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The Bhikṣuṇī Maṇimēkhalai

An English translation of one of the five great Tamil classics, a story of Buddhist virtues, magical powers and philosophy; along with a detailed study of the text.

An English translation of one of the five great Tamil classics, a story of Buddhist virtues, magical powers and philosophy; along with a detailed study of the text.

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291 - Noble Truths and the Twelve Conditions<br />

chain of causes and conditions. <strong>The</strong>y may equally well be regarded as<br />

substance and attribute. Thus arranged these twelve Nidānas fall into<br />

four divisions, showing three joints.<br />

Appearance in birth or rebirth is of three kinds (human, heavenly or<br />

of the netherworld), and is of three divisions in time, past, present and<br />

future. <strong>The</strong>se also produce the faults, deeds and their consequences,<br />

and are impermanent and cause only sorrow. When one gets to<br />

understand this character of these Nidānas, he knows what will assure<br />

him the permanence of release. 117<br />

Further it becomes the means for the cultivation of the Four Truths,<br />

and is constituted of the five Skandhas. It is capable of being argued<br />

in the six forms beginning with the ‘assertion of truth’. It results in the<br />

‘four’ forms of excellence. It is open to question in four ways and<br />

being capable of respective answers in four ways similarly. It is<br />

without origin and without end. It is a series of continuous becoming<br />

without ever reaching final destruction. It neither does, nor can it be<br />

described as being done. It is neither self nor is it possessed by another<br />

self. It is nothing that is gone, nothing that is to come. It cannot be<br />

brought to an end, nor is it to end itself. It is itself the result of the<br />

deed, birth and cessation. Such is the nature of the twelve causes and<br />

conditions [223] beginning with ignorance, and called the Nidānas.<br />

<strong>The</strong>se twelve are :<br />

(1) Ignorance (Pēdamai, Sans. Avidyā),<br />

(2) Action (Śeykai, Sans. Karma),<br />

(3) Consciousness (Uṇarvu, Sans. Vijñāna),<br />

(4) Name and form (Aru-uru, Sans. Nāmarūpa),<br />

(5) Six organs of sense (Vāyil, Sans. Ṣaḍāyatana),<br />

(6) Contact (Ūṟu, Sans. Sparśa).<br />

117 (Nirvāṇa).

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