ARHIVELE OLTENIEI - Universitatea din Craiova

336Roxana Nanu, Oana Berceanu, Radu Buzienescuon the contrary it appears in a great diversity of situations, experiences andnational practices, historically concrete, adequate not only to the type ofeconomical integration, but also to different development levels. Even thoughthere elements and specific characteristics to each model or to one country oranother within the integration type, still we can speak of the existence of someeconomic types folded on economical and social-political models.Generally, in the delimitation of the three models of economy andsociety that exist in the world: American, European and Asian around which theintegration types but also the globalisation forms are shaped, the fallowingcriteria are used: the civilisation type sustained by their development; the idealsdesired by the integrated peoples; the religions which unite or divide thepeoples; the intervention degree of the state in the economic life; the way andthe level at which the state is involved in the economy; the role and the functionsaccomplished by the market; the economical thinking current found at the basisof the economical politics substantiation etc. It is estimated that these modelshave as basis “valour systems opposed as far as the position of the person in anundertaking (institution), the market’s place in the society and the role the legalorder must play in the international economy are concerned” 4 .The American model 5 , unfolded on North American Free ExchangeAccord (NAFTA), but specific to Great Britain, Australia and New Zeeland hasas main pillars the economic growth and the politic freedom, excluding thepublic power from the administration of the social cohesion. The state puts at thelatitude of the individual all the efforts for the prevention of personal failure, themodel being structured on the logic of self risk for the individuals who have thetask and the responsibility to administrate the support media. It is a non-liberalmodel that emphasises the market virtues, it is an exclusively efficacious model,it promotes a laissez- faire type economy, relying on the individual judgementand the competitive markets mechanisms in the allocation of resources. TheAmerican model turns out to be open to a high degree towards the exterior,having both the outgoings and the incomings liberalised (partially restricted byNAFTA). It is considered that this model initiates the globalisation, in the termsof U.S.A. militating for the integration in a block of the South America and thePacific Ocean’ s bay countries. In the economical development strategies it hasdetached as one who uses expensive work and cheep capital, the expensive workunderlining the individual’s value in the American economy and society, and thecheep capital distinguishes the natural gifting with material factors ofproduction. That is why, in the American model, the economical activity isbased on large undertaking, where the risk assumed in the competition process isat the foundation of the private initiative, the American economy being aneconomy based on money. The American economy model is not a transition one,4 Michel Albert, Capitalism opposed to/versus capitalism, Bucureşti, HumanitasPublishing House, 1994, p. 21 and fallowing pages.5 Marin Dinu, Cristian Socol, Marius Marinas, op. cit., p. 30.