390 Enhancing Urban Safety and Security TABLE C.1 c<strong>on</strong>tinued Estimates Annual rate Share in urban and Projecti<strong>on</strong>s of change populati<strong>on</strong> (000) (%) (%) 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 1990– 1995– 2000– 2005– 2010– 1990 2015 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Poland Lódz 836 825 799 776 765 764 -0.26 -0.64 -0.59 -0.26 -0.02 3.58 3.13 Poland Warszawa (Warsaw) 1,628 1,652 1,666 1,680 1,686 1,687 0.29 0.17 0.16 0.07 0.01 6.97 6.91 Portugal Lisboa (Lisb<strong>on</strong>) 2,537 2,600 2,672 2,761 2,890 3,005 0.49 0.55 0.65 0.92 0.78 53.04 43.62 Portugal Porto 1,164 1,206 1,254 1,309 1,380 1,443 0.72 0.77 0.86 1.06 0.89 24.33 20.94 Romania Bucuresti (Bucharest) 1,757 2,054 2,009 1,934 1,941 1,942 3.13 -0.44 -0.76 0.07 0.01 13.94 16.58 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Chelyabinsk 1,130 1,109 1,088 1,068 1,057 1,055 -0.38 -0.38 -0.37 -0.20 -0.04 1.04 1.06 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Kazan 1,094 1,099 1,103 1,108 1,110 1,111 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.04 0.01 1.01 1.12 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Krasnoyarsk 910 911 911 912 912 912 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.84 0.92 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Moskva (Moscow) 9,053 9,563 10,103 10,654 10,967 11,022 1.10 1.10 1.06 0.58 0.10 8.31 11.10 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Nizhniy Novgorod 1,420 1,375 1,331 1,289 1,268 1,264 -0.65 -0.65 -0.63 -0.34 -0.06 1.30 1.27 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Novosibirsk 1,430 1,428 1,426 1,425 1,424 1,424 -0.03 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.00 1.31 1.43 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Omsk 1,144 1,140 1,136 1,132 1,130 1,129 -0.07 -0.07 -0.07 -0.04 -0.01 1.05 1.14 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Perm 1,076 1,044 1,014 985 970 967 -0.59 -0.59 -0.57 -0.31 -0.05 0.99 0.97 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Rostov-na-D<strong>on</strong>u (Rostov-<strong>on</strong>-D<strong>on</strong>) 1,022 1,041 1,061 1,081 1,091 1,093 0.38 0.38 0.36 0.20 0.03 0.94 1.10 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Samara 1,244 1,208 1,173 1,141 1,124 1,121 -0.58 -0.58 -0.56 -0.31 -0.05 1.14 1.13 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Sankt Peterburg (Saint Petersburg) 5,019 5,116 5,214 5,312 5,365 5,375 0.38 0.38 0.37 0.20 0.03 4.61 5.42 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Saratov 901 890 878 868 862 861 -0.25 -0.25 -0.24 -0.13 -0.02 0.83 0.87 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Ufa 1,078 1,063 1,049 1,035 1,028 1,027 -0.27 -0.27 -0.26 -0.14 -0.02 0.99 1.03 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Volgograd 999 1,005 1,010 1,016 1,019 1,019 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.06 0.01 0.92 1.03 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Vor<strong>on</strong>ezh 880 867 854 842 836 834 -0.30 -0.30 -0.29 -0.16 -0.03 0.81 0.84 Russian Federati<strong>on</strong> Yekaterinburg 1,350 1,326 1,303 1,281 1,270 1,268 -0.35 -0.35 -0.34 -0.18 -0.03 1.24 1.28 Serbia and M<strong>on</strong>tenegro Beograd (Belgrade) 1,162 1,150 1,128 1,106 1,094 1,100 -0.22 -0.38 -0.38 -0.22 0.10 22.50 19.17 Spain Barcel<strong>on</strong>a 4,101 4,313 4,548 4,795 4,998 5,057 1.01 1.06 1.06 0.83 0.24 13.85 14.56 Spain Madrid 4,414 4,751 5,162 5,608 5,977 6,086 1.47 1.66 1.66 1.28 0.36 14.90 17.52 Spain Valencia 776 783 790 797 806 813 0.20 0.18 0.18 0.21 0.18 2.62 2.34 Sweden Göteborg 729 761 793 827 854 867 0.86 0.81 0.84 0.64 0.30 10.25 10.94 Sweden Stockholm 1,487 1,561 1,652 1,708 1,745 1,760 0.97 1.13 0.67 0.43 0.17 20.91 22.22 Switzerland Zürich (Zurich) 929 1,002 1,074 1,144 1,183 1,200 1.52 1.39 1.26 0.67 0.28 19.86 20.77 Ukraine Dnipropetrovs’k 1,162 1,119 1,077 1,036 1,007 998 -0.77 -0.77 -0.77 -0.58 -0.16 3.36 3.40 Ukraine D<strong>on</strong>ets’k 1,097 1,061 1,026 992 967 960 -0.67 -0.67 -0.67 -0.51 -0.14 3.17 3.27 Ukraine Kharkiv 1,586 1,534 1,484 1,436 1,400 1,390 -0.66 -0.66 -0.66 -0.50 -0.14 4.58 4.73 Ukraine Kyiv (Kiev) 2,574 2,590 2,606 2,672 2,738 2,757 0.13 0.13 0.50 0.49 0.14 7.43 9.39 Ukraine Odesa 1,092 1,064 1,037 1,010 990 985 -0.52 -0.52 -0.52 -0.39 -0.11 3.15 3.35 Ukraine Zaporizhzhya 873 847 822 798 780 775 -0.60 -0.60 -0.60 -0.45 -0.13 2.52 2.64 United Kingdom Birmingham 2,301 2,291 2,285 2,280 2,279 2,279 -0.09 -0.05 -0.04 -0.01 0.00 4.57 4.10 United Kingdom Glasgow 1,217 1,186 1,171 1,159 1,157 1,162 -0.52 -0.26 -0.21 -0.02 0.08 2.42 2.09 United Kingdom Liverpool 831 829 818 810 810 816 -0.05 -0.26 -0.20 0.01 0.13 1.65 1.47 United Kingdom L<strong>on</strong>d<strong>on</strong> 7,654 7,908 8,225 8,505 8,607 8,618 0.65 0.79 0.67 0.24 0.02 15.20 15.49 United Kingdom Manchester 2,282 2,262 2,243 2,228 2,223 2,223 -0.18 -0.16 -0.14 -0.05 -0.00 4.53 3.99 United Kingdom Newcastle up<strong>on</strong> Tyne 877 883 880 879 882 887 0.14 -0.07 -0.04 0.06 0.12 1.74 1.59 United Kingdom West Yorkshire 1,449 1,468 1,495 1,519 1,530 1,534 0.27 0.36 0.32 0.14 0.06 2.88 2.76 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN Argentina Buenos Aires 10,513 11,154 11,847 12,550 13,067 13,396 1.18 1.21 1.15 0.81 0.50 37.10 34.27 Argentina Córdoba 1,200 1,275 1,348 1,423 1,492 1,552 1.21 1.11 1.08 0.95 0.79 4.24 3.97 Argentina Mendoza 759 802 838 876 917 956 1.11 0.88 0.88 0.90 0.84 2.68 2.45 Argentina Rosario 1,084 1,121 1,152 1,186 1,231 1,280 0.68 0.55 0.57 0.74 0.78 3.82 3.27 Argentina San Miguel de Tucumán 611 666 722 781 830 868 1.71 1.63 1.57 1.22 0.89 2.16 2.22 Bolivia La Paz 1,062 1,267 1,390 1,527 1,692 1,864 3.53 1.85 1.89 2.05 1.94 28.65 24.96 Bolivia Santa Cruz 616 833 1,054 1,320 1,551 1,724 6.04 4.69 4.51 3.22 2.11 16.63 23.08 Brazil Baixada Santista 2 1,184 1,319 1,468 1,638 1,810 1,940 2.15 2.14 2.18 2.00 1.39 1.06 1.05 Brazil Belém 1,129 1,393 1,748 2,043 2,335 2,524 4.20 4.54 3.11 2.68 1.55 1.01 1.37 Brazil Belo Horiz<strong>on</strong>te 3,548 4,093 4,659 5,304 5,941 6,354 2.86 2.59 2.59 2.27 1.34 3.18 3.44 Brazil Brasília 1,863 2,257 2,746 3,341 3,938 4,282 3.84 3.92 3.92 3.29 1.67 1.67 2.32 Brazil Campinas 1,693 1,975 2,264 2,634 3,003 3,239 3.08 2.74 3.02 2.62 1.51 1.52 1.75 Brazil Cuiabá 510 606 686 770 857 923 3.43 2.49 2.31 2.12 1.50 0.46 0.50 Brazil Curitiba 1,829 2,138 2,494 2,908 3,320 3,581 3.12 3.07 3.07 2.65 1.51 1.64 1.94 Brazil Florianópolis 503 609 734 934 1,142 1,262 3.85 3.72 4.81 4.03 2.01 0.45 0.68 Brazil Fortaleza 2,226 2,554 2,875 3,237 3,598 3,850 2.75 2.37 2.37 2.12 1.35 1.99 2.08 Brazil Goiânia 1,132 1,356 1,608 1,898 2,189 2,372 3.61 3.41 3.31 2.85 1.61 1.01 1.28 Brazil Grande São Luís 672 775 876 990 1,106 1,192 2.83 2.45 2.45 2.22 1.50 0.60 0.65 Brazil Grande Vitória 1,052 1,221 1,398 1,613 1,829 1,974 2.97 2.72 2.85 2.51 1.53 0.94 1.07 Brazil João Pessoa 652 741 827 918 1,012 1,087 2.54 2.21 2.09 1.95 1.43 0.58 0.59 Brazil Maceió 660 798 952 1,116 1,281 1,391 3.77 3.55 3.17 2.76 1.64 0.59 0.75 Brazil Manaus 955 1,159 1,392 1,645 1,898 2,059 3.87 3.68 3.33 2.86 1.63 0.85 1.11 Brazil Natal 692 800 910 1,035 1,161 1,253 2.89 2.58 2.58 2.31 1.52 0.62 0.68 Brazil Norte/Nordeste Catarinense 3 603 709 815 936 1,059 1,146 3.22 2.78 2.78 2.47 1.58 0.54 0.62 Brazil Pôrto Alegre 2,934 3,236 3,505 3,795 4,096 4,342 1.96 1.59 1.59 1.52 1.17 2.63 2.35 Brazil Recife 2,690 2,958 3,230 3,527 3,830 4,070 1.90 1.76 1.76 1.65 1.21 2.41 2.20 Brazil Rio de Janeiro 9,595 10,174 10,803 11,469 12,170 12,770 1.17 1.20 1.20 1.19 0.96 8.59 6.91 Brazil Salvador 2,331 2,644 2,968 3,331 3,695 3,950 2.53 2.31 2.31 2.07 1.34 2.09 2.14 Brazil São Paulo 14,776 15,948 17,099 18,333 19,582 20,535 1.53 1.39 1.39 1.32 0.95 13.22 11.11 Brazil Teresina 614 706 789 872 958 1,029 2.77 2.24 2.00 1.88 1.42 0.55 0.56 Chile Santiago 4,616 4,983 5,326 5,683 5,982 6,191 1.53 1.33 1.30 1.02 0.69 42.06 38.33 Colombia Barranquilla 1,241 1,396 1,658 1,857 2,042 2,191 2.35 3.45 2.26 1.90 1.40 5.17 5.55 Colombia Bucaramanga 658 776 921 1,019 1,116 1,201 3.30 3.41 2.03 1.81 1.46 2.74 3.04 Colombia Cali 1,574 1,829 2,237 2,514 2,767 2,963 3.00 4.03 2.33 1.92 1.37 6.55 7.51 Colombia Cartagena 572 667 829 954 1,067 1,152 3.09 4.34 2.80 2.24 1.54 2.38 2.92 Colombia Cucuta 530 637 760 852 939 1,012 3.68 3.52 2.28 1.96 1.50 2.21 2.57
Data tables 391 TABLE C.1 c<strong>on</strong>tinued Estimates Annual rate Share in urban and Projecti<strong>on</strong>s of change populati<strong>on</strong> (000) (%) (%) 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 1990– 1995– 2000– 2005– 2010– 1990 2015 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Colombia Medellín 2,155 2,403 2,814 3,058 3,304 3,522 2.18 3.16 1.67 1.54 1.28 8.97 8.93 Colombia Santa Fé de Bogotá 4,905 5,751 6,964 7,747 8,416 8,932 3.18 3.83 2.13 1.66 1.19 20.42 22.65 Costa Rica San José 737 867 1,032 1,217 1,374 1,506 3.25 3.48 3.29 2.43 1.84 47.30 45.22 Cuba La Habana (Havana) 2,108 2,183 2,187 2,189 2,159 2,151 0.69 0.04 0.02 -0.27 -0.08 27.28 25.19 Dominican Republic Santo Domingo 1,522 1,665 1,834 2,022 2,240 2,449 1.80 1.93 1.96 2.04 1.78 38.88 32.87 Ecuador Guayaquil 1,572 1,808 2,077 2,387 2,709 2,975 2.80 2.78 2.78 2.53 1.87 27.77 29.07 Ecuador Quito 1,088 1,217 1,357 1,514 1,680 1,839 2.25 2.18 2.18 2.09 1.80 19.22 17.96 El Salvador San Salvador 970 1,142 1,353 1,517 1,662 1,807 3.27 3.39 2.29 1.83 1.67 38.54 35.69 Guatemala Ciudad de Guatemala (Guatemala City)803 839 908 984 1,103 1,269 0.89 1.57 1.62 2.28 2.81 21.95 15.39 Haiti Port-au-Prince 1,134 1,427 1,766 2,129 2,460 2,785 4.60 4.26 3.74 2.89 2.48 56.05 62.81 H<strong>on</strong>duras Tegucigalpa 578 677 793 927 1,075 1,230 3.16 3.16 3.14 2.96 2.68 29.48 27.22 Mexico Acapulco de Juárez 598 681 726 769 816 864 2.61 1.27 1.17 1.18 1.14 0.98 0.92 Mexico Aguascalientes 552 631 736 859 981 1,059 2.69 3.07 3.10 2.64 1.53 0.90 1.13 Mexico Ciudad de México (Mexico City) 15,311 16,790 18,066 19,411 20,688 21,568 1.84 1.47 1.44 1.27 0.83 25.07 23.01 Mexico Ciudad Juárez 809 997 1,239 1,540 1,841 2,008 4.19 4.34 4.35 3.57 1.73 1.32 2.14 Mexico Culiacán 606 690 750 812 876 931 2.60 1.67 1.60 1.51 1.23 0.99 0.99 Mexico Guadalajara 3,011 3,431 3,697 3,968 4,237 4,456 2.61 1.50 1.41 1.31 1.01 4.93 4.75 Mexico León de los Aldamas 961 1,127 1,293 1,481 1,665 1,785 3.19 2.75 2.72 2.33 1.39 1.57 1.90 Mexico Mérida 664 765 849 939 1,028 1,097 2.83 2.07 2.01 1.82 1.30 1.09 1.17 Mexico Mexicali 607 690 771 860 949 1,015 2.57 2.22 2.20 1.96 1.35 0.99 1.08 Mexico M<strong>on</strong>terrey 2,594 2,961 3,267 3,596 3,914 4,140 2.65 1.97 1.92 1.70 1.13 4.25 4.42 Mexico Puebla 1,699 1,932 1,888 1,824 1,801 1,861 2.57 -0.46 -0.69 -0.25 0.65 2.78 1.99 Mexico Querétaro 561 671 798 947 1,094 1,185 3.58 3.45 3.43 2.89 1.60 0.92 1.26 Mexico San Luis Potosí 665 774 857 946 1,034 1,103 3.04 2.05 1.97 1.79 1.29 1.09 1.18 Mexico Tijuana 760 1,017 1,297 1,649 2,003 2,194 5.82 4.86 4.79 3.90 1.82 1.25 2.34 Mexico Toluca de Lerdo 835 981 1,420 1,545 1,669 1,770 3.22 7.39 1.69 1.55 1.17 1.37 1.89 Mexico Torreón 882 954 1,012 1,072 1,136 1,200 1.55 1.18 1.15 1.16 1.10 1.45 1.28 Mexico Tuxtla Gutierrez 294 372 539 788 1,067 1,209 4.72 7.41 7.61 6.06 2.49 0.48 1.29 Nicaragua Managua 735 870 1,021 1,165 1,312 1,461 3.37 3.21 2.64 2.36 2.15 34.97 34.94 Panama Ciudad de Panamá (Panama City) 847 953 1,072 1,216 1,379 1,527 2.36 2.36 2.51 2.52 2.04 65.24 51.93 Paraguay Asunción 928 1,140 1,457 1,858 2,264 2,606 4.12 4.92 4.86 3.95 2.81 45.16 53.20 Peru Arequipa 564 640 724 819 915 994 2.54 2.46 2.46 2.22 1.65 3.76 4.12 Peru Lima 5,825 6,456 6,811 7,186 7,590 8,026 2.06 1.07 1.07 1.10 1.12 38.87 33.29 Puerto Rico San Juan 1,539 1,855 2,237 2,605 2,758 2,791 3.74 3.74 3.04 1.15 0.23 60.44 67.65 Uruguay M<strong>on</strong>tevideo 1,274 1,299 1,285 1,264 1,260 1,277 0.38 -0.21 -0.33 -0.06 0.27 46.12 37.34 Venezuela Barquisimeto 742 828 923 1,029 1,143 1,243 2.18 2.18 2.18 2.10 1.67 4.48 4.14 Venezuela Caracas 2,767 2,816 2,864 2,913 2,988 3,144 0.35 0.34 0.34 0.51 1.02 16.70 10.47 Venezuela Maracaibo 1,351 1,603 1,901 2,255 2,639 2,911 3.41 3.42 3.41 3.14 1.97 8.15 9.69 Venezuela Maracay 766 881 1,015 1,168 1,333 1,463 2.82 2.82 2.82 2.65 1.85 4.62 4.87 Venezuela Valencia 1,129 1,462 1,893 2,451 3,090 3,499 5.17 5.17 5.16 4.64 2.48 6.81 11.65 NORTHERN AMERICA Canada Calgary 738 809 953 1,058 1,142 1,193 1.84 3.26 2.09 1.55 0.87 3.48 4.18 Canada Edm<strong>on</strong>t<strong>on</strong> 831 859 947 1,015 1,075 1,118 0.67 1.95 1.39 1.14 0.79 3.92 3.92 Canada M<strong>on</strong>tréal 3,154 3,305 3,471 3,640 3,787 3,897 0.94 0.98 0.95 0.79 0.57 14.87 13.65 Canada Ottawa-Gatineau 918 988 1,079 1,156 1,216 1,262 1.48 1.74 1.39 1.01 0.75 4.33 4.42 Canada Tor<strong>on</strong>to 3,807 4,197 4,747 5,312 5,737 5,938 1.95 2.46 2.25 1.54 0.69 17.95 20.80 Canada Vancouver 1,559 1,789 2,040 2,188 2,309 2,389 2.75 2.63 1.40 1.07 0.69 7.35 8.37 United States of America Atlanta 2,184 2,781 3,542 4,304 4,682 4,864 4.84 4.84 3.89 1.69 0.76 1.14 1.79 United States of America Austin 569 720 913 1,107 1,212 1,271 4.73 4.73 3.86 1.82 0.95 0.30 0.47 United States of America Baltimore 1,849 1,962 2,083 2,205 2,316 2,410 1.19 1.19 1.14 0.98 0.80 0.96 0.88 United States of America Bost<strong>on</strong> 3,428 3,726 4,049 4,361 4,585 4,751 1.66 1.66 1.48 1.00 0.71 1.78 1.74 United States of America Bridgeport-Stamford 714 799 894 987 1,053 1,103 2.25 2.25 1.98 1.30 0.93 0.37 0.41 United States of America Buffalo 955 966 977 999 1,043 1,091 0.23 0.23 0.44 0.86 0.90 0.50 0.40 United States of America Charlotte 461 596 769 946 1,041 1,093 5.10 5.10 4.15 1.92 0.98 0.24 0.40 United States of America Chicago 7,374 7,839 8,333 8,814 9,186 9,469 1.22 1.22 1.12 0.83 0.61 3.83 3.48 United States of America Cincinnati 1,335 1,419 1,508 1,599 1,683 1,755 1.22 1.22 1.18 1.02 0.85 0.69 0.64 United States of America Cleveland 1,680 1,734 1,789 1,855 1,939 2,019 0.63 0.63 0.72 0.88 0.82 0.87 0.74 United States of America Columbus, Ohio 950 1,040 1,138 1,236 1,310 1,370 1.81 1.81 1.64 1.18 0.89 0.49 0.50 United States of America Dallas-Fort Worth 3,219 3,665 4,172 4,655 4,941 5,121 2.59 2.59 2.19 1.20 0.72 1.67 1.88 United States of America Dayt<strong>on</strong> 616 659 706 754 798 837 1.37 1.37 1.32 1.14 0.95 0.32 0.31 United States of America Denver-Aurora 1,528 1,747 1,998 2,239 2,389 2,489 2.68 2.68 2.28 1.30 0.82 0.79 0.91 United States of America Detroit 3,703 3,804 3,909 4,034 4,192 4,342 0.54 0.54 0.63 0.77 0.71 1.92 1.59 United States of America Hartford 783 818 853 894 940 984 0.86 0.86 0.92 1.01 0.92 0.41 0.36 United States of America H<strong>on</strong>olulu 635 676 720 767 810 850 1.27 1.27 1.24 1.11 0.95 0.33 0.31 United States of America Houst<strong>on</strong> 2,922 3,353 3,849 4,320 4,596 4,767 2.76 2.76 2.31 1.24 0.73 1.52 1.75 United States of America Indianapolis 921 1,063 1,228 1,387 1,487 1,554 2.87 2.87 2.44 1.39 0.89 0.48 0.57 United States of America Jacks<strong>on</strong>ville, Florida 742 811 886 961 1,020 1,069 1.78 1.78 1.62 1.20 0.93 0.39 0.39 United States of America Kansas City 1,233 1,297 1,365 1,437 1,510 1,576 1.02 1.02 1.03 0.99 0.86 0.64 0.58 United States of America Las Vegas 708 973 1,335 1,720 1,912 2,001 6.34 6.34 5.07 2.11 0.91 0.37 0.73 United States of America Los Angeles-L<strong>on</strong>g Beach-Santa Ana10,883 11,339 11,814 12,298 12,738 13,095 0.82 0.82 0.80 0.70 0.55 5.66 4.81 United States of America Louisville 757 810 866 924 977 1,023 1.34 1.34 1.29 1.11 0.92 0.39 0.38 United States of America Memphis 829 899 976 1,053 1,115 1,167 1.64 1.64 1.51 1.16 0.91 0.43 0.43 United States of America Miami 3,969 4,431 4,946 5,434 5,739 5,940 2.20 2.20 1.88 1.09 0.69 2.06 2.18 United States of America Milwaukee 1,228 1,269 1,311 1,361 1,425 1,488 0.65 0.65 0.75 0.92 0.86 0.64 0.55 United States of America Minneapolis-St. Paul 2,087 2,236 2,397 2,556 2,688 2,795 1.38 1.39 1.29 1.00 0.78 1.09 1.03 United States of America Nashville-Davids<strong>on</strong> 577 660 755 848 909 954 2.69 2.69 2.32 1.41 0.96 0.30 0.35 United States of America New Orleans 1,039 1,024 1,009 1,010 1,049 1,096 -0.30 -0.30 0.04 0.74 0.89 0.54 0.40 United States of America New York-Newark 16,086 16,943 17,846 18,718 19,388 19,876 1.04 1.04 0.95 0.70 0.50 8.36 7.29
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ENHANCING URBAN SAFETY AND SECURITY
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First published by Earthscan in the
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INTRODUCTION Enhancing Urban Safety
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The preparation of
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LIST OF FIGURES, BOXES AND TABLES F
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4 Understanding Urban Safety and Se
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1 CHAPTER CURRENT THREATS TO URBAN
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Current threats to urban safety and
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Current threats to urban safety and
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Current threats to urban safety and
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Current threats to urban safety and
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Current threats to urban safety and
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Current threats to urban safety and
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Current threats to urban safety and
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2 CHAPTER VULNERABILITY, RISK AND R
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Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
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Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
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29 simply ‘give up’ in the face
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Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
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Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
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Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
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Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
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Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
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Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
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46 Urban crime and violence Box II.
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48 Urban crime and violence it has
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50 Urban crime and violence Formal
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52 Urban crime and violence Contact
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54 Urban crime and violence Per 100
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56 Urban crime and violence Burglar
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58 Urban crime and violence Percent
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60 Urban crime and violence Figure
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62 Urban crime and violence Table 3
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64 Urban crime and violence Youth g
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66 Urban crime and violence Table 3
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68 Urban crime and violence Type of
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72 Urban crime and violence One vio
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78 Urban crime and violence General
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80 Urban crime and violence Table 3
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82 Urban crime and violence porate
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4 CHAPTER URBAN CRIME AND VIOLENCE:
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86 Urban crime and violence UN-Habi
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88 Urban crime and violence Box 4.2
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90 Urban crime and violence Box 4.4
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92 Urban crime and violence Legisla
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94 Urban crime and violence above w
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96 Urban crime and violence Campaig
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98 Urban crime and violence Availab
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100 Urban crime and violence Box 4.
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102 Urban crime and violence In som
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104 Urban crime and violence Initia
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106 Urban crime and violence The mo
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108 Urban crime and violence Vander
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112 Security of tenure Box III.1 Se
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5 CHAPTER SECURITY OF TENURE: CONDI
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116 Security of tenure Table 5.1 A
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118 Security of tenure Fully legal
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120 Security of tenure Box 5.4 Secu
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122 Security of tenure Urban tenure
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124 Security of tenure At least 2 m
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126 Security of tenure Market-based
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128 Security of tenure Box 5.11 Urb
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130 Security of tenure Operation Mu
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132 Security of tenure Control of l
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134 Security of tenure Box 5.18 Sec
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136 Security of tenure NOTES 1 Habi
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138 Security of tenure Box 6.1 The
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140 Security of tenure It would be
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142 Security of tenure Box 6.7 Land
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144 Security of tenure Box 6.10 Wha
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146 Security of tenure Box 6.12 Evi
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148 Security of tenure Box 6.15 Con
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150 Security of tenure Box 6.18 Vio
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152 Security of tenure The
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154 Security of tenure Box 6.24 Lan
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156 Security of tenure The state is
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158 Security of tenure Housing righ
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Over the last three decades, natura
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Introduction 165 One of the key tre
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7 CHAPTER DISASTER RISK: CONDITIONS
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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8 CHAPTER POLICY RESPONSES TO DISAS
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Policy responses to disaster risk 1
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Policy responses to disaster risk 1
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Policy responses to disaster risk 2
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Policy responses to disaster risk 2
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Policy responses to disaster risk 2
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Policy responses to disaster risk 2
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Policy responses to disaster risk 2
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Policy responses to disaster risk 2
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Policy responses to disaster risk 2
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Policy responses to disaster risk 2
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Policy responses to disaster risk 2
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220 Natural and human-made disaster
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222 Natural and human-made disaster
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224 Natural and human-made disaster
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226 Natural and human-made disaster
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228 Natural and human-made disaster
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230 Natural and human-made disaster
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232 Natural and human-made disaster
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236 Towards safer and more secure c
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238 Towards safer and more secure c
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240 Towards safer and more secure c
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242 Towards safer and more secure c
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244 Towards safer and more secure c
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246 Towards safer and more secure c
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248 Towards safer and more secure c
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250 Towards safer and more secure c
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252 Towards safer and more secure c
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254 Towards safer and more secure c
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256 Towards safer and more secure c
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258 Towards safer and more secure c
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260 Towards safer and more secure c
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11 CHAPTER ENHANCING TENURE SECURIT
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264 Towards safer and more secure c
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266 Towards safer and more secure c
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268 Towards safer and more secure c
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270 Towards safer and more secure c
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272 Towards safer and more secure c
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274 Towards safer and more secure c
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276 Enhancing Urban Safety and Secu
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12 CHAPTER MITIGATING THE IMPACTS O
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280 Towards safer and more secure c
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282 Towards safer and more secure c
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284 Towards safer and more secure c
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286 Towards safer and more secure c
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288 Towards safer and more secure c
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290 Towards safer and more secure c
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292 Towards safer and more secure c
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294 Towards safer and more secure c
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296 Towards safer and more secure c
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298 Towards safer and more secure c
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300 Towards safer and more secure c
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304 Summary of case studies Since i
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306 Summary of case studies • The
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308 Summary of case studies tions w
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310 Summary of case studies environ
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312 Summary of case studies others.
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314 Summary of case studies purpose
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316 Summary of case studies These e
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318 Summary of case studies develop
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320 Summary of case studies tion ex
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322 Summary of case studies Housing
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324 Summary of case studies Prolong
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326 Summary of case studies momentu
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330 Statistical annex Islands, Micr
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332 Statistical annex NOMENCLATURE
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334 Statistical annex Population, u
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336 Statistical annex SOURCES OF DA
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338 Enhancing Urban Safety and Secu
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- Page 467 and 468: INDEX ACHR (Asian Coalition for Hou
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Index 441 Kosovo, security of tenur
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Index 443 participation 38, 296-299
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Index 445 individual 34-35 municipa
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Index 447 gun ownership 78 Homeless