Chapter 4 – <strong>Milk</strong> <strong>and</strong> dairy products as part of the diet 167 Chee, W.S.S., Suriah, A.R., Chan, S.P., Zaitun, Y. & Chang, Y.M. 2003. The effect of milk supplementation on bone m<strong>in</strong>eral density <strong>in</strong> postmenopausal Ch<strong>in</strong>ese women liv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> Malaysia. Osteoporosis Int., 14: 828–834. Chen, S.T. 1989. Impact of a school milk programme on the nutritional status of school children. Asia Pac. J. Public Health, 3: 19–25. Cheng, S., Lyytika<strong>in</strong>en, A., Kroger, H., Lamberg-Allardt, C., Alen, M., Koist<strong>in</strong>en, A., Wang, Q.J., Suur<strong>in</strong>iemi, M., Suom<strong>in</strong>en, H., Mahonen, A., Nicholson, P.H., Ivaska, K.K., Korpela, R., Ohlson, C., Vaananen, K.H. & Tylavasky, F. 2005. Effects of calcium, dairy product, <strong>and</strong> vitam<strong>in</strong> D supplementation on bone mass accrual <strong>and</strong> body composition <strong>in</strong> 10–12 y-old girls: a 2-y r<strong>and</strong>omized trial. Am. J. Cl<strong>in</strong>. Nutr., 82: 1115–1126. Cook, J., Irwig, L.M., Ch<strong>in</strong>n, S., Altman, D.G. & Florey, C.D. 1979. The <strong>in</strong>fluence of availability of free school milk on the height of children <strong>in</strong> Engl<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Scotl<strong>and</strong>. J. Epidemiol. Commun. H., 33: 171–176. Craviari, T., Pettifor, J.M., Thacher, T.D., Meisner, C., Arnaud, J., Fischer, P.R. & The Rickets Convergence Group. 2008. Rickets: An overview <strong>and</strong> future directions, with special references to Bangladesh. J. Health Popul. Nutr., 26: 112–121. Crichton, G.E., Bryan, J., Buckley, J. & Murphy, K.J. 2011. <strong>Dairy</strong> consumption <strong>and</strong> metabolic syndrome: a systematic review of f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs <strong>and</strong> methodological issues. Obes. Rev., 12: 190–201. Dalmeijer, G.W., Struijk, E.A., van der Schouw, Y.T., Soedamah-Muthu, S.S., Verschuren, W.M., Boer, J.M., Geleijnse, J.M. & Beulens, J.W. 2012. <strong>Dairy</strong> <strong>in</strong>take <strong>and</strong> coronary heart disease or stroke – a population-based cohort study. Int. J. Cardiol. [Epub ahead of pr<strong>in</strong>t]. Daly, R.M., Bass, S. & Nowson, C. 2006. Long-term effects of calcium–vitam<strong>in</strong>-D3- fortified milk on bone geometry <strong>and</strong> strength <strong>in</strong> older men. Bone, 39: 946–953. Dawson-Hughes, B. 2003. Interaction of dietary calcium <strong>and</strong> prote<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> bone health <strong>in</strong> humans. J. Nutr., 133(3): 852S–854S. de Beer H. 2012. <strong>Dairy</strong> products <strong>and</strong> physical stature: a systematic review <strong>and</strong> metaanalysis of controlled trials. Econ. Hum. Biol., 10(3): 299–309. DGAC. 2010. Report of the Dietary Guidel<strong>in</strong>es Advisory Committee on the Dietary Guidel<strong>in</strong>es for Americans, 2010, to the Secretary of Agriculture <strong>and</strong> the Secretary of Health <strong>and</strong> <strong>Human</strong> Services. Wash<strong>in</strong>gton, DC, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Available at: http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/ dietaryguidel<strong>in</strong>es.htm. Accessed 5 October 2012. Dougkas, A., Reynolds, C.K., Givens, I.D., Elwood, P.C. & M<strong>in</strong>ihane, A.M. 2011. Associations between dairy consumption <strong>and</strong> body weight: a review of the evidence <strong>and</strong> underly<strong>in</strong>g mechanisms. Nutr. Res. Rev., 24: 72–95. Dugee, O., Khor, G.L., Lye, M.-S., Luvsannyam, L., Janchiv, O., Jamyan, B. & Esa, N. 2009. Association of major dietary patterns with obesity risk among Mongolian men <strong>and</strong> women. Asia Pac. J. Cl<strong>in</strong>. Nutr., 18(3): 433–440. Dror, D.K. & Allen, L.H. 2011. The importance of milk <strong>and</strong> other animal-source foods for children <strong>in</strong> low-<strong>in</strong>come countries. Food Nutr. Bull., 32(3): 227–243. Du, X., Zhu, K., Trube, A., Zhang, Q., Ma, G., Hu, X., Fraser, D.R. & Greenfield, H. 2004. School-milk <strong>in</strong>tervention trial enhances growth <strong>and</strong> m<strong>in</strong>eral accretion <strong>in</strong> Ch<strong>in</strong>ese girls aged 10–12 years <strong>in</strong> Beij<strong>in</strong>g. Brit. J. Nutr., 92: 159–168.
168 <strong>Milk</strong> <strong>and</strong> dairy products <strong>in</strong> human nutrition Elders, P.J.M., Lips, P., Netelenbos, J.C., van G<strong>in</strong>kel, F.C., Khoe, E., van der Vijgh, W.J.F. & van der Stelt, P.F. 1994. Long-term effect of calcium supplementation on bone loss <strong>in</strong> perimenopausal women. J. Bone M<strong>in</strong>er. Res. 9: 963–970. Elwood, P.C., Givens, D.I., Beswick, A.D., Fehily, A.M., Picker<strong>in</strong>g, J.E. & Gallacher, J. 2008. The survival advantage of milk <strong>and</strong> dairy consumption: an overview of evidence from cohort studies of vascular diseases, diabetes <strong>and</strong> cancer. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 27(6):723S–734S. Elwood, P.C., Picker<strong>in</strong>g, J.E., Givens, D.I. & Gallacher, J.E. 2010. The consumption of milk <strong>and</strong> dairy foods <strong>and</strong> the <strong>in</strong>cidence of vascular disease <strong>and</strong> diabetes: an overview of the evidence. Lipids, 45(10): 925–939. EFSA. 2010. Scientific op<strong>in</strong>ion on lactose thresholds <strong>in</strong> lactose <strong>in</strong>tolerance <strong>and</strong> galactosaemia. EFSA Journal, 8(9):1777. Eriksson, J.G. 2011. Early growth <strong>and</strong> coronary heart disease <strong>and</strong> type 2 diabetes: f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs from the Hels<strong>in</strong>ki Birth Cohort Study (HBCS). Am. J. Cl<strong>in</strong>. Nutr., 94(6): 1799S–1802S. Eriksson, J., Forsen, T., Tuomilehto, J., Osmond, C. & Barker, D. 2000. Foetal <strong>and</strong> childhood growth <strong>and</strong> hypertension <strong>in</strong> adult life. Hypertension, 36: 790–794. Eriksson, J.G., Forsen, T., Tuomilehto, J., Osmond, C. & Barker, D.J. 2001. Early growth <strong>and</strong> coronary heart disease <strong>in</strong> later life: longitud<strong>in</strong>al study. Brit. Med. J., 322: 949–953. Eriksson, J.G., Forsen, T., Tuomilehto, J., Osmond, C. & Barker, D.J. 2003. Early adiposity rebound <strong>in</strong> childhood <strong>and</strong> risk of type 2 diabetes <strong>in</strong> adult life. Diabetologia 46: 190–194. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, <strong>and</strong> Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol <strong>in</strong> Adults. 2001. Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, <strong>and</strong> Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol <strong>in</strong> Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA, 285(19): 2486–2497. <strong>FAO</strong> & WHO. 2002. <strong>Human</strong> vitam<strong>in</strong> <strong>and</strong> m<strong>in</strong>eral requirements. Report of a jo<strong>in</strong>t <strong>FAO</strong> <strong>and</strong> WHO expert consultation. Rome. Available at: http://www.fao.org/ DOCREP/004/Y2809E/y2809e00.htm. Accessed 17 September 2012. <strong>FAO</strong> & WHO. 2010. Interim summary of conclusions <strong>and</strong> dietary recommendations on total fat & fatty acids. From the jo<strong>in</strong>t <strong>FAO</strong>/WHO expert consultation on fats <strong>and</strong> fatty acids.Available at: http://www.who.<strong>in</strong>t/nutrition/topics/FFA_summary_rec_ conclusion.pdf. Accessed 5 October 2012. Feldeisen, S.E. & Tucker, K.L. 2007. <strong>Nutrition</strong> strategies <strong>in</strong> the prevention <strong>and</strong> treatment of metabolic syndrome. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab., 32(1): 46–60. Fe<strong>in</strong>man, R.D. 2010. Saturated fat <strong>and</strong> health: recent advances <strong>in</strong> research. Lipids, 45: 891–892. Ferl<strong>and</strong>, A., Lamarche, B., Château-Degat, M.L., Counil, E., Anassour-Laouan- Sidi, E., Abdous, B. & Dewailly, É. 2011. <strong>Dairy</strong> product <strong>in</strong>take <strong>and</strong> its association with body weight <strong>and</strong> cardiovascular disease risk factors <strong>in</strong> a population <strong>in</strong> dietary transition. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 30(2): 92–99. Ferrazzano, G.F., Cantile, T., Quarto, M., Ingenito, A., Chianese, L. & Addeo, F. 2008 Protective effect of yoghurt extract on dental enamel dem<strong>in</strong>eralization <strong>in</strong> vitro. Aus. Dent. J., 53(4): 314–319.
- Page 1 and 2:
MILK dairy products in and human nu
- Page 3 and 4:
cover photo credits front: © EADD/
- Page 5 and 6:
iv 2.7 Emerging issues and challeng
- Page 7 and 8:
vi 5.2 Dairy components 209 5.2.1 M
- Page 9 and 10:
viii 9.2 Key trends and emerging is
- Page 11 and 12:
x 2.5 Per capita energy intake from
- Page 13 and 14:
xii Preface Billions of people arou
- Page 15 and 16:
xiv The publication serves a variet
- Page 17 and 18:
xvi (Research Assistant Professor,
- Page 19 and 20:
xviii Permissions granted by extern
- Page 21 and 22:
xx FPCM fat and protein-corrected m
- Page 23 and 24:
xxii Contributors Anthony Bennett j
- Page 25 and 26:
xxiv from the National University o
- Page 27 and 28:
xxvi Award 2010 along with colleagu
- Page 29 and 30:
2 Milk and dairy products in human
- Page 31 and 32:
4 Milk and dairy products in human
- Page 33 and 34:
6 Milk and dairy products in human
- Page 35 and 36:
8 Milk and dairy products in human
- Page 38 and 39:
11 Chapter 2 Milk availability: Cur
- Page 40 and 41:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 42 and 43:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 44 and 45:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 46 and 47:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 48 and 49:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 50 and 51:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 52 and 53:
Table 2.5 Volume and share of milk
- Page 54 and 55:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 56 and 57:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 58 and 59:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 60 and 61:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 62 and 63:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 64 and 65:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 66 and 67:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 68 and 69:
41 Chapter 3 Milk and dairy product
- Page 70 and 71:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 72 and 73:
Table 3.1 Proximate composition of
- Page 74 and 75:
Table 3.2 (continued) Vitamins Ribo
- Page 76 and 77:
Table 3.4 Mineral composition in mi
- Page 78 and 79:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 80 and 81:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 82 and 83:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 84 and 85:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 86 and 87:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 88 and 89:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 90 and 91:
Table 3.6 (continued) Riboflavin Vi
- Page 92 and 93:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 94 and 95:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 96 and 97:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 98 and 99:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 100 and 101:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 102 and 103:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 104 and 105:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 106 and 107:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 108 and 109:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 110 and 111:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 112 and 113:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 114 and 115:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 116 and 117:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 118 and 119:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 120 and 121:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 122 and 123:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 124 and 125:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 126 and 127:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 128 and 129:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 130 and 131:
103 Chapter 4 Milk and dairy produc
- Page 132 and 133:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 134 and 135:
Table 4.1 Nutrient content of full
- Page 136 and 137:
Table 4.2 Contents of selected nutr
- Page 138 and 139:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 140 and 141:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 142 and 143:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 144 and 145: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 146 and 147: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 148 and 149: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 150 and 151: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 152 and 153: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 154 and 155: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 156 and 157: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 158 and 159: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 160 and 161: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 162 and 163: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 164 and 165: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 166 and 167: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 168 and 169: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 170 and 171: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 172 and 173: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 174 and 175: Table 4.4 Summary of recent review
- Page 176 and 177: Table 4.4 (continued) Reference Die
- Page 178 and 179: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 180 and 181: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 182 and 183: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 184 and 185: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 186 and 187: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 188 and 189: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 190 and 191: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 192 and 193: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 196 and 197: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 198 and 199: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 200 and 201: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 202 and 203: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 204 and 205: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 206 and 207: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 208 and 209: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 210 and 211: Annex Table 4.7 Milk and dairy prod
- Page 212 and 213: Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 214 and 215: Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 216 and 217: Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 218 and 219: Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 220 and 221: Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 222 and 223: Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 224 and 225: Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 226 and 227: Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 228 and 229: Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 230 and 231: Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 232 and 233: Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 234 and 235: 207 Chapter 5 Dairy components, pro
- Page 236 and 237: Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 238 and 239: Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 240 and 241: Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 242 and 243: Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 244 and 245:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 246 and 247:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 248 and 249:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 250 and 251:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 252 and 253:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 254 and 255:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 256 and 257:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 258 and 259:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 260 and 261:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 262 and 263:
Annex Table 5.2 EU register of dair
- Page 264 and 265:
Table 5.2 (continued) Claim type Ar
- Page 266 and 267:
Table 5.2 (continued) Claim type Ar
- Page 268 and 269:
Table 5.2 (continued) Claim type Ar
- Page 270 and 271:
243 Chapter 6 Safety and quality Ma
- Page 272 and 273:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 245
- Page 274 and 275:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 247
- Page 276 and 277:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 249
- Page 278 and 279:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 251
- Page 280 and 281:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 253
- Page 282 and 283:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 255
- Page 284 and 285:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 257
- Page 286 and 287:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 259
- Page 288 and 289:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 261
- Page 290 and 291:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 263
- Page 292 and 293:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 265
- Page 294 and 295:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 267
- Page 296 and 297:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 269
- Page 298 and 299:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 271
- Page 300:
Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 273
- Page 303 and 304:
276 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 305 and 306:
278 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 307 and 308:
280 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 309 and 310:
282 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 311 and 312:
284 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 313 and 314:
286 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 315 and 316:
288 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 317 and 318:
290 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 319 and 320:
292 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 321 and 322:
294 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 323 and 324:
296 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 325 and 326:
298 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 327 and 328:
Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organ
- Page 329 and 330:
Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organ
- Page 331 and 332:
Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organ
- Page 333 and 334:
Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organ
- Page 335 and 336:
Table 7.1 (continued) 308 Country/o
- Page 337 and 338:
Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organ
- Page 339 and 340:
Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organ
- Page 341 and 342:
314 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 343 and 344:
316 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 345 and 346:
318 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 347 and 348:
320 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 349 and 350:
322 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 351 and 352:
324 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 353 and 354:
326 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 355 and 356:
328 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 357 and 358:
330 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 359 and 360:
332 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 361 and 362:
334 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 363 and 364:
336 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 365 and 366:
338 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 367 and 368:
340 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 369 and 370:
342 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 371 and 372:
344 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 373 and 374:
346 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 375 and 376:
348 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 377 and 378:
350 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 379 and 380:
352 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 381 and 382:
354 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 383 and 384:
356 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 385 and 386:
358 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 387 and 388:
360 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 389 and 390:
362 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 391 and 392:
364 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 393 and 394:
366 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 395 and 396:
368 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 397 and 398:
370 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 399 and 400:
372 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 401 and 402:
374 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 403 and 404:
376 Milk and dairy products in huma