Global Report on Human Settlements 2007 - PoA-ISS

More documents

Recommendations

Info

446 Enhancing Urban Safety and Security gecekondu sites 318 informal cities 134–135 Turkey 112 Sri Lanka community development councils 304 disaster response 215 disaster risk management 202 secure tenure 133, 142 stakeholders 201, 256 statutory tenure 142 stock markets, disasters 179 stool land 116 street children 58–59, 76, 186, 308 street layouts 70, 97 street lighting 97 street widening 69 structural violence 51, 66 substance abuse 228 Sudan, forced evictions 125, 273 suicides 54 Sungusungu 50 supply shock 70 tabloids 49 Tajikistan, Millennium Development Goals 279 Tanzania crime and violence 50 tenure rights 148 target effect 65 technological risk 204 telecommunications 208 tenants, security of tenure 131–132, 142 tenure, types 115–116 tenure insecurity see security of tenure tenure regularization 137–140, 142 community-based upgrading 140 terrorism 47, 79 urban terrorism 65–66, 81 Thailand disaster-related education 298 housing 30 road traffic accidents 229 security of tenure 151–152, 269, 317–318 tenure regularization 139 tornadoes 167 Toronto (Canada), crime prevention 99, 100, 243–244, 311–312 tourism, crime and violence 73 traffic congestion 225 management 228–229 see also road safety; road traffic accidents traffic lights 226 transients 68 transit points 63 Transparency International 31, 60 transport accidents 169 see also road traffic accidents tribal rights 116 Trinidad and Tobago, tenure rights 148 tropical cyclones 186 tsunami (2004) 17, 163, 171, 320–321 ecological damage 178 land titles 216 reconstruction 165, 215, 293 risk communication 210 risk perception 201 secure tenure 133 tsunamis 169 Turkey building codes 187 disaster impacts 182 disaster-resistant construction 207, 287 earthquake (1999) 177, 179 gecekondu sites 32, 141, 318 illegal settlements 140 Natech events 177–178 security of tenure 318–319 squatter communities 112 Uganda earthquake safety 208 tenure rights 148 UK see United Kingdom uncertainty 28–29 UNDP see United Nations Development Programme unemployment crime prevention 50 crime rates 45 young people 70–71 UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) 182, 205 UN-Habitat 119, 296 UN-Habitat Framework for Sustainable Relief and Reconstruction 281 UN-Habitat <strong>Global</strong> Campaign for Secure Tenure 113 UN-Habitat <strong>Global</strong> Campaign on Urban Governance 104 UN-Habitat Safer Cities Programme 86–87, 236, 258–260 capacity-building 256 criminal justice 245, 249 non-traditional approaches 250 Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea 95–96 scaling up 259 social capital 104–105 strategic focus 259–260 urban planning 241 vulnerability 107 UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund) 58–59, 298 United Kingdom (UK) adverse possession 141 bicycle use 227 buyer affordability 122 closed-circuit television cameras 98 crime prevention 88, 89, 251 Bradford Unitary Development Plan 97–98, 304–305 international support 257 urban planning 241, 257 disaster risk reduction 203
Index 447 gun ownership 78 Homeless Persons Act 271 housing rights 270 human-made hazards 197 land use planning 188–189 private security 75 security of tenure 132, 268 tenure rights 148 United Nations, road safety 230 United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) 58–59, 298 United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime 60, 85–86 United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) 174, 196, 212 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 182, 205 United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 134, 143 United Nations <strong>Global</strong> Compact 273 United Nations Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement 264 United Nations Housing Rights Programme 120 United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) 207, 279, 298 United Nations Office on Drug and Crime (UNODC) 60 United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security (UNTFHS) 139, 303 United States (US) adverse possession 141 Bryant Park 100–101 crime prevention 88–89, 100–101, 252, 257, 309–310 crime rates 20, 53 deportation 71 gun ownership 78 heat stress 18 homicide death rate 70 housing construction 208 human-made hazards 197 human trafficking 64 hurricane risk perception 201 inclusive planning 297 natural disasters 190 New York 100–101 Safe Neighbourhoods Act 91–92 school security 104 security of tenure 122 traffic accidents 228, 229 university cities 128 UNODC see United Nations Office on Drug and Crime UNTFHS see United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security urban authorities, disaster risk 164 urban beautification, forced evictions 124, 129–130 urban design 39, 240 urban development disaster risk reduction 282 Habitat Agenda 280 resilience 296 urban government see local government urbanization Africa 189–190 climate change 290–291 crime rates 68, 81 disaster risk 10–11, 167, 169–171, 183–184, 192 environmental hazards 184–185 flooding 185 housing 111 human security 9, 303 road traffic accidents 223–224 urban life, road traffic accidents 219–220 urban planning 39, 40 crime and violence 47, 69–70, 85 crime prevention 93, 96, 235, 239–240, 256–257, 304–305 disaster impacts 179 disaster risk reduction 165, 238, 283 inclusion 296–297 private sector 299 road safety 224–225 traffic accidents 165 urban poor security of tenure 131 tenure categories 117 tenure regularization 138 urban processes, disaster risk 183–189 urban regeneration disaster impacts 179 forced evictions 124 urban renewal, crime prevention 105 urban terrorism 65–66, 81 urban villages 133 US see United States vehicle burglary 56, 75 Venezuela, disaster resilience 202 victims burglary 75 categories 72 vigilantism 14, 101 villas miserias (villages of misery) 16 violence arms trafficking 78 categories 51 child abuse 58 cities 12 cultural factors 66 definition 51 forced evictions 124 interpersonal 13 intra-family 12 schools 104 state-sponsored 13 terrorism-related 47 women 102, 246 see also crime and violence; gun violence; intimate partner violence violence continuum 11 violence-related deaths 11–12 volcanoes 184
Page 3:
ENHANCING URBAN SAFETY AND SECURITY
Page 6 and 7:
First published by Earthscan in the
Page 8 and 9:
INTRODUCTION Enhancing Urban Safety
Page 10 and 11:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The preparation of
Page 12 and 13:
x Enhancing Urban Safety and Securi
Page 14 and 15:
xii Enhancing Urban Safety and Secu
Page 16 and 17:
xiv Enhancing Urban Safety and Secu
Page 18 and 19:
xvi Enhancing Urban Safety and Secu
Page 20 and 21:
xviii Enhancing Urban Safety and Se
Page 22 and 23:
LIST OF FIGURES, BOXES AND TABLES F
Page 24 and 25:
xxii Enhancing Urban Safety and Sec
Page 26 and 27:
xxiv Enhancing Urban Safety and Sec
Page 28 and 29:
xxvi Enhancing Urban Safety and Sec
Page 30 and 31:
xxviii Enhancing Urban Safety and S
Page 32 and 33:
xxx Enhancing Urban Safety and Secu
Page 34:
xxxii Enhancing Urban Safety and Se
Page 38 and 39:
4 Understanding Urban Safety and Se
Page 41 and 42:
1 CHAPTER CURRENT THREATS TO URBAN
Page 43 and 44:
Current threats to urban safety and
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
2 CHAPTER VULNERABILITY, RISK AND R
Page 59 and 60:
Vulnerability, risk and resilience:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
29 simply ‘give up’ in the face
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75:
Page 80 and 81:
46 Urban crime and violence Box II.
Page 82 and 83:
48 Urban crime and violence it has
Page 84 and 85:
50 Urban crime and violence Formal
Page 86 and 87:
52 Urban crime and violence Contact
Page 88 and 89:
54 Urban crime and violence Per 100
Page 90 and 91:
56 Urban crime and violence Burglar
Page 92 and 93:
58 Urban crime and violence Percent
Page 94 and 95:
60 Urban crime and violence Figure
Page 96 and 97:
62 Urban crime and violence Table 3
Page 98 and 99:
64 Urban crime and violence Youth g
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
68 Urban crime and violence Type of
Page 104 and 105:
70 Urban crime and violence From a
Page 106 and 107:
72 Urban crime and violence One vio
Page 108 and 109:
74 Urban crime and violence High ho
Page 110 and 111:
76 Urban crime and violence Abused
Page 112 and 113:
78 Urban crime and violence General
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
82 Urban crime and violence porate
Page 118 and 119:
4 CHAPTER URBAN CRIME AND VIOLENCE:
Page 120 and 121:
86 Urban crime and violence UN-Habi
Page 122 and 123:
88 Urban crime and violence Box 4.2
Page 124 and 125:
90 Urban crime and violence Box 4.4
Page 126 and 127:
92 Urban crime and violence Legisla
Page 128 and 129:
94 Urban crime and violence above w
Page 130 and 131:
96 Urban crime and violence Campaig
Page 132 and 133:
98 Urban crime and violence Availab
Page 134 and 135:
100 Urban crime and violence Box 4.
Page 136 and 137:
102 Urban crime and violence In som
Page 138 and 139:
104 Urban crime and violence Initia
Page 140 and 141:
106 Urban crime and violence The mo
Page 142:
108 Urban crime and violence Vander
Page 146 and 147:
112 Security of tenure Box III.1 Se
Page 148 and 149:
5 CHAPTER SECURITY OF TENURE: CONDI
Page 150 and 151:
116 Security of tenure Table 5.1 A
Page 152 and 153:
118 Security of tenure Fully legal
Page 154 and 155:
120 Security of tenure Box 5.4 Secu
Page 156 and 157:
122 Security of tenure Urban tenure
Page 158 and 159:
124 Security of tenure At least 2 m
Page 160 and 161:
126 Security of tenure Market-based
Page 162 and 163:
128 Security of tenure Box 5.11 Urb
Page 164 and 165:
130 Security of tenure Operation Mu
Page 166 and 167:
132 Security of tenure Control of l
Page 168 and 169:
134 Security of tenure Box 5.18 Sec
Page 170 and 171:
136 Security of tenure NOTES 1 Habi
Page 172 and 173:
138 Security of tenure Box 6.1 The
Page 174 and 175:
140 Security of tenure It would be
Page 176 and 177:
142 Security of tenure Box 6.7 Land
Page 178 and 179:
144 Security of tenure Box 6.10 Wha
Page 180 and 181:
146 Security of tenure Box 6.12 Evi
Page 182 and 183:
148 Security of tenure Box 6.15 Con
Page 184 and 185:
150 Security of tenure Box 6.18 Vio
Page 186 and 187:
152 Security of tenure The
Page 188 and 189:
154 Security of tenure Box 6.24 Lan
Page 190 and 191:
156 Security of tenure The state is
Page 192 and 193:
158 Security of tenure Housing righ
Page 197 and 198:
Over the last three decades, natura
Page 199 and 200:
Introduction 165 One of the key tre
Page 201 and 202:
7 CHAPTER DISASTER RISK: CONDITIONS
Page 203 and 204:
Disaster risk: Conditions, trends a
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
8 CHAPTER POLICY RESPONSES TO DISAS
Page 231 and 232:
Policy responses to disaster risk 1
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251:
Page 254 and 255:
220 Natural and human-made disaster
Page 256 and 257:
Page 258 and 259:
Page 260 and 261:
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266:
Page 270 and 271:
236 Towards safer and more secure c
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
Page 286 and 287:
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292 and 293:
Page 294 and 295:
Page 296 and 297:
11 CHAPTER ENHANCING TENURE SECURIT
Page 298 and 299:
Page 300 and 301:
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
Page 306 and 307:
Page 308 and 309:
Page 310 and 311:
276 Enhancing Urban Safety and Secu
Page 312 and 313:
12 CHAPTER MITIGATING THE IMPACTS O
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
Page 318 and 319:
Page 320 and 321:
Page 322 and 323:
Page 324 and 325:
Page 326 and 327:
Page 328 and 329:
Page 330 and 331:
Page 332 and 333:
Page 334:
Page 338 and 339:
304 Summary of case studies Since i
Page 340 and 341:
306 Summary of case studies • The
Page 342 and 343:
308 Summary of case studies tions w
Page 344 and 345:
310 Summary of case studies environ
Page 346 and 347:
312 Summary of case studies others.
Page 348 and 349:
314 Summary of case studies purpose
Page 350 and 351:
316 Summary of case studies These e
Page 352 and 353:
318 Summary of case studies develop
Page 354 and 355:
320 Summary of case studies tion ex
Page 356 and 357:
322 Summary of case studies Housing
Page 358 and 359:
324 Summary of case studies Prolong
Page 360:
326 Summary of case studies momentu
Page 364 and 365:
330 Statistical annex Islands, Micr
Page 366 and 367:
332 Statistical annex NOMENCLATURE
Page 368 and 369:
334 Statistical annex Population, u
Page 370 and 371:
336 Statistical annex SOURCES OF DA
Page 372 and 373:
Page 374 and 375:
Page 376 and 377:
Page 378 and 379:
Page 380 and 381:
Page 382 and 383:
Page 384 and 385:
Page 386 and 387:
Page 388 and 389:
Page 390 and 391:
Page 392 and 393:
Page 394 and 395:
Page 396 and 397:
Page 398 and 399:
Page 400 and 401:
Page 402 and 403:
Page 404 and 405:
Page 406 and 407:
Page 408 and 409:
Page 410 and 411:
Page 412 and 413:
Page 414 and 415:
Page 416 and 417:
Page 418 and 419:
Page 420 and 421:
Page 422 and 423:
Page 424 and 425:
Page 426 and 427:
Page 428 and 429:
Page 430 and 431: 396 Enhancing Urban Safety and Secu
Page 444 and 445: 410 TABLE C.7 continued Enhancing U
Page 467 and 468: INDEX ACHR (Asian Coalition for Hou
Page 469 and 470: Index 435 security of tenure 134 co
Page 471 and 472: Index 437 domestic abuse see intima
Page 473 and 474: Index 439 hazard management 169 haz
Page 475 and 476: Index 441 Kosovo, security of tenur
Page 477 and 478: Index 443 participation 38, 296-299
Page 479: Index 445 individual 34-35 municipa
show all

Global Report on Human Settlements 2007 - PoA-ISS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?