Nutrition Science and Everyday Application - beta v 0.1

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DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OF LIPIDS 283 First, they have plenty of lingual and gastric lipases right from birth. These enzymes play a much more important role in infants than they do in adults. Second, breast milk actually contains lipase enzymes that are activated in the baby’s small intestine. In other words, the mother makes lipases and sends them in breast milk to help her baby digest the milk fats. Amazing, right? Between increased activity of lingual and gastric lipases and the lipases contained in breast milk, young infants can efficiently digest fat and reap its nutritional value for growth and brain development. Studies show that fat digestion is more efficient in premature infants fed breast milk compared with those fed formula. Even pasteurized breast milk, as is used when breast milk is donated for feeding babies in the hospital, is a little harder to digest, because heat denatures the lipases. (Infants can still digest pasteurized breast milk and formula; they’re just less efficient at doing so and absorb less of the products of triglyceride digestion.) 1 Self-Check:
284 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LEONARD, MED, RDN, AND TAMBERLY POWELL, MS, RDN An interactive H5P element has been excluded from this version of the text. You can view it online here: https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/nutritionscience/?p=296#h5p-11 References: • Lindshield, B. L. Kansas State University Human Nutrition (FNDH 400) Flexbook. goo.gl/vOAnR • OpenStax, Anatomy and Physiology. OpenStax CNX. Aug 28, 2019 http://cnx.org/ contents/14fb4ad7-39a1-4eee-ab6e-3ef2482e3e22@16.7. • University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa Food Science and Human Nutrition Program, “Digestion and Absorption of Lipids,” CC BY-NC 4.0 • 1 American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition, 2014. Chapter 2: Development of Gastrointestinal Function. In: Kleinman RE, Greer FR, eds. Pediatric Nutrition. 7th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics. Image Credits: • “all eating ice cream” by salem elizabeth is licensed under CC BY 2.0 • Figure 5.21. “Overview of lipid digestion” by Alice Callahan is licensed under CC BY 4.0; edited from “Digestive system diagram edit” by Mariana Ruiz, edited by Joaquim Alves Gaspar, Jmarchn is in the Public Domain • Figure 5.22. “Lipid digestion and absorption in the small intestine” by Alice Callahan is licensed under CC BY 4.0; edited from “Lipid Absorption” by OpenStax is licensed under CC BY 4.0 • Figure 5.23. “Chylomicrons Contain Triglycerides Cholesterol Molecules and Other Lipids” by OpenStax College, Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site is licensed under CC BY 3.0 • “IMGP1686” (breastfeeding baby) by Celeste Burke is licensed under CC BY 2.0
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Nutrition: Science and Everyday App
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Nutrition: Science and Everyday App
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UNIT 3 - MOLECULES OF LIFE: PHOTOSY
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UNIT 9 - VITAMINS AND MINERALS PART
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2 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LEON
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About the Authors ALICE CALLAHAN, P
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6 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LEON
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Updates Made to OER Date Unit Page
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Introduction to Designing a Healthy
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12 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LEO
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Classification of Nutrients Food is
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Introduction to Nutrition Science a
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The Scientific Method Similar to th
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Types of Research Studies and How T
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100 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LE
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Finding Accurate Sources of Nutriti
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Who Can You Trust for Nutrition Inf
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UNIT 3 - MOLECULES OF LIFE: PHOTOSY
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Photosynthesis and Metabolism As we
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The Digestive System We just learne
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Introduction to Carbohydrates If so
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Digestion and Absorption of Carbohy
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Glucose Regulation and Utilization
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Sugar: Food Sources, Health Implica
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Protein Digestion and Absorption Wh
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Protein Food Choices and Sustainabi
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Introduction to Energy Balance On D
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Energy Balance: Energy In, Energy O
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Indicators of Health: BMI, Body Com
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Best Practices For Weight Managemen
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UNIT 8 - VITAMINS AND MINERALS PART
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Dietary Supplements By now you know
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Vitamins and Minerals Involved In F
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Vitamins Important for Vision Visio
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Introduction to Vitamins and Minera
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Introduction to Bone Health The hum
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Calcium: Critical for Bones and Thr
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Vitamin D: Important to Bone Health
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Vitamins and Minerals Involved in B
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Introduction to Nutrition and Physi
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UNIT 11 — NUTRITION THROUGHOUT TH
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Nutrition in Early Infancy Infancy
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Raising Healthy Eaters “Raising a
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