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Elemente de algebra liniara.pdf

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168 <strong>Elemente</strong> <strong>de</strong> algebră liniară<br />

8.5 Grupul rotat¸iilor. Reprezentări liniare<br />

Propozit¸ia 8.22<br />

Demonstrat¸ie. Avem<br />

¸si<br />

<br />

SO(2) =<br />

cos t − sin t<br />

sin t cos t<br />

<br />

α β<br />

γ δ<br />

<br />

−1 <br />

=<br />

<br />

cos t − sin t<br />

sin t cos t<br />

cos t sin t<br />

− sin t cos t<br />

∈ SO(2) =⇒<br />

<br />

<br />

⎧<br />

⎪⎨<br />

⎪⎩<br />

,<br />

t ∈ [0, 2π)<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

cos t − sin t<br />

sin t cos t<br />

α 2 + γ 2 = 1<br />

β 2 + δ 2 = 1<br />

αβ + γδ = 0<br />

αδ − βγ = 1.<br />

.<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

= 1<br />

<br />

Din relat¸iile α 2 + γ 2 = 1 ¸si β 2 + δ 2 = 1 rezultă că există t, s ∈ [0, 2π) încât<br />

dar<br />

αβ + γδ = 0<br />

αδ − βγ = 1.<br />

<br />

<br />

=⇒<br />

α β<br />

γ δ<br />

<br />

=<br />

<br />

cos t sin s<br />

sin t cos s<br />

sin(t + s) = 0<br />

cos(t + s) = 1.<br />

<br />

<br />

=⇒<br />

⎧<br />

⎪⎨<br />

⎪⎩<br />

s = −t<br />

sau<br />

s = 2π − t.<br />

Exercit¸iul 8.9 Dacă A ∈ SO(3) atunci există t ∈ [0, 2π) ¸si o matrice S ∈ O(3)<br />

astfel încât<br />

Rezolvare. Fie<br />

S −1 AS =<br />

A =<br />

⎛<br />

⎜<br />

⎝<br />

⎛<br />

⎜<br />

⎝<br />

1 0 0<br />

0 cos t − sin t<br />

0 sin t cos t<br />

a11 a12 a13<br />

a21 a22 a23<br />

a31 a32 a33<br />

⎞<br />

⎞<br />

⎟<br />

⎠ .<br />

⎟<br />

⎠ ∈ SO(3).

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