Global Report on Human Settlements 2007 - PoA-ISS

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350 Enhancing Urban Safety and Security TABLE B.2 continued Urban population Rural population Estimates and projections Rate of change Estimates and projections Rate of change (000) (%) (000) (%) 2000 2010 2020 2030 2000– 2010– 2020– 2000 2010 2020 2030 2000– 2010– 2020– 2010 2020 2030 2010 2020 2030 TFYR Macedonia 11 1,304 1,479 1,595 1,645 1.26 0.75 0.31 705 567 462 382 -2.17 -2.06 -1.90 Ukraine 32,979 30,401 28,406 26,361 -0.81 -0.68 -0.75 16,137 13,727 11,204 8,691 -1.62 -2.03 -2.54 United Kingdom 52,423 54,549 56,932 59,621 0.40 0.43 0.46 6,247 5,968 5,559 5,073 -0.46 -0.71 -0.92 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 394,212 473,561 546,342 608,968 1.83 1.43 1.09 128,717 125,210 120,613 113,409 -0.28 -0.37 -0.62 Anguilla 11 13 15 16 1.53 1.21 0.80 — — — — .. .. .. Antigua and Barbuda 29 36 46 57 2.33 2.51 2.07 48 51 50 47 0.54 -0.13 -0.67 Argentina 32,903 37,025 41,011 44,299 1.18 1.02 0.77 3,993 3,713 3,475 3,235 -0.73 -0.66 -0.71 Aruba 43 48 53 59 1.19 0.88 1.04 49 55 56 53 1.12 0.11 -0.45 Bahamas 268 315 357 394 1.63 1.26 0.98 34 29 28 26 -1.35 -0.56 -0.75 Barbados 133 152 172 188 1.35 1.23 0.90 133 121 106 90 -0.98 -1.32 -1.67 Belize 116 146 184 229 2.36 2.31 2.15 127 150 160 157 1.67 0.68 -0.22 Bolivia 5,143 6,675 8,265 9,799 2.61 2.14 1.70 3,174 3,356 3,373 3,235 0.56 0.05 -0.42 Brazil 141,159 171,757 196,182 214,603 1.96 1.33 0.90 32,699 26,740 23,012 20,902 -2.01 -1.50 -0.96 British Virgin Islands 12 15 18 20 2.31 1.74 1.31 9 8 8 7 -0.33 -0.73 -0.96 Cayman Islands 40 49 53 56 2.01 0.86 0.63 — — — — .. .. .. Chile 13,246 15,250 16,958 18,246 1.41 1.06 0.73 2,166 1,884 1,681 1,532 -1.39 -1.14 -0.93 Colombia 29,989 36,308 42,528 48,298 1.91 1.58 1.27 12,131 12,622 12,518 11,855 0.40 -0.08 -0.54 Costa Rica 2,318 3,001 3,656 4,277 2.58 1.97 1.57 1,611 1,664 1,621 1,518 0.33 -0.27 -0.66 Cuba 8,410 8,512 8,578 8,648 0.12 0.08 0.08 2,714 2,867 2,853 2,534 0.55 -0.05 -1.19 Dominica 55 62 70 77 1.15 1.27 0.93 22 21 20 18 -0.63 -0.69 -1.04 Dominican Republic 5,160 6,710 8,130 9,303 2.63 1.92 1.35 3,105 2,812 2,546 2,322 -0.99 -0.99 -0.92 Ecuador 7,420 9,255 11,199 13,004 2.21 1.91 1.49 4,885 4,937 4,826 4,516 0.10 -0.23 -0.66 El Salvador 3,668 4,577 5,575 6,640 2.21 1.97 1.75 2,613 2,884 2,975 2,877 0.99 0.31 -0.33 Falkland Islands (Malvinas) 3 3 3 3 1.36 0.72 0.31 0 0 0 0 -6.38 -4.01 -1.74 French Guiana 123 160 200 241 2.58 2.24 1.87 41 49 54 55 1.90 0.94 0.14 Grenada 31 34 43 57 0.86 2.37 2.74 70 76 83 84 0.83 0.91 0.07 Guadeloupe 428 461 480 492 0.76 0.38 0.25 2 1 0 0 -9.23 -4.83 -1.55 Guatemala 5,039 7,030 9,584 12,550 3.33 3.10 2.70 6,127 7,184 7,943 8,148 1.59 1.00 0.25 Guyana 213 214 226 250 0.06 0.54 1.01 531 537 499 426 0.12 -0.74 -1.58 Haiti 2,827 3,846 5,057 6,372 3.08 2.74 2.31 5,112 5,299 5,271 4,999 0.36 -0.05 -0.53 Honduras 2,850 3,906 5,172 6,568 3.15 2.81 2.39 3,575 4,091 4,361 4,315 1.35 0.64 -0.11 Jamaica 1,339 1,479 1,642 1,801 0.99 1.05 0.92 1,245 1,224 1,142 1,000 -0.17 -0.69 -1.33 Martinique 378 394 398 393 0.41 0.11 -0.12 8 8 7 6 -0.64 -1.03 -1.32 Mexico 74,761 87,588 99,803 110,260 1.58 1.31 1.00 25,327 25,683 24,849 22,961 0.14 -0.33 -0.79 Montserrat 0 1 1 1 4.55 2.39 2.82 3 4 4 4 1.60 0.37 -0.21 Netherlands Antilles 122 135 149 161 1.03 0.98 0.78 54 53 49 44 -0.14 -0.82 -1.12 Nicaragua 2,836 3,697 4,677 5,660 2.65 2.35 1.91 2,122 2,370 2,502 2,456 1.10 0.54 -0.18 Panama 1,941 2,624 3,233 3,752 3.02 2.09 1.49 1,009 884 794 736 -1.32 -1.08 -0.75 Paraguay 3,027 4,232 5,593 7,012 3.35 2.79 2.26 2,443 2,650 2,748 2,735 0.81 0.36 -0.05 Peru 18,575 22,158 26,128 30,060 1.76 1.65 1.40 7,378 7,906 8,121 7,871 0.69 0.27 -0.31 Puerto Rico 3,630 4,010 4,218 4,343 1.00 0.51 0.29 205 49 23 19 -14.26 -7.59 -2.15 Saint Kitts and Nevis 13 15 18 23 0.96 1.91 2.44 27 30 32 32 1.13 0.57 -0.17 Saint Lucia 43 47 55 67 0.82 1.60 2.04 111 121 125 119 0.81 0.32 -0.44 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 52 58 66 72 1.23 1.21 0.93 64 64 59 51 -0.11 -0.71 -1.51 Suriname 313 349 377 393 1.11 0.77 0.39 121 112 100 86 -0.75 -1.14 -1.54 Trinidad and Tobago 139 184 244 316 2.78 2.82 2.62 1,146 1,140 1,102 1,016 -0.05 -0.34 -0.81 Turks and Caicos Islands 8 13 15 18 4.13 1.80 1.81 11 15 16 15 3.44 0.21 -0.59 United States Virgin Islands 103 106 105 101 0.34 -0.08 -0.47 8 5 4 3 -4.38 -3.07 -2.10 Uruguay 3,053 3,309 3,523 3,694 0.81 0.63 0.47 289 266 244 222 -0.81 -0.89 -0.94 Venezuela 22,245 27,601 32,279 36,094 2.16 1.57 1.12 2,172 1,475 1,171 1,082 -3.87 -2.31 -0.79 NORTHERN AMERICA 249,242 284,289 317,346 346,918 1.32 1.10 0.89 65,725 61,773 57,654 53,160 -0.62 -0.69 -0.81 Bermuda 63 65 66 66 0.33 0.13 0.00 — — — — .. .. .. Canada 24,366 27,179 29,990 32,942 1.09 0.98 0.94 6,323 6,501 6,450 6,110 0.28 -0.08 -0.54 Greenland 46 49 51 53 0.58 0.53 0.39 10 9 8 7 -1.31 -1.30 -1.28 Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon 5 5 6 7 0.61 1.01 0.77 1 1 1 1 0.23 0.06 -0.61 United States of America 224,763 256,991 287,232 313,851 1.34 1.11 0.89 59,391 55,262 51,195 47,043 -0.72 -0.76 -0.85 OCEANIA 21,813 24,925 28,119 31,394 1.33 1.21 1.10 9,135 10,091 10,790 11,149 1.00 0.67 0.33 American Samoa 51 67 81 94 2.60 1.92 1.56 6 5 4 4 -2.56 -1.34 -0.20 Australia 12 16,624 18,892 21,135 23,183 1.28 1.12 0.92 2,448 2,309 2,182 2,055 -0.58 -0.56 -0.60 Cook Islands 12 13 13 13 0.60 0.24 -0.21 7 5 4 3 -3.48 -2.67 -2.45 Fiji 392 469 540 612 1.80 1.42 1.25 419 409 379 339 -0.23 -0.77 -1.11 French Polynesia 124 142 165 196 1.35 1.56 1.67 112 133 142 137 1.66 0.68 -0.36 Guam 145 173 197 219 1.76 1.32 1.06 11 10 9 9 -1.04 -0.73 -0.40 Kiribati 39 56 76 96 3.75 2.99 2.39 51 53 53 51 0.33 -0.04 -0.30 Marshall Islands 34 49 67 85 3.60 3.04 2.40 18 23 27 28 2.69 1.51 0.43 Micronesia (Fed. States of) 24 26 29 35 0.75 1.32 1.67 83 88 88 80 0.56 -0.02 -0.92 Nauru 12 14 16 17 1.72 0.93 0.65 — — — — .. .. .. New Caledonia 133 169 205 243 2.34 1.98 1.69 82 89 91 88 0.79 0.21 -0.31 New Zealand 3,271 3,620 3,897 4,148 1.01 0.74 0.62 547 552 528 487 0.09 -0.44 -0.81 Niue 1 1 1 1 1.15 2.41 1.95 1 1 1 1 -1.54 -0.36 -0.87 Northern Mariana Islands 65 86 100 112 2.84 1.50 1.10 5 4 4 4 -1.00 -1.06 -0.44 Palau 13 14 16 17 0.69 0.79 0.75 6 6 6 5 0.47 -0.19 -0.95 Papua New Guinea 699 901 1,258 1,876 2.53 3.34 4.00 4,599 5,549 6,344 6,907 1.88 1.34 0.85 Pitcairn — — — — .. .. .. 0 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 -1.09 Samoa 39 44 51 63 1.29 1.51 1.99 139 145 139 126 0.43 -0.43 -0.93 Solomon Islands 66 100 150 223 4.16 4.09 3.94 353 438 503 540 2.15 1.39 0.70
Data tables 351 TABLE B.2 continued Urban population Tokelau — — — — .. .. .. 1 1 2 2 0.46 0.93 0.61 Tonga 23 26 31 36 1.22 1.67 1.59 77 77 72 62 0.02 -0.72 -1.46 Tuvalu 5 5 6 7 1.37 1.44 1.46 5 5 5 4 -0.39 -0.66 -0.97 Vanuatu 42 59 85 119 3.55 3.58 3.40 150 172 189 194 1.40 0.89 0.29 Wallis and Futuna Islands — — — — .. .. .. 15 17 19 22 1.10 1.46 1.09 Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2006 Notes: (1) Including the island of Mayotte. (2) Including Agalega, Rodrigues and Saint Brandon. (3) Including Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. (4) For statistical purposes, the data for China do not include Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions (SAR) of China. (5) As of 1 July 1997, Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China. (6) As of 20 December 1999, Macao became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China. (7) Including the islands of Guernsey and Jersey. (8) Including Åland Islands. (9) Refers to the Vatican City State. (10) Including Svalbard and Jan Mayen islands. (11) The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. (12) Including Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island. Rural population Estimates and projections Rate of change Estimates and projections Rate of change (000) (%) (000) (%) 2000 2010 2020 2030 2000– 2010– 2020– 2000 2010 2020 2030 2000– 2010– 2020– 2010 2020 2030 2010 2020 2030
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ENHANCING URBAN SAFETY AND SECURITY
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First published by Earthscan in the
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INTRODUCTION Enhancing Urban Safety
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The preparation of
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x Enhancing Urban Safety and Securi
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xii Enhancing Urban Safety and Secu
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xvi Enhancing Urban Safety and Secu
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xviii Enhancing Urban Safety and Se
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LIST OF FIGURES, BOXES AND TABLES F
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xxviii Enhancing Urban Safety and S
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xxx Enhancing Urban Safety and Secu
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xxxii Enhancing Urban Safety and Se
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4 Understanding Urban Safety and Se
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1 CHAPTER CURRENT THREATS TO URBAN
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Current threats to urban safety and
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2 CHAPTER VULNERABILITY, RISK AND R
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Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
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29 simply ‘give up’ in the face
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46 Urban crime and violence Box II.
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48 Urban crime and violence it has
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50 Urban crime and violence Formal
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52 Urban crime and violence Contact
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54 Urban crime and violence Per 100
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56 Urban crime and violence Burglar
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58 Urban crime and violence Percent
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60 Urban crime and violence Figure
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62 Urban crime and violence Table 3
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64 Urban crime and violence Youth g
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68 Urban crime and violence Type of
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70 Urban crime and violence From a
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72 Urban crime and violence One vio
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74 Urban crime and violence High ho
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76 Urban crime and violence Abused
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78 Urban crime and violence General
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82 Urban crime and violence porate
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4 CHAPTER URBAN CRIME AND VIOLENCE:
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86 Urban crime and violence UN-Habi
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88 Urban crime and violence Box 4.2
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90 Urban crime and violence Box 4.4
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92 Urban crime and violence Legisla
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94 Urban crime and violence above w
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96 Urban crime and violence Campaig
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98 Urban crime and violence Availab
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100 Urban crime and violence Box 4.
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102 Urban crime and violence In som
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104 Urban crime and violence Initia
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106 Urban crime and violence The mo
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108 Urban crime and violence Vander
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112 Security of tenure Box III.1 Se
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5 CHAPTER SECURITY OF TENURE: CONDI
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116 Security of tenure Table 5.1 A
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118 Security of tenure Fully legal
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120 Security of tenure Box 5.4 Secu
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122 Security of tenure Urban tenure
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124 Security of tenure At least 2 m
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126 Security of tenure Market-based
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128 Security of tenure Box 5.11 Urb
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130 Security of tenure Operation Mu
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132 Security of tenure Control of l
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134 Security of tenure Box 5.18 Sec
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136 Security of tenure NOTES 1 Habi
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138 Security of tenure Box 6.1 The
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140 Security of tenure It would be
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142 Security of tenure Box 6.7 Land
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144 Security of tenure Box 6.10 Wha
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146 Security of tenure Box 6.12 Evi
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148 Security of tenure Box 6.15 Con
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150 Security of tenure Box 6.18 Vio
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152 Security of tenure The
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154 Security of tenure Box 6.24 Lan
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156 Security of tenure The state is
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158 Security of tenure Housing righ
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Over the last three decades, natura
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Introduction 165 One of the key tre
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7 CHAPTER DISASTER RISK: CONDITIONS
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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8 CHAPTER POLICY RESPONSES TO DISAS
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220 Natural and human-made disaster
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236 Towards safer and more secure c
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12 CHAPTER MITIGATING THE IMPACTS O
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Page 338 and 339: 304 Summary of case studies Since i
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Page 364 and 365: 330 Statistical annex Islands, Micr
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410 TABLE C.7 continued Enhancing U
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INDEX ACHR (Asian Coalition for Hou
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Index 435 security of tenure 134 co
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Index 437 domestic abuse see intima
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Index 439 hazard management 169 haz
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Index 441 Kosovo, security of tenur
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Index 443 participation 38, 296-299
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Index 445 individual 34-35 municipa
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Index 447 gun ownership 78 Homeless
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