Global Report on Human Settlements 2007 - PoA-ISS

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354 Enhancing Urban Safety and Security TABLE B.3 continued Level of urbanization Urban slum dwellers Estimates and projections Rate of change Estimates and projections % of urban Slum projection (%) (%) (000) population Target 11 (000) 1990 2000 2010 2020 1990- 2010- 1990 2001 2010 2020 1990 2001 2010 2020 2010 2020 Ukraine 66.8 67.1 68.9 71.7 0.16 0.40 … … … … … … … … United Kingdom 88.7 89.4 90.1 91.1 0.08 0.11 … … … … … … … … LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 70.9 75.4 79.1 81.9 0.54 0.35 110,837 127,566 143,116 162,626 35.4 31.9 137,174 149,913 Anguilla 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.00 0.00 3 5 7 10 40.6 40.6 7 9 Antigua and Barbuda 35.4 37.3 41.6 48.1 0.80 1.46 2 2 2 2 6.9 6.9 2 2 Argentina 87.0 89.2 90.9 92.2 0.22 0.14 8,597 10,964 13,379 16,690 30.5 33.1 12,844 15,486 Aruba 50.3 46.7 46.9 48.8 -0.35 0.40 1 1 2 2 … … 1 2 Bahamas 83.6 88.8 91.5 92.8 0.45 0.14 4 5 7 8 … … 6 8 Barbados 44.8 49.9 55.7 61.8 1.09 1.05 1 1 2 2 … … 1 2 Belize 47.5 47.7 49.4 53.5 0.20 0.79 48 69 92 127 54.2 62.0 88 119 Bolivia 55.6 61.8 66.5 71.0 0.90 0.65 2,555 3,284 4,032 5,064 70.0 61.3 3,871 4,701 Brazil 74.8 81.2 86.5 89.5 0.73 0.34 49,806 51,676 53,259 55,074 45.0 36.6 50,958 50,392 British Virgin Islands 50.2 57.3 63.6 69.1 1.18 0.83 0 0 1 1 … … 1 1 Cayman Islands 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.00 0.00 1 1 1 2 … … 1 2 Chile 83.3 85.9 89.0 91.0 0.33 0.22 432 1,143 2,534 6,136 4.0 8.6 2,456 5,868 Colombia 68.7 71.2 74.2 77.3 0.38 0.40 6,239 7,057 7,806 8,732 26.0 21.8 7,480 8,039 Costa Rica 50.7 59.0 64.3 69.3 1.19 0.74 195 313 461 710 11.9 12.8 444 667 Cuba 73.4 75.6 74.8 75.0 0.10 0.03 156 169 180 194 … … 173 178 Dominica 67.7 71.1 74.6 78.1 0.49 0.46 8 7 6 6 16.6 14.0 6 5 Dominican Republic 55.2 62.4 70.5 76.2 1.22 0.78 2,327 2,111 1,950 1,785 56.4 37.6 1,861 1,615 Ecuador 55.1 60.3 65.2 69.9 0.84 0.69 1,588 2,095 2,629 3,382 28.1 25.6 2,525 3,144 El Salvador 49.2 58.4 61.3 65.2 1.10 0.61 1,126 1,386 1,644 1,986 44.7 35.2 1,577 1,839 Falkland Islands (Malvinas) 74.5 85.8 92.9 95.4 1.10 0.27 … … … … … … … … French Guiana 74.5 75.1 76.4 78.6 0.12 0.29 11 16 23 32 12.9 12.9 22 30 Grenada 32.2 31.0 31.0 34.2 -0.19 0.98 2 2 3 3 6.9 6.9 3 3 Guadeloupe 98.5 99.6 99.8 99.9 0.07 0.01 27 30 33 36 6.9 6.9 31 33 Guatemala 41.1 45.1 49.5 54.7 0.92 1.00 2,192 2,884 3,609 4,632 65.8 61.8 3,467 4,305 Guyana 29.5 28.6 28.5 31.2 -0.18 0.90 12 14 16 18 4.9 4.9 15 16 Haiti 29.5 35.6 42.1 49.0 1.78 1.52 1,728 2,574 3,568 5,128 84.9 85.7 3,434 4,799 Honduras 40.3 44.4 48.8 54.3 0.97 1.05 488 638 793 1,012 24.0 18.1 762 940 Jamaica 49.4 51.8 54.7 59.0 0.51 0.75 356 525 721 1,026 29.2 35.7 693 959 Martinique 97.6 97.8 98.0 98.2 0.02 0.02 6 7 8 9 … … 8 8 Mexico 72.5 74.7 77.3 80.1 0.33 0.35 13,923 14,692 15,353 16,123 23.1 19.6 14,694 14,771 Montserrat 12.5 11.0 14.3 16.9 0.64 1.71 … … … … … … … … Netherlands Antilles 68.3 69.3 71.7 75.3 0.24 0.48 1 2 2 2 … … 2 2 Nicaragua 53.1 57.2 60.9 65.1 0.69 0.67 1,638 2,382 3,237 4,550 80.7 80.9 3,114 4,253 Panama 53.9 65.8 74.8 80.3 1.64 0.71 397 505 615 766 30.8 30.8 591 711 Paraguay 48.7 55.3 61.5 67.1 1.17 0.87 756 797 832 873 36.8 25.0 796 800 Peru 68.9 71.6 73.7 76.3 0.34 0.34 8,979 12,993 17,581 24,601 60.4 68.1 16,911 22,988 Puerto Rico 72.2 94.6 98.8 99.5 1.57 0.07 50 59 68 80 … … 66 74 Saint Kitts and Nevis 34.6 32.8 32.4 35.4 -0.33 0.88 1 1 1 1 … … 1 1 Saint Lucia 29.3 28.0 28.0 30.6 -0.24 0.90 6 7 8 9 11.9 11.9 7 8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 40.6 44.4 47.8 52.6 0.81 0.96 2 3 4 6 … … 4 6 Suriname 68.3 72.1 75.6 79.0 0.51 0.43 18 22 25 29 6.9 6.9 24 27 Trinidad and Tobago 8.5 10.8 13.9 18.1 2.43 2.66 292 310 326 344 34.7 32.0 312 315 Turks and Caicos Islands 42.6 43.5 45.2 49.1 0.30 0.84 … … … … … … … … United States Virgin Islands 87.7 92.6 95.3 96.5 0.41 0.12 1 4 13 49 … … 13 47 Uruguay 89.0 91.3 92.5 93.5 0.20 0.11 191 62 24 9 6.9 2.0 23 6 Venezuela 84.0 91.1 94.9 96.5 0.61 0.16 6,664 8,738 10,906 13,952 40.7 40.7 10,475 12,967 NORTHERN AMERICA 75.4 79.1 82.1 84.6 0.43 0.30 … … … … … … … … Bermuda 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.00 0.00 … … … … … … … … Canada 76.6 79.4 80.7 82.3 0.26 0.20 … … … … … … … … Greenland 79.7 81.6 84.3 86.5 0.28 0.27 8 9 9 9 18.5 18.5 8 8 Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon 88.9 88.9 89.3 90.2 0.02 0.10 1 1 … … 8.7 8.7 … … United States of America 75.3 79.1 82.3 84.9 0.44 0.31 … … … … … … … … OCEANIA 70.3 70.5 71.2 72.3 0.06 0.15 … … … … … … … … American Samoa 80.9 88.8 93.0 94.8 0.69 0.20 … … … … … … … … Australia 85.4 87.2 89.1 90.6 0.21 0.17 … … … … … … … … Cook Islands 56.9 65.2 73.8 79.0 1.30 0.68 … … … … … … … … Fiji 41.6 48.3 53.4 58.8 1.25 0.96 … … … … … … … … French Polynesia 55.9 52.4 51.6 53.8 -0.40 0.42 … … … … … … … … Guam 90.8 93.2 94.7 95.7 0.21 0.10 … … … … … … … … Kiribati 35.0 43.0 51.5 59.0 1.93 1.35 … … … … … … … … Marshall Islands 64.7 65.8 67.8 71.1 0.24 0.47 … … … … … … … … Micronesia (Fed. States of) 25.8 22.3 22.7 25.1 -0.65 1.02 … … … … … … … … Nauru 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.00 0.00 … … … … … … … … New Caledonia 59.6 61.9 65.5 69.4 0.47 0.57 … … … … … … … … New Zealand 84.7 85.7 86.8 88.1 0.12 0.15 … … … … … … … … Niue 30.9 33.7 39.9 46.7 1.28 1.57 … … … … … … … … Northern Mariana Islands 89.8 93.3 95.3 96.3 0.30 0.11 … … … … … … … … Palau 69.6 69.6 70.1 72.1 0.03 0.28 … … … … … … … … Papua New Guinea 13.1 13.2 14.0 16.5 0.30 1.70 … … … … … … … … Pitcairn 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. … … … … … … … … Samoa 21.2 21.9 23.4 27.1 0.49 1.45 … … … … … … … … Solomon Islands 13.7 15.7 18.6 23.0 1.52 2.14 … … … … … … … … Tokelau 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. … … … … … … … …
Data tables 355 TABLE B.3 continued Tonga 22.7 23.2 25.3 30.1 0.55 1.73 … … … … … … … … Tuvalu 40.7 46.0 50.4 55.6 1.08 0.98 … … … … … … … … Vanuatu 18.7 21.7 25.6 31.0 1.56 1.93 … … … … … … … … Wallis and Futuna Islands 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. … … … … … … … … Sources: UN Population Division, 2006; UN-Habitat, 2006 Level of urbanization Urban slum dwellers Estimates and projections Rate of change Estimates and projections % of urban Slum projection (%) (%) (000) population Target 11 (000) 1990 2000 2010 2020 1990- 2010- 1990 2001 2010 2020 1990 2001 2010 2020 2010 2020
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ENHANCING URBAN SAFETY AND SECURITY
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First published by Earthscan in the
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INTRODUCTION Enhancing Urban Safety
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The preparation of
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x Enhancing Urban Safety and Securi
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LIST OF FIGURES, BOXES AND TABLES F
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xxxii Enhancing Urban Safety and Se
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4 Understanding Urban Safety and Se
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1 CHAPTER CURRENT THREATS TO URBAN
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Current threats to urban safety and
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2 CHAPTER VULNERABILITY, RISK AND R
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Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
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29 simply ‘give up’ in the face
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46 Urban crime and violence Box II.
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48 Urban crime and violence it has
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50 Urban crime and violence Formal
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52 Urban crime and violence Contact
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54 Urban crime and violence Per 100
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56 Urban crime and violence Burglar
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58 Urban crime and violence Percent
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60 Urban crime and violence Figure
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62 Urban crime and violence Table 3
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64 Urban crime and violence Youth g
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68 Urban crime and violence Type of
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70 Urban crime and violence From a
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72 Urban crime and violence One vio
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74 Urban crime and violence High ho
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76 Urban crime and violence Abused
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78 Urban crime and violence General
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82 Urban crime and violence porate
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4 CHAPTER URBAN CRIME AND VIOLENCE:
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86 Urban crime and violence UN-Habi
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88 Urban crime and violence Box 4.2
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90 Urban crime and violence Box 4.4
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92 Urban crime and violence Legisla
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94 Urban crime and violence above w
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96 Urban crime and violence Campaig
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98 Urban crime and violence Availab
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100 Urban crime and violence Box 4.
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102 Urban crime and violence In som
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104 Urban crime and violence Initia
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106 Urban crime and violence The mo
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108 Urban crime and violence Vander
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112 Security of tenure Box III.1 Se
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5 CHAPTER SECURITY OF TENURE: CONDI
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116 Security of tenure Table 5.1 A
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118 Security of tenure Fully legal
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120 Security of tenure Box 5.4 Secu
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122 Security of tenure Urban tenure
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124 Security of tenure At least 2 m
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126 Security of tenure Market-based
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128 Security of tenure Box 5.11 Urb
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130 Security of tenure Operation Mu
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132 Security of tenure Control of l
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134 Security of tenure Box 5.18 Sec
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136 Security of tenure NOTES 1 Habi
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138 Security of tenure Box 6.1 The
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140 Security of tenure It would be
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142 Security of tenure Box 6.7 Land
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144 Security of tenure Box 6.10 Wha
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146 Security of tenure Box 6.12 Evi
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148 Security of tenure Box 6.15 Con
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150 Security of tenure Box 6.18 Vio
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152 Security of tenure The
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154 Security of tenure Box 6.24 Lan
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156 Security of tenure The state is
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158 Security of tenure Housing righ
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Over the last three decades, natura
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Introduction 165 One of the key tre
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7 CHAPTER DISASTER RISK: CONDITIONS
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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8 CHAPTER POLICY RESPONSES TO DISAS
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220 Natural and human-made disaster
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236 Towards safer and more secure c
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12 CHAPTER MITIGATING THE IMPACTS O
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Page 338 and 339: 304 Summary of case studies Since i
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Page 364 and 365: 330 Statistical annex Islands, Micr
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Page 368 and 369: 334 Statistical annex Population, u
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410 TABLE C.7 continued Enhancing U
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INDEX ACHR (Asian Coalition for Hou
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Index 435 security of tenure 134 co
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Index 437 domestic abuse see intima
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Index 439 hazard management 169 haz
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Index 441 Kosovo, security of tenur
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Index 443 participation 38, 296-299
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Index 445 individual 34-35 municipa
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Index 447 gun ownership 78 Homeless
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