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Elemente de algebra liniara.pdf

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52 <strong>Elemente</strong> <strong>de</strong> algebră liniară<br />

Exercit¸iul 3.2 Să se arate că<br />

este aplicat¸ie liniară.<br />

A : R 3 −→ R 2 , A(x1, x2, x3) = (x1 + 2x2 − x3, x1 + x3)<br />

Rezolvare. Fie α, β ∈ K ¸si x = (x1, x2, x3), y = (y1, y2, y3) vectori din R 3 . Avem<br />

A(αx + βy) = A(α(x1, x2, x3) + β(y1, y2, y3))<br />

= A((αx1, αx2, αx3) + (βy1, βy2, βy3))<br />

= A(αx1 + βy1, αx2 + βy2, αx3 + βy3)<br />

= (αx1 + βy1 + 2(αx2 + βy2) − (αx3 + βy3), αx1 + βy1 + αx3 + βy3)<br />

= (αx1 + 2αx2 − αx3, αx1 + αx3) + (βy1 + 2βy2 − βy3, βy1 + βy3)<br />

= α(x1 + 2x2 − x3, x1 + x3) + β(y1 + 2y2 − y3, y1 + y3)<br />

= αA(x1, x2, x3) + βA(y1, y2, y3) = αAx + βAy.<br />

Exercit¸iul 3.3 Să se arate că<br />

este operator liniar.<br />

A : R 3 −→ R 3 , A(x1, x2, x3) = (x2 + x3, x1 + x3, x1 + x2)<br />

Exercit¸iul 3.4 Să se arate că rotat¸ia planului <strong>de</strong> unghi α este un operator liniar.<br />

Indicat¸ie. I<strong>de</strong>ntificăm planul cu spat¸iul vectorial R 2 .

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