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The Bhikṣuṇī Maṇimēkhalai

An English translation of one of the five great Tamil classics, a story of Buddhist virtues, magical powers and philosophy; along with a detailed study of the text.

An English translation of one of the five great Tamil classics, a story of Buddhist virtues, magical powers and philosophy; along with a detailed study of the text.

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265 - <strong>The</strong> Various Systems of Beliefs<br />

Other details of the teaching that I may have to expound, and the<br />

tatvas that I may have to explain are the same as those of the<br />

Lōkāyatas. Among the Pramāṇas, Pratyakṣa is the one admissible,<br />

even Anumāna is to be rejected. That which exists in the present, and<br />

that which we enjoy in this present life, are the only two states of<br />

existence; that there is another life and the enjoyment of the result of<br />

our deeds in it, are both of them false.’<br />

Having thus heard the teachings of all the systems, she thought:<br />

‘Though these be none of them acceptable, I shall not answer any of<br />

these. Does anybody know that I have knowledge of my previous<br />

birth.’<br />

So saying she laughed in scorn at the imperfections of the Bhūtavādī’s<br />

argument in particular. She further observed,<br />

‘<strong>The</strong> minds of people change when one gets possessed, or when one is<br />

in a state of dreaming. <strong>The</strong>re can be no doubt about this. Do you not<br />

recognize your father and mother only by inference? Who on this<br />

earth can understand this otherwise? Without understanding the<br />

ultimate truth, it would be impossible without a doubt to know the<br />

truth of things.’<br />

While still in her [199] disguise, she gave this reply to the Bhūtavādī,<br />

having learnt already the five systems of thought, the five, namely (1)<br />

Vaidikavāda, taking into it the first five sections, and (2) Jaina,<br />

including 6 and 7 following, and (3), (4), (5) the Sāṁkhya, Vaiśēṣika<br />

and Bhūtavāda including Lōkāyata, of the ten systems expounded in<br />

this chapter.

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