Nutrition Science and Everyday Application - beta v 0.1

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Types of Carbohydrates On this page, we’ll get acquainted with the chemical structure of different types of carbohydrates and learn where we find them in foods. First, all carbohydrates are made up of the same chemical elements: • carbon (that’s the “carbo-” part) • hydrogen and oxygen, in about a two-to-one proportion, just like in H 2 O (that’s the “-hydrate” part) For this reason, you may see carbohydrates abbreviated as “CHO” in our class. Carbohydrates can be divided into two main types: simple and complex. Simple carbohydrates are made up of just one or two sugar units, whereas complex carbohydrates are made up of many sugar units. We’ll look at each of these in turn. This figure gives you an overview of the types of carbohydrates that we’ll cover. 173
174 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LEONARD, MED, RDN, AND TAMBERLY POWELL, MS, RDN Figure 4.4. Carbohydrates can be divided into two main types: simple (including monosaccharides and disaccharides) and complex. SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES Simple carbohydrates are sometimes called “sugars” or “simple sugars.” There are 2 types of simple carbohydrates: monosaccharides and disaccharides. Monosaccharides contain just one sugar unit, so they’re the smallest of the carbohydrates. (The prefix “mono-” means “one.”) The small size of monosaccharides gives them a special role in digestion and metabolism. Food carbohydrates have to be broken down to monosaccharides before they can be absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, and they also circulate in blood in monosaccharide form. There are 3 monosaccharides: 1. Glucose 2. Fructose 3. Galactose Note that all three have the same chemical formula (C 6 H 12 O 6 ); the atoms are just arranged a bit differently.
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Nutrition: Science and Everyday App
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Nutrition: Science and Everyday App
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UNIT 3 - MOLECULES OF LIFE: PHOTOSY
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UNIT 9 - VITAMINS AND MINERALS PART
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2 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LEON
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About the Authors ALICE CALLAHAN, P
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6 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LEON
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Updates Made to OER Date Unit Page
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Introduction to Designing a Healthy
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12 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LEO
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Classification of Nutrients Food is
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Introduction to Nutrition Science a
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The Scientific Method Similar to th
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Types of Research Studies and How T
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100 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LE
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Finding Accurate Sources of Nutriti
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Who Can You Trust for Nutrition Inf
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Page 131 and 132: 122 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LE
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Sugar: Food Sources, Health Implica
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UNIT 5- LIPIDS 246
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The Functions of Fats Fats serve us
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Lipid Types and Structures Lipids a
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Digestion and Absorption of Lipids
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UNIT 6- PROTEIN 304
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Protein Digestion and Absorption Wh
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Protein Food Choices and Sustainabi
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Introduction to Energy Balance On D
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Energy Balance: Energy In, Energy O
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Indicators of Health: BMI, Body Com
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Best Practices For Weight Managemen
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UNIT 8 - VITAMINS AND MINERALS PART
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Dietary Supplements By now you know
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Vitamins and Minerals Involved In F
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Vitamins Important for Vision Visio
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Introduction to Vitamins and Minera
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Introduction to Bone Health The hum
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Calcium: Critical for Bones and Thr
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Vitamin D: Important to Bone Health
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Vitamins and Minerals Involved in B
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Introduction to Nutrition and Physi
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UNIT 11 — NUTRITION THROUGHOUT TH
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Nutrition in Early Infancy Infancy
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Raising Healthy Eaters “Raising a
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