.pdf National Crime Prevention Centre (2005) Overview of Funding Programs, National Crime Prevention Centre, Ottawa, Networks on the Patterning of Property Offenses, www.publicsafety.gc.ca/prg/cp/index-en.asp National Labour Committee, El Salvador (2001) Salvador Earthquake: From Poverty to Misery, www.nlcnet.org Nedoroscik, J. A. (1997) The City of the Dead: A History of Cairo’s Cemetery Communities, Bergin and Garvey, Westport, CT Neuwirth, R. (2007) ‘Security of tenure in Istanbul: The triumph of the “self service city”’, Unpublished case study prepared for <strong>Global</strong> <strong>Report</strong> on Human Settlements 2007 New Scientist (2002) ‘Fresh evidence on Bhopal disaster’, New Scientist, 4 December New York City (undated) New York City Marshalls, Department of Investigation, www.nyc.gov/html/doi/ html/marshals/marshal_main.html Newman, O. (1973) Defensible Space: Crime Prevention through Urban Design, Macmillan, New York Ngugi, M. (2005) ‘Dream come true for slum dwellers’, The Standard, 26 April, Nairobi Nicholls, R. J. (2004) ‘Coastal megacities and climate change’, GeoJournal 37(3): 369–379 Nisbett R. E. and D. Cohen (1996) Culture of Honor: The Psychology of Violence in the South, Westview, Boulder, CO Norris, F. H. 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Candu (2007) ‘The Dutch experience: A history of institutional learning’, Unpublished case study prepared for <strong>Global</strong> <strong>Report</strong> on Human Settlements 2007 OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe) (2004) Responding to Natural Disaster in Bosnia and Herzegovina, www.osce.org/item/193.html Oxfam International (2005a) The Tsunami’s Impact on Women: Oxfam Briefing Note, Oxfam International, www.oxfam.org.uk/what_we_do/issues/ conflict_disasters/downloads/bn_tsunami_women.pdf Oxfam International (2005b) A Place to Stay, A Place to Live, Oxfam Briefing Note, www.oxfam.org.uk/ what_we_do/issues/conflict_disasters/downloads/ bn_tsunami_shelter.pdf Özerdem, A. and S. Barakat (2000) ‘After the Marmara earthquake: Lessons for avoiding short cuts to disasters’, Third World Quarterly 21(93): 425–439 PAHO (Pan-American Health Organization) (undated) Gender and Natural Disasters, Women Health and Development Program Fact Sheet, www.paho.org/ English/DPM/GPP/GH/genderdisasters.pdf Pantoja, E. (2002) Microfinance and Disaster Risk Management: Experiences and Lessons Learned,
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(2001c) ‘Settling for more: Innovative approaches to tenure for the urban poor’, in UN–Habitat and ESCAP (ed) Seminar on Securing Land for the Urban Poor, Fukuoka, Japan, 2–4 October Payne, G. (2001d) ‘The impact of regulation on the livelihoods of the poor’, Paper presented at the International Workshop on Regulatory Guidelines for Urban Upgrading, 17–18 May, Bourton-on-Dunsmore Payne, G. (2001e) ‘Urban land tenure policy options: Titles or rights?’ Habitat International 25(3): 415–429 Payne, G. (ed) (2002) Land, Rights and Innovation: Improving Tenure Security for the Urban Poor, ITDG Publishing, London Payne, G. (2005) ‘Getting ahead of the game: A twintrack approach to improving existing slums and reducing the need for future slums’, Environment and Urbanization 17(1), pp133–145 Payne, G. and M. Majale (2004) The Urban Housing Manual: Making Regulatory Frameworks Work for the Poor, Earthscan, London Peacock, W. G., S. D. Brody and W. 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ENHANCING URBAN SAFETY AND SECURITY
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First published by Earthscan in the
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INTRODUCTION Enhancing Urban Safety
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The preparation of
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x Enhancing Urban Safety and Securi
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LIST OF FIGURES, BOXES AND TABLES F
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4 Understanding Urban Safety and Se
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1 CHAPTER CURRENT THREATS TO URBAN
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Current threats to urban safety and
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2 CHAPTER VULNERABILITY, RISK AND R
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Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
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29 simply ‘give up’ in the face
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46 Urban crime and violence Box II.
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48 Urban crime and violence it has
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50 Urban crime and violence Formal
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52 Urban crime and violence Contact
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54 Urban crime and violence Per 100
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56 Urban crime and violence Burglar
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58 Urban crime and violence Percent
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60 Urban crime and violence Figure
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62 Urban crime and violence Table 3
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64 Urban crime and violence Youth g
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68 Urban crime and violence Type of
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70 Urban crime and violence From a
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72 Urban crime and violence One vio
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74 Urban crime and violence High ho
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76 Urban crime and violence Abused
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78 Urban crime and violence General
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82 Urban crime and violence porate
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4 CHAPTER URBAN CRIME AND VIOLENCE:
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86 Urban crime and violence UN-Habi
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88 Urban crime and violence Box 4.2
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90 Urban crime and violence Box 4.4
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92 Urban crime and violence Legisla
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94 Urban crime and violence above w
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96 Urban crime and violence Campaig
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98 Urban crime and violence Availab
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100 Urban crime and violence Box 4.
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102 Urban crime and violence In som
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104 Urban crime and violence Initia
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106 Urban crime and violence The mo
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108 Urban crime and violence Vander
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112 Security of tenure Box III.1 Se
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5 CHAPTER SECURITY OF TENURE: CONDI
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116 Security of tenure Table 5.1 A
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118 Security of tenure Fully legal
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120 Security of tenure Box 5.4 Secu
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122 Security of tenure Urban tenure
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124 Security of tenure At least 2 m
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126 Security of tenure Market-based
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128 Security of tenure Box 5.11 Urb
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130 Security of tenure Operation Mu
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132 Security of tenure Control of l
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134 Security of tenure Box 5.18 Sec
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136 Security of tenure NOTES 1 Habi
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138 Security of tenure Box 6.1 The
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140 Security of tenure It would be
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142 Security of tenure Box 6.7 Land
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144 Security of tenure Box 6.10 Wha
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146 Security of tenure Box 6.12 Evi
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148 Security of tenure Box 6.15 Con
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150 Security of tenure Box 6.18 Vio
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152 Security of tenure The
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154 Security of tenure Box 6.24 Lan
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156 Security of tenure The state is
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158 Security of tenure Housing righ
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Over the last three decades, natura
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Introduction 165 One of the key tre
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7 CHAPTER DISASTER RISK: CONDITIONS
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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8 CHAPTER POLICY RESPONSES TO DISAS
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Policy responses to disaster risk 1
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220 Natural and human-made disaster
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236 Towards safer and more secure c
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276 Enhancing Urban Safety and Secu
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12 CHAPTER MITIGATING THE IMPACTS O
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304 Summary of case studies Since i
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306 Summary of case studies • The
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308 Summary of case studies tions w
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310 Summary of case studies environ
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312 Summary of case studies others.
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314 Summary of case studies purpose
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316 Summary of case studies These e
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318 Summary of case studies develop
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320 Summary of case studies tion ex
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322 Summary of case studies Housing
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324 Summary of case studies Prolong
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326 Summary of case studies momentu
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330 Statistical annex Islands, Micr
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332 Statistical annex NOMENCLATURE
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334 Statistical annex Population, u
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336 Statistical annex SOURCES OF DA
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