ARHIVELE OLTENIEI - Universitatea din Craiova

300Roxana Radu, Florin Nacuimportant in countries which rely on basic flat-rate provisions from the state, andalso has a strong tradition in countries where earnings-related pensions are low orrestricted by ceilings, and where coverage is not universal for all those who areemployed. However, this trend is now widespread and includes countries wherepublic provisions have been paramount.This general tendency to redistribute the responsibility for old ageincome provision between public and private suppliers raises many questions. Afirst central group of questions concerns the ability to reduce effectively theburden of future generation in face of demographic changes when responsibilityis redistributed between the various forms of retirement provisions. A secondgroup of questions regards the form this alternative distribution of responsibilityshould take. In most European countries, responsibility is currently spread acrossa combination of public schemes, occupational provisions and personalretirement savings. This three-pronged approach is considered by many analystsand policy-makers as an appropriate combination, providing flexibility andsharing of risk between generations.The social security system: organization and servicesA. Scheme based on contributions1. System of state social insurance• Pensions (old age, disability,dependent)• Sickness payments• Maternity payments• Extended maternity leave• Assistance• Spa treatment2. System of supplementary pensions • Supplement to basic pension3. Special system of social insurance • Pensions(lawyers etc.)• Payments• Assistance4. System of unemployment insurance• Unemployment assistance• Support allowance• Support for unemployedgraduates• Training/retraining schemes• Partial wage subventions foryoung graduates5. Special health insurance • Price difference support formedicines