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Muhammad himself, although wise, "<strong>in</strong>fallible" and unself-<br />

ish, was not above the maxim or an exception to the rule.<br />

God <strong>in</strong>structs him <strong>in</strong> this way:<br />

"It i s by the Mercy of God that you dealt<br />

gently with t hem (your people). Were you<br />

severe or harsh-hearted. they would have<br />

broken away from about you. So pass over<br />

their faults, and ask for (God's) Forgive-<br />

ncss for them; and consult them <strong>in</strong> affairs<br />

(of moment). Then, when you have taken a<br />

decision, pul your trust (<strong>in</strong> Him)".<br />

(3:159)<br />

Enumerat<strong>in</strong>g the characteristics of the believers, the<br />

Qur'an makes clear mention of mutual counsel as an article<br />

of Faith.<br />

"The believers are those who believe <strong>in</strong><br />

God and pul their trust i n their Lord, those<br />

who avoid the greater crimes and shameful<br />

deeds, and, when they are angry even then<br />

forgive; those who hearken to their Lord,<br />

and establish regular Prayer, and conduct<br />

their affairs by mutual consultation, and<br />

spend out of what We bestow on them for<br />

sustenance (by way of charity); and those<br />

who, when an oppressive wrong is <strong>in</strong>ilict-<br />

ecl on them. (are not cowed but) help and<br />

defend themselves".<br />

(42:36-39)

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