Nutrition Science and Everyday Application - beta v 0.1

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Vitamins and Minerals Involved in Energy Metabolism Have you ever heard that taking vitamins will give you more energy? Or have you bought a product that claimed it could boost your energy level because it has added vitamins? Based on the knowledge that you’ve learned in this course, you know that vitamins are not broken down in the body to provide energy. So where does the idea that vitamins give you energy come from? On this page we will provide an overview of the B vitamins and several minerals that are important to the process of energy metabolism in the body, and take a closer look at two of those vitamins (folate and vitamin B 12 ) that have some important implications in our health. THE ROLE OF B VITAMINS AND MINERALS IN ENERGY METABOLISM All of the B vitamins and several minerals play a role in energy metabolism; they are required as functional parts of enzymes involved in energy release and storage. Many enzymes don’t work optimally, or even at all, unless bound to other specific helper molecules, called coenzymes or cofactors. Binding to these molecules promotes optimal conformation and function for their respective enzymes. 523
524 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LEONARD, MED, RDN, AND TAMBERLY POWELL, MS, RDN Figure 9.14. Role of a coenzyme assisting in an enzymatic reaction to break down a substrate. Vitamins that bind to enzymes are referred to as coenzymes—organic molecules which are required by enzymes to catalyze a specific reaction. They assist in converting a substrate to an end product. Cofactors are the inorganic minerals that assist in these enzymatic reactions. Coenzymes and cofactors are essential in catabolic pathways (i.e. breaking down substances) and play a role in many anabolic pathways (i.e. building substances). Table 9.1 lists the vitamins and minerals that participate in energy metabolism and their key functions in that process.
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Nutrition: Science and Everyday App
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Nutrition: Science and Everyday App
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UNIT 3 - MOLECULES OF LIFE: PHOTOSY
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UNIT 9 - VITAMINS AND MINERALS PART
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2 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LEON
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About the Authors ALICE CALLAHAN, P
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Updates Made to OER Date Unit Page
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Introduction to Designing a Healthy
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12 ALICE CALLAHAN, PHD, HEATHER LEO
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Classification of Nutrients Food is
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Introduction to Nutrition Science a
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The Scientific Method Similar to th
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Types of Research Studies and How T
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Finding Accurate Sources of Nutriti
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Who Can You Trust for Nutrition Inf
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UNIT 3 - MOLECULES OF LIFE: PHOTOSY
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Photosynthesis and Metabolism As we
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The Digestive System We just learne
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Introduction to Carbohydrates If so
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Digestion and Absorption of Carbohy
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Glucose Regulation and Utilization
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Sugar: Food Sources, Health Implica
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UNIT 5- LIPIDS 246
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The Functions of Fats Fats serve us
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Lipid Types and Structures Lipids a
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Digestion and Absorption of Lipids
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UNIT 6- PROTEIN 304
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Protein Digestion and Absorption Wh
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Protein Food Choices and Sustainabi
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Introduction to Energy Balance On D
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Energy Balance: Energy In, Energy O
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Indicators of Health: BMI, Body Com
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Best Practices For Weight Managemen
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UNIT 8 - VITAMINS AND MINERALS PART
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Dietary Supplements By now you know
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Vitamins and Minerals Involved In F
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Nutrition in Early Infancy Infancy
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Raising Healthy Eaters “Raising a
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