Global Report on Human Settlements 2007 - PoA-ISS

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384 Enhancing Urban Safety and Security TABLE B.13 continued Rates are per 100 000 population (latest available data) Prosecution staff Guatemala 1999 18.08 276.23 28.38 … 10.40 2.74 16.21 53.09 43.14 89.99 … … 8.23 12.14 26.26 3.32 Guatemala 2000 18.74 306.97 25.91 … 13.25 4.88 16.48 80.26 46.33 109.38 … … 7.98 12.20 41.84 5.26 Mexico 2001 1.98 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … Peru 2001 13.27 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … Peru 2002 14.19 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … Venezuela 1999 … 56.55 18.44 … 0.01 0.32 2.92 22.22 3.30 3.58 … … 0.24 0.00 8.21 0.05 Venezuela 2000 … 17.74 6.43 … 0.01 0.04 0.57 7.52 0.59 0.63 … … 0.05 … 2.18 … NORTHERN AMERICA Canada 2001 11.61 1,040.70 0.56 0.22 … 159.41 8.74 15.61 … 110.84 … 45.58 42.13 … 71.21 … Canada 2002 … 1,049.63 0.55 0.39 … 164.69 8.71 16.50 … 108.73 … 46.34 42.82 … 65.51 … OCEANIA Australia 2002 … 77.40 2.35 … … … 8.06 10.18 … 4.16 … 11.22 5.62 … 10.25 New Zealand 2001 … … 0.39 0.26 0.77 211.70 6.06 9.97 … 164.42 26.54 74.26 62.61 1.70 162.48 0.13 New Zealand 2002 … … 0.61 0.33 0.74 199.82 5.43 9.55 … 155.60 25.36 71.06 60.02 1.47 150.98 0.08 Papua New Guinea 1999 0.58 3.66 3.10 0.60 … 0.86 3.14 0.46 0.62 … 0.20 … 0.04 … … 0.84 Papua New Guinea 2000 0.55 3.96 4.29 0.72 … 1.21 2.65 0.60 1.05 … … … 1.01 … … 0.23 Sources: UNODC, 2002; UNODC, 2005 Persons convicted grand intent homicide non-int assault rape robbery major theft automob burglary fraud embez- drug bribery total commit attempt homicide theft theft zlement offence
Data tables 385 TABLE C.1 Urban Agglomerations: Population Size and Rate of Change Estimates Annual rate Share in urban and Projections of change population (000) (%) (%) 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 1990– 1995– 2000– 2005– 2010– 1990 2015 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 AFRICA Algeria El Djazaïr (Algiers) 1,908 2,295 2,754 3,200 3,576 3,924 3.69 3.65 3.00 2.22 1.86 14.49 14.86 Algeria Wahran (Oran) 647 675 706 765 852 944 0.86 0.91 1.60 2.15 2.05 4.91 3.58 Angola Luanda 1,568 1,953 2,322 2,766 3,303 3,904 4.39 3.46 3.50 3.55 3.34 40.08 31.23 Burkina Faso Ouagadougou 594 689 771 926 1,170 1,489 2.95 2.24 3.68 4.66 4.82 50.47 36.93 Cameroon Douala 931 1,155 1,432 1,761 2,076 2,350 4.30 4.30 4.14 3.29 2.48 19.63 19.69 Cameroon Yaoundé 754 948 1,192 1,485 1,760 1,995 4.59 4.59 4.39 3.39 2.51 15.89 16.72 Chad N’Djaména 477 579 707 888 1,097 1,374 3.88 3.99 4.56 4.24 4.51 37.85 35.08 Congo Brazzaville 704 830 986 1,173 1,390 1,653 3.31 3.44 3.47 3.40 3.47 52.14 47.34 Côte d’Ivoire Abidjan 2,102 2,535 3,055 3,577 4,032 4,525 3.74 3.73 3.16 2.40 2.30 41.79 42.13 Dem. Republic of the Congo Kinshasa 3,644 4,397 5,042 6,049 7,526 9,304 3.76 2.74 3.64 4.37 4.24 34.69 30.92 Dem. Republic of the Congo Kolwezi 712 901 1,047 1,270 1,599 1,998 4.70 3.00 3.87 4.60 4.46 6.78 6.64 Dem. Republic of the Congo Lubumbashi 700 838 971 1,179 1,484 1,856 3.59 2.95 3.88 4.61 4.47 6.66 6.17 Dem. Republic of the Congo Mbuji-Mayi 606 726 843 1,024 1,291 1,616 3.63 2.97 3.90 4.63 4.49 5.77 5.37 Egypt Al-Iskandariyah (Alexandria) 3,063 3,277 3,506 3,770 4,109 4,518 1.35 1.35 1.45 1.72 1.90 12.66 11.30 Egypt Al-Qahirah (Cairo) 9,061 9,707 10,391 11,128 12,041 13,138 1.38 1.36 1.37 1.58 1.74 37.44 32.85 Ethiopia Addis Ababa 1,791 2,157 2,494 2,893 3,407 4,078 3.72 2.90 2.97 3.27 3.60 27.80 21.98 Ghana Accra 1,197 1,415 1,674 1,981 2,321 2,666 3.35 3.35 3.38 3.16 2.77 21.21 18.21 Ghana Kumasi 696 909 1,187 1,517 1,818 2,095 5.34 5.34 4.90 3.62 2.84 12.33 14.31 Guinea Conakry 892 1,044 1,222 1,425 1,669 2,001 3.16 3.14 3.07 3.17 3.62 51.13 44.14 Kenya Mombasa 476 572 686 817 974 1,181 3.65 3.65 3.49 3.53 3.85 11.16 11.09 Kenya Nairobi 1,380 1,755 2,233 2,773 3,326 4,001 4.81 4.81 4.33 3.64 3.70 32.32 37.57 Liberia Monrovia 535 644 776 936 1,129 1,357 3.73 3.73 3.73 3.75 3.68 55.32 47.81 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Banghazi 612 799 945 1,114 1,273 1,399 5.34 3.36 3.27 2.67 1.88 17.97 22.79 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Tarabulus (Tripoli) 1,500 1,678 1,877 2,098 2,326 2,533 2.24 2.24 2.23 2.06 1.71 44.05 41.29 Madagascar Antananarivo 948 1,169 1,361 1,585 1,853 2,182 4.20 3.04 3.04 3.12 3.28 33.40 30.47 Mali Bamako 746 910 1,110 1,368 1,700 2,117 3.96 3.97 4.19 4.34 4.38 35.98 32.04 Morocco Dar-el-Beida (Casablanca) 2,682 2,951 3,043 3,138 3,294 3,570 1.91 0.62 0.62 0.97 1.61 22.44 15.20 Morocco Fès 685 785 870 963 1,069 1,184 2.72 2.04 2.04 2.09 2.05 5.74 5.04 Morocco Marrakech 578 681 755 837 931 1,032 3.26 2.07 2.07 2.12 2.07 4.84 4.40 Morocco Rabat 1,174 1,379 1,507 1,647 1,808 1,991 3.22 1.77 1.77 1.87 1.93 9.83 8.48 Mozambique Maputo 776 921 1,095 1,320 1,586 1,872 3.43 3.46 3.74 3.67 3.32 27.37 18.80 Niger Niamey 431 542 680 850 1,049 1,308 4.55 4.55 4.45 4.23 4.41 33.12 35.21 Nigeria Benin City 738 831 937 1,055 1,203 1,394 2.39 2.39 2.39 2.62 2.94 2.33 1.55 Nigeria Ibadan 1,782 1,978 2,195 2,437 2,742 3,152 2.08 2.09 2.08 2.36 2.78 5.62 3.51 Nigeria Kaduna 961 1,083 1,220 1,375 1,566 1,812 2.39 2.39 2.39 2.61 2.91 3.03 2.02 Nigeria Kano 2,095 2,360 2,658 2,993 3,405 3,920 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.58 2.82 6.61 4.36 Nigeria Lagos 4,764 6,373 8,422 10,886 13,717 16,141 5.82 5.58 5.13 4.62 3.26 15.02 17.96 Nigeria Maiduguri 598 673 758 854 973 1,129 2.37 2.37 2.37 2.62 2.96 1.89 1.26 Nigeria Ogbomosho 623 712 818 941 1,089 1,268 2.68 2.79 2.79 2.93 3.04 1.96 1.41 Nigeria Port Harcourt 680 766 863 972 1,108 1,284 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.62 2.95 2.15 1.43 Nigeria Zaria 592 667 752 847 967 1,121 2.39 2.39 2.39 2.63 2.97 1.87 1.25 Rwanda Kigali 219 320 497 779 1,146 1,544 7.57 8.83 8.96 7.73 5.96 57.02 47.79 Senegal Dakar 1,384 1,606 1,862 2,159 2,478 2,819 2.97 2.97 2.95 2.76 2.58 44.54 43.34 Sierra Leone Freetown 532 609 698 799 924 1,098 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.91 3.44 43.29 33.02 Somalia Muqdisho (Mogadishu) 945 1,080 1,189 1,320 1,545 1,855 2.67 1.92 2.09 3.16 3.65 47.74 42.20 South Africa Cape Town 2,155 2,394 2,715 3,083 3,316 3,401 2.10 2.52 2.54 1.45 0.51 11.23 11.07 South Africa Durban 1,723 2,081 2,370 2,631 2,804 2,876 3.77 2.60 2.10 1.27 0.51 8.98 9.36 South Africa Ekurhuleni (East Rand) 1,531 1,894 2,326 2,817 3,118 3,212 4.26 4.11 3.83 2.03 0.59 7.98 10.46 South Africa Johannesburg 1,898 2,265 2,732 3,254 3,574 3,674 3.53 3.75 3.50 1.87 0.56 9.89 11.96 South Africa Port Elizabeth 828 911 958 999 1,040 1,070 1.93 1.00 0.84 0.79 0.57 4.31 3.48 South Africa Pretoria 911 951 1,084 1,271 1,392 1,439 0.85 2.61 3.19 1.81 0.67 4.75 4.68 South Africa Vereeniging 743 800 897 1,027 1,113 1,150 1.48 2.30 2.69 1.61 0.67 3.87 3.74 Sudan Al-Khartum (Khartoum) 2,360 3,242 3,949 4,518 5,178 6,022 6.35 3.95 2.69 2.73 3.02 34.02 27.71 Togo Lomé 622 810 1,053 1,337 1,639 1,969 5.27 5.26 4.76 4.08 3.67 52.18 52.88 Uganda Kampala 755 912 1,097 1,319 1,612 2,054 3.79 3.68 3.69 4.02 4.84 38.38 33.87 United Republic of Tanzania Dar es Salaam 1,316 1,668 2,116 2,676 3,260 3,831 4.75 4.75 4.70 3.95 3.23 26.56 29.07 Zambia Lusaka 757 902 1,073 1,260 1,408 1,564 3.49 3.49 3.20 2.23 2.10 22.95 30.53 Zimbabwe Harare 1,047 1,255 1,379 1,515 1,650 1,788 3.62 1.89 1.87 1.71 1.61 34.20 31.64 ASIA Afghanistan Kabul 1,432 1,616 1,963 2,994 3,753 4,666 2.41 3.90 8.44 4.52 4.35 53.59 41.67 Armenia Yerevan 1,175 1,142 1,111 1,103 1,102 1,102 -0.55 -0.55 -0.15 -0.01 -0.00 49.12 57.89 Azerbaijan Baku 1,733 1,766 1,803 1,856 1,910 1,977 0.37 0.42 0.58 0.57 0.69 44.74 41.21 Bangladesh Chittagong 2,023 2,565 3,271 4,114 4,914 5,707 4.75 4.86 4.59 3.55 2.99 9.84 11.36 Bangladesh Dhaka 6,526 8,217 10,159 12,430 14,625 16,842 4.61 4.24 4.03 3.25 2.82 31.73 33.53 Bangladesh Khulna 900 1,066 1,264 1,494 1,754 2,048 3.40 3.40 3.35 3.21 3.09 4.37 4.08 Bangladesh Rajshahi 484 576 668 775 907 1,062 3.50 2.95 2.99 3.14 3.17 2.35 2.12 Cambodia Phnum Pénh (Phnom Penh) 594 836 1,160 1,364 1,664 2,057 6.84 6.55 3.25 3.98 4.24 48.40 46.19 China Anshan, Liaoning 1,442 1,496 1,552 1,611 1,704 1,864 0.74 0.74 0.74 1.12 1.81 0.46 0.27 China Anshun 658 709 763 822 896 992 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.71 2.04 0.21 0.15 China Anyang 617 686 763 849 948 1,057 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.20 2.17 0.20 0.15 China Baoding 595 728 890 1,042 1,206 1,356 4.03 4.03 3.15 2.92 2.35 0.19 0.20 China Baotou 1,229 1,426 1,655 1,920 2,210 2,473 2.97 2.98 2.97 2.81 2.26 0.39 0.36 China Beijing 7,362 8,486 9,782 10,717 11,741 12,850 2.84 2.84 1.83 1.83 1.81 2.33 1.87 China Bengbu 695 748 805 867 944 1,045 1.47 1.47 1.47 1.70 2.03 0.22 0.15 China Benxi 938 958 979 1,000 1,046 1,144 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.90 1.79 0.30 0.17 China Changchun 2,192 2,446 2,730 3,046 3,400 3,765 2.19 2.19 2.19 2.20 2.04 0.69 0.55 China Changde 1,180 1,258 1,341 1,429 1,543 1,700 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.54 1.93 0.37 0.25
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ENHANCING URBAN SAFETY AND SECURITY
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First published by Earthscan in the
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INTRODUCTION Enhancing Urban Safety
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The preparation of
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x Enhancing Urban Safety and Securi
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LIST OF FIGURES, BOXES AND TABLES F
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4 Understanding Urban Safety and Se
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1 CHAPTER CURRENT THREATS TO URBAN
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Current threats to urban safety and
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2 CHAPTER VULNERABILITY, RISK AND R
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29 simply ‘give up’ in the face
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46 Urban crime and violence Box II.
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48 Urban crime and violence it has
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50 Urban crime and violence Formal
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52 Urban crime and violence Contact
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54 Urban crime and violence Per 100
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56 Urban crime and violence Burglar
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58 Urban crime and violence Percent
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60 Urban crime and violence Figure
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62 Urban crime and violence Table 3
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64 Urban crime and violence Youth g
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68 Urban crime and violence Type of
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70 Urban crime and violence From a
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72 Urban crime and violence One vio
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74 Urban crime and violence High ho
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76 Urban crime and violence Abused
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78 Urban crime and violence General
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82 Urban crime and violence porate
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4 CHAPTER URBAN CRIME AND VIOLENCE:
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86 Urban crime and violence UN-Habi
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88 Urban crime and violence Box 4.2
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90 Urban crime and violence Box 4.4
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92 Urban crime and violence Legisla
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94 Urban crime and violence above w
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96 Urban crime and violence Campaig
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98 Urban crime and violence Availab
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100 Urban crime and violence Box 4.
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102 Urban crime and violence In som
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104 Urban crime and violence Initia
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106 Urban crime and violence The mo
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108 Urban crime and violence Vander
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112 Security of tenure Box III.1 Se
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5 CHAPTER SECURITY OF TENURE: CONDI
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116 Security of tenure Table 5.1 A
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118 Security of tenure Fully legal
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120 Security of tenure Box 5.4 Secu
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122 Security of tenure Urban tenure
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124 Security of tenure At least 2 m
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126 Security of tenure Market-based
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128 Security of tenure Box 5.11 Urb
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130 Security of tenure Operation Mu
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132 Security of tenure Control of l
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134 Security of tenure Box 5.18 Sec
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136 Security of tenure NOTES 1 Habi
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138 Security of tenure Box 6.1 The
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140 Security of tenure It would be
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142 Security of tenure Box 6.7 Land
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144 Security of tenure Box 6.10 Wha
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146 Security of tenure Box 6.12 Evi
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148 Security of tenure Box 6.15 Con
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150 Security of tenure Box 6.18 Vio
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152 Security of tenure The
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154 Security of tenure Box 6.24 Lan
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156 Security of tenure The state is
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158 Security of tenure Housing righ
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Over the last three decades, natura
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Introduction 165 One of the key tre
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7 CHAPTER DISASTER RISK: CONDITIONS
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Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
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220 Natural and human-made disaster
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236 Towards safer and more secure c
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12 CHAPTER MITIGATING THE IMPACTS O
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304 Summary of case studies Since i
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306 Summary of case studies • The
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308 Summary of case studies tions w
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310 Summary of case studies environ
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312 Summary of case studies others.
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314 Summary of case studies purpose
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316 Summary of case studies These e
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318 Summary of case studies develop
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320 Summary of case studies tion ex
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322 Summary of case studies Housing
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324 Summary of case studies Prolong
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326 Summary of case studies momentu
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330 Statistical annex Islands, Micr
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332 Statistical annex NOMENCLATURE
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Index 435 security of tenure 134 co
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Index 437 domestic abuse see intima
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Index 439 hazard management 169 haz
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Index 441 Kosovo, security of tenur
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Index 443 participation 38, 296-299
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Index 445 individual 34-35 municipa
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Index 447 gun ownership 78 Homeless
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